Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus

A form of lupus erythematosus in which the skin may be the only organ involved or in which skin involvement precedes the spread into other body systems. It has been classified into three forms - acute (= LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, SYSTEMIC with skin lesions), subacute, and chronic (= LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, DISCOID).

Also Known As:

Networked: 503 relevant articles (31 outcomes, 38 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Urticaria (Hives)
2.	Skin Diseases
3.	Malaria
4.	Psoriasis (Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantaris)
5.	Atopic Dermatitis (Atopic Eczema)

Experts

1.	Kuhn, Annegret: 10 articles (07/2014 - 04/2002)
2.	Callen, Jeffrey P: 8 articles (09/2013 - 04/2002)
3.	Werth, Victoria P: 8 articles (04/2012 - 09/2002)
4.	Wenzel, J: 8 articles (11/2011 - 07/2005)
5.	Tüting, T: 8 articles (11/2011 - 07/2005)
6.	Bieber, T: 8 articles (11/2011 - 07/2005)
7.	Wenzel, Joerg: 7 articles (07/2014 - 03/2005)
8.	Tüting, Thomas: 7 articles (01/2011 - 03/2005)
9.	Doria, A: 6 articles (07/2011 - 06/2004)
10.	Bieber, Thomas: 6 articles (01/2011 - 03/2005)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus:

1.	Antimalarials (Antimalarial Agents)IBA 03/01/2009 - "Treatment with antimalarial drugs resulted in a significant reduction in the Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index score, from 4 (range, 2-8) at baseline to 1 (range, 0-6) after 3 months of therapy (P < .001). " 04/01/2015 - "Interaction between smoking and efficacy of antimalarials, the mainstay of treatment for cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), remains controversial. " 06/01/2012 - "Smoking seems to inhibit the therapeutic efficacy of antimalarials when treating cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), but the reason behind this observation is unclear. " 01/01/1998 - "There is no consensus about an effective and safe treatment for patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LE) who are refractory to antimalarials and/or low-dose oral glucocorticosteroids. " 08/01/2015 - "Toll-like receptor-9 signaling and decreased efficacy of antimalarial drugs in smokers with cutaneous lupus erythematosus."
2.	Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/2012 - "To study the relation between blood concentration of hydroxychloroquine and the clinical efficacy of hydroxychloroquine sulfate in a series of patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). " 04/01/2014 - "Beneficial effect of hydroxychloroquine on cutaneous lupus erythematosus in a Japanese girl." 06/01/2012 - "Hydroxychloroquine and smoking in patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus." 06/01/2012 - "Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is used as the first-line systemic treatment for severe, widespread or refractory cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) in many countries. " 04/01/2012 - "Low blood concentration of hydroxychloroquine in patients with refractory cutaneous lupus erythematosus: a French multicenter prospective study."
3.	Tacrolimus (Prograf)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2011 - "Efficacy of tacrolimus 0.1% ointment in cutaneous lupus erythematosus: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled trial." 04/01/2005 - "[Topical treatment of subacute-cutaneous lupus erythematosus with tacrolimus]." 01/01/2004 - "0.1% Tacrolimus ointment in a patient with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus." 04/01/2003 - "Topical tacrolimus for cutaneous lupus erythematosus." 01/01/2003 - "Topical tacrolimus as a therapeutic adjunct in patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus. "
4.	Thalidomide (Thalomid)FDA Link 11/01/2013 - "Lower-dose thalidomide therapy effectively treats cutaneous lupus erythematosus but is limited by neuropathic toxicity." 03/01/2012 - "Although thalidomide has been shown to be effective in patients with refractory cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), its use is still hampered by its potential severe side-effects and the current restricted availability. " 11/01/2008 - "The study's aims were to measure variations in sural nerve sensory action potential (SAP) amplitude in patients with refractory cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) treated with thalidomide and use these findings to identify the neurotoxic potential of thalidomide and the recovery capacity of sensory fibres after discontinuation of treatment. " 04/01/2015 - "Thalidomide: Still an important second-line treatment in refractory cutaneous lupus erythematosus?" 03/01/2012 - "Thalidomide in the treatment of refractory cutaneous lupus erythematosus: prognostic factors of clinical outcome."
5.	Isotretinoin (Accutane)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/1986 - "Isotretinoin is a clinically effective short-term therapy for chronic or possibly for subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus. " 05/01/2012 - "Treatment of refractory subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus with oral isotretinoin: a valid therapeutic option." 10/01/1990 - "Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus response to isotretinoin." 06/01/1989 - "In the light of these results, isotretinoin can be considered as an effective and well-tolerated drug in the treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus." 06/01/1989 - "[Use of oral isotretinoin in the treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus]."
6.	DapsoneFDA Link 11/01/2008 - "We have previously reported that diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS; dapsone) can bring about significant clinical improvement in patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). " 01/01/2001 - "The affected gland was excised and the cutaneous lupus erythematosus was improved considerably by oral Dapsone." 08/01/1996 - "Widespread pruritic plaques in a patient with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus and hypocomplementemia: response to dapsone therapy." 04/01/1996 - "We describe 2 patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus who developed severe dapsone reaction after low dose therapy, with a fatal outcome in one. " 04/01/1996 - "Dapsone syndrome in cutaneous lupus erythematosus."
7.	mycophenolate mofetil (Cellcept)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2011 - "Efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil in antimalarial-resistant cutaneous lupus erythematosus." 11/01/2013 - "Few studies have evaluated the effects and precise molecular mechanism of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in the treatment of human cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). " 11/01/2013 - "Effects of mycophenolate mofetil on cutaneous lupus erythematosus in (NZB × NZW) F1 mice." 12/01/2002 - "Mycophenolate mofetil for the treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus with smoldering systemic involvement." 07/01/2002 - "Successful treatment of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus with mycophenolate mofetil."
8.	AcitretinFDA Link 06/01/1988 - "It is concluded that acitretin is a highly effective and well-tolerated drug in the treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus." 06/01/1988 - "Efficiency of acitretin in the treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus." 11/01/1992 - "A randomized, double-blind, multicentre study was performed to compare the efficacy of acitretin (50 mg/day) with hydroxychloroquine (400 mg/day) in 28 and 30 patients, respectively, suffering from cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LE). " 11/01/1992 - "Treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus with acitretin and hydroxychloroquine."
9.	Immunoglobulins (Immunoglobulin)IBA 03/16/2015 - "Efficacy of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Monotherapy in Patients with Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: Results of Proof-of-Concept Study." 06/01/2007 - "Intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of resistant subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus: a possible alternative." 01/01/2005 - "Intravenous immunoglobulin for recalcitrant subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus." 09/01/1999 - "High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin in cutaneous lupus erythematosus." 01/01/1982 - "[Immunoglobulin deposits in vascular walls in cutaneous lupus erythematosus. "
10.	pimecrolimus (Elidel)FDA Link 04/01/2012 - "The study suggests that pimecrolimus 1% cream has significant efficacy profile for treatment option of cutaneous lupus erythematosus." 09/01/2004 - "We suggest that pimecrolimus 1% cream could be an efficacious and safe treatment option for cutaneous lupus erythematosus." 09/01/2004 - "Pimecrolimus 1% cream for cutaneous lupus erythematosus." 09/01/2010 - "A case of herpes zoster during pimecrolimus use for the treatment of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus." 08/01/2005 - "In addition, pimecrolimus has been successfully used in inflammatory skin diseases other than AD, including seborrheic dermatitis, intertriginous psoriasis, lichen planus and cutaneous lupus erythematosus."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Plasmapheresis 06/01/2008 - "Efficacy of plasmapheresis in the treatment of refractory toxic epidermal necrolysis-like acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus." 01/01/2013 - "A case of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus in a patient with mixed connective tissue disease: successful treatment with plasmapheresis and rituximab."
2.	Immunomodulation 01/01/1987 - "Due to its influence on dermal inflammatory processes and immunomodulation of the tissue response, etretinate is effective in cutaneous lupus erythematosus, certain bullous disorders like pemphigus herpetiformis, the persistent variant of Grover's disease, dermatitis herpetiformis, and bullous pemphigoid. "
3.	Intravenous Infusions 10/01/2013 - "We undertook a 2-part, phase I, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of multiple intravenous infusions of sirukumab, a human anti-interleukin-6 monoclonal antibody, in patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). "
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 01/01/2014 - "Drug-induced subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus is an uncommon disorder associated with the use of pharmacological agents including systemic chemotherapy. " 09/01/2013 - "Drug-induced subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus--filling the gap in knowledge: comment on "subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus induced by chemotherapy"." 10/01/2010 - "Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus exacerbated or induced by chemotherapy." 11/01/2011 - "Less common, but growing in recognition, are the development of secondary cutaneous neoplasms and subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus as a result of chemotherapy. " 05/01/2011 - "Occurrence of the eruption in both cases with relapse of the neoplasia and its improvement after oncological treatment reinforced the diagnosis of paraneoplastic syndrome in one case, and the use of chemotherapy known to trigger lupus could have suggested a diagnosis of drug-induced subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus. "
5.	Dye Lasers 01/01/2014 - "Pulsed dye laser (PDL) has been used in adults to treat refractory cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). " 01/01/2014 - "Pediatric cutaneous lupus erythematosus treated with pulsed dye laser." 07/01/2011 - "Commentary: Treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus using the pulsed dye laser." 07/01/2011 - "Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of cutaneous lupus erythematosus after pulsed dye laser treatment." 12/01/1999 - "Cutaneous lupus erythematosus-treatment with pulsed dye laser."