LDL Lipoproteins (beta Lipoproteins)

A class of lipoproteins of small size (18-25 nm) and light (1.019-1.063 g/ml) particles with a core composed mainly of CHOLESTEROL ESTERS and smaller amounts of TRIGLYCERIDES. The surface monolayer consists mostly of PHOSPHOLIPIDS, a single copy of APOLIPOPROTEIN B-100, and free cholesterol molecules. The main LDL function is to transport cholesterol and cholesterol esters to extrahepatic tissues.

Also Known As:

Networked: 1730 relevant articles (29 outcomes, 113 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Rizzo, Manfredi: 14 articles (07/2015 - 06/2006)
2.	Lankin, V Z: 9 articles (01/2012 - 02/2000)
3.	Tikhaze, A K: 9 articles (01/2012 - 02/2000)
4.	Berneis, Kaspar: 8 articles (11/2012 - 06/2006)
5.	Konovalova, G G: 8 articles (01/2012 - 02/2000)
6.	Leonarduzzi, Gabriella: 7 articles (08/2015 - 01/2005)
7.	Poli, Giuseppe: 7 articles (08/2015 - 01/2005)
8.	Kukharchuk, V V: 7 articles (01/2013 - 02/2000)
9.	Gamba, Paola: 6 articles (08/2015 - 01/2005)
10.	Titov, V N: 6 articles (02/2013 - 12/2001)

Related Diseases

1.	Atherosclerosis 03/12/2013 - "Oxidative modifications of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) have a determinant role in atherogenesis and the study of agents that can modulate LDL oxidation is of pharmacological and therapeutic significance. " 09/01/2005 - "PEA is physiologically present in the mammalian blood at concentrations ranging from 9.4 to 16.7 pmol/ml. Since increasing evidence indicates that oxidative modification of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) is an important determinant in atherogenesis, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of physiologically relevant concentrations of PEA on Cu2+-induced LDL oxidation (measured as conjugated dienes formation). " 04/01/2004 - "Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) were radiolabeled in atherosclerosis studies. " 08/07/2000 - "Numerous studies have suggested the involvement of oxidative processes in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and especially of oxidised low density lipoproteins. " 12/01/1994 - "The aim of the present study was to determine if low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and red blood cell (RBC) membranes from diabetic patients present an increased susceptibility to lipoperoxidation, which might be related to the increased incidence of atherosclerosis in diabetes. "
2.	Cardiovascular Diseases (Cardiovascular Disease) 11/01/2002 - "Given that intermediate density and low density lipoproteins represent the most atherogenic fraction, this finding, in combination with the improved lipid and antioxidant status, would add to the link between regular physical activity and protection against cardiovascular disease." 01/01/2009 - "LP is associated with elevated concentration of modified low-density lipoproteins that are implicated in development of cardiovascular disease. " 06/01/2005 - "According to a current paradigm cardiovascular diseases can be initiated by exposure of vascular cells to qualitatively modified low-density lipoproteins (LDL). " 04/15/2004 - "Lipophilic compounds contained in tomato can prevent cardiovascular diseases by modulating the atherogenic processes in vascular endothelium mediated by oxidized low-density lipoproteins (LDLs). " 04/01/2004 - "Small dense low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) should be considered a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but there is still no recommended method for measuring them or expressing clinical values. "
3.	Hypercholesterolemia 01/01/2002 - "In hypercholesterolemia, a systemic deficit of NO may also increase the levels of low density lipoproteins (LDL) by modulating its synthesis and metabolism by the liver, as suggested by recent in vivo and in vitro studies using organic NO donors. " 01/01/2013 - "Hypercholesterolemia and pro-atherogenic low density lipoproteins (LDL) contribute to beta-cell dysfunction and apoptosis in the context of Type 2 diabetes. " 01/01/2011 - "The advantages of this new diagnostic method include: (i) identification of the existence of a non-atherogenic hyper-betalipoproteinemia LDL1,2 in examined hypercholesterolemic subjects with untreated hypercholesterolemia (ii) introduction of a new risk measure, the score for anti-atherogenic risk (SAAR), for the estimation of atherogenic/anti-atherogenic risk. " 01/01/2011 - "Individuals with this type of hypercholesterolemia, or hyper-betalipoproteinemia LDL1,2, are probably not at increased risk to develop a premature atherothrombosis or a sudden cardiovascular event. " 04/01/2007 - "Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) accumulate and are oxidized to proinflammatory compounds in the arterial intima during hypercholesterolemia, leading to activation of endothelial cells, macrophages, and T cells. "
4.	Dyslipidemias (Dyslipidemia) 12/01/2013 - "Among those with dyslipidemia, the use of statins increased from 81% to 87.1%, and the percentage of patients with low density lipoproteins (LDL) <2.6 mmol/L increased from 40% to 54.7%. " 02/01/2011 - "However, the molecular aspects of the dyslipidemia-induced renal damage have not been fully clarified and in particular the role played by low-density lipoproteins (LDLs). " 04/01/2009 - "Dysregulation of fat metabolism in the liver with overproduction of very-low-density lipoprotein 1 (VLDL1) particles is considered the hallmark of the dyslipidemia of the metabolic syndrome. " 04/01/2011 - "Dyslipidemia, including a higher burden related to small low-density lipoproteins (LDL), plays an important role in precipitating atherosclerosis in both males and females. " 01/01/2014 - "Dyslipidemias characterized mainly by elevated levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins are identified in the majority of present-day CVs. "
5.	Atherosclerotic Plaque (Atheroma) 10/01/2012 - "Foam cells develop from monocytes that enter the nascent atheroma and subsequently ingest modified low density lipoproteins (LDL). " 08/16/2010 - "Oxysterols, the major components of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDLs), are present in atherosclerotic plaque and are suggested to play an active role in plaque development. " 04/01/2009 - "Oxysterols found in oxidized low-density lipoproteins are probably involved in the appearance of atheroma; some are cytotoxic and some able to induce cytokine secretion. " 12/01/2008 - "Macrophage lipid accumulation induced by low density lipoproteins (LDL) plays a pivotal role in atherosclerotic plaque development. " 06/01/2008 - "The uptake of OxLDLs (oxidized low density lipoproteins) by CD36-expressing macrophages in the arterial intima and the subsequent 'foam cell' formation represents a crucial step in the initiation and development of atherosclerotic plaques. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	HDL Lipoproteins
2.	Cholesterol
3.	Lipoproteins (Lipoprotein)
4.	Triglycerides (Triacylglycerol)
5.	Lipids
6.	Apolipoproteins B (ApoB)
7.	LDL Cholesterol
8.	LDL Receptors (LDL Receptor)
9.	Antioxidants
10.	Glucose (Dextrose)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Blood Component Removal (Apheresis)
2.	Immunomodulation
3.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
4.	Transplants (Transplant)
5.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis)