Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca

Drying and inflammation of the conjunctiva as a result of insufficient lacrimal secretion. When found in association with XEROSTOMIA and polyarthritis, it is called SJOGREN'S SYNDROME.

Also Known As:

Networked: 357 relevant articles (32 outcomes, 33 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Xerostomia
2.	Keratitis
3.	Inflammation
4.	Eye Diseases (Eye Disease)
5.	Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

Experts

1.	Zhang, Lei: 6 articles (12/2014 - 02/2002)
2.	Chuck, Roy S: 6 articles (01/2009 - 01/2006)
3.	Yu, Guang-Yan: 5 articles (12/2014 - 09/2007)
4.	Lekhanont, Kaevalin: 5 articles (02/2007 - 01/2006)
5.	Gilger, Brian C: 4 articles (05/2015 - 02/2005)
6.	Park, Choul Yong: 4 articles (01/2009 - 01/2007)
7.	Rangsin, Ram: 4 articles (02/2007 - 01/2006)
8.	Cai, Zhi-Gang: 3 articles (12/2014 - 09/2007)
9.	Mao, Chi: 3 articles (09/2013 - 02/2002)
10.	Peng, Xin: 3 articles (09/2013 - 02/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca:

1.	Cyclosporine (Ciclosporin)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/2005 - "The cyclosporine implant was effective in a canine model of keratoconjunctivitis sicca, with all animals able to discontinue topical cyclosporine and maintain normal Schirmer scores over a 6-month follow-up. " 10/01/2014 - "We aimed to investigate the efficacy of 0.05 % topical cyclosporine A in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca due to primary and secondary SS. " 10/01/2014 - "Although the place of systemic drugs in keratoconjunctivitis sicca treatment has been discussed, the efficacy of some topical drugs has also been demonstrated; however, there are contradictory results related to topical cyclosporine A. " 01/01/1998 - "A dose-ranging clinical trial to assess the safety and efficacy of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. " 11/11/1995 - "The results are reported of a six-week clinical trial of the efficacy of 0.2 per cent cyclosporine ophthalmic ointment for the treatment of chronic idiopathic keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs in the United Kingdom, Germany and France. "
2.	Ophthalmic Solutions (Eye Drops)IBA 09/01/1978 - "The removal of the mass caused severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca, which could only be helped with frequent applications of artificial tears." 12/01/2001 - "This study was performed to test viscoelastic artificial tears (VAT) based on both subjective and clinical parameters in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). " 05/01/2015 - "Serum eye drops should be included in the modern armamentarium against keratoconjunctivitis sicca, and, hopefully, their eventual widespread application will result in coverage by most if not all insurance funds. " 05/01/2015 - "Therefore, autologous blood serum in the form of eye drops can provide substantial help in the management of keratoconjunctivitis sicca. " 10/01/2013 - "Punctal plugs versus artificial tears for treating primary Sjögren's syndrome with keratoconjunctivitis SICCA: a comparative observation of their effects on visual function."
3.	pimecrolimus (Elidel)FDA Link 01/01/2005 - "Results of this exploratory study suggest that topical 1% pimecrolimus may be a new effective treatment for keratoconjunctivitis sicca and chronic superficial keratitis in dogs." 01/01/2005 - "This study evaluated the efficacy of an experimental ophthalmic formulation of pimecrolimus in treating keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) and chronic superficial keratitis (CSK) in dogs. " 01/01/2005 - "The effect of topical pimecrolimus on keratoconjunctivitis sicca and chronic superficial keratitis in dogs: results from an exploratory study." 01/01/2009 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of pimecrolimus oil-based eye drops in alleviating the clinical signs of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in dogs and to compare the efficacy with that of cyclosporine A (CsA) ointment. " 01/01/2009 - "Clinical evaluation of pimecrolimus eye drops for treatment of canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca: a comparison with cyclosporine A."
4.	Tretinoin (Retinoic Acid)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/1995 - "Previous studies of topical retinoic acid for treatment of ocular surface disease met with limited success due to instability and irritancy of the retinoid and lack of efficacy in keratoconjunctivitis sicca. " 01/01/1985 - "We have demonstrated the clinical efficacy of topical all-trans retinoic acid ointment in the treatment of four severe cases of the following dry eye disorders: Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, drug-induced pseudopemphigoid, surgery-induced dry eye. " 01/01/1992 - "We report the effects of CBS-211 A, a synthetic retinoic acid analog, on a previously described experimental model of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in the rabbit. " 01/01/1992 - "Beneficial effects of a retinoic acid analog, CBS-211 A, on an experimental model of keratoconjunctivitis sicca." 02/01/1989 - "The authors evaluated the efficacy of all-trans retinoic acid (vitamin A) ointment as a treatment for keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in a group of 11 patients selected on the basis of clinical history, slit-lamp examination results, rose Bengal staining, and tear film osmolarity. "
5.	SteroidsIBA 11/01/2000 - "To analyze the efficacy of topical nonpreserved steroids before punctal occlusion in the treatment of severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca associated with Sjögren's syndrome. " 01/01/1996 - "This study demonstrates that functional disorders of tear film with symptoms of keratoconjunctivitis sicca are "relatively often" related to ovarian steroids- and therefore to gynecological practice." 11/01/2000 - "[Nonpreserved topical steroids and lacrimal punctal occlusion for severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca]." 11/01/1979 - "Satisfactory improvement in xerostomia, keratoconjunctivitis sicca and other laboratory data occurred on prolonged administration of adrenal steroids and cyclophosphamide."
6.	Rose BengalIBA 05/01/2010 - "Rose bengal staining of the temporal conjunctiva differentiates Sjögren's syndrome from keratoconjunctivitis sicca." 12/01/2000 - "A small sample was evaluated by Schirmer-I test, tear film break up time (BUT) and Rose Bengal score for keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) and unstimulated salivary flow rate was performed. " 01/01/1997 - "The diagnosis of keratoconjunctivitis sicca is made by Schrimer's test, Rose bengal dye staining and by the "tear break up time". " 01/01/1997 - "Objective keratoconjunctivitis sicca was confirmed by the Schirmer and Rose-Bengal tests. " 12/01/1995 - "Lissamine green is better tolerated than rose bengal by patients and is equally as effective as rose bengal in evaluating the ocular surface in keratoconjunctivitis sicca."
7.	Fluorescein (Funduscein)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2000 - "Topical nonpreserved steroid therapy for two weeks before punctal occlusion is effective in controlling symptoms and corneal fluorescein staining in patients with severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca associated with Sjögren's syndrome." 03/01/2010 - "To describe, apply, and test a new ocular grading system for assessing keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) using lissamine green and fluorescein. " 09/01/1999 - "Schirmer 1 tear testing, corneal fluorescein staining and conjunctival impression cytology for quantitation of goblet cell density were performed in ten patients with Sjögren's syndrome-associated keratoconjunctivitis sicca and ten asymptomatic normal controls. " 10/01/1986 - "II. Quantitative analysis of the fluorescein test and other clinical features in keratoconjunctivitis sicca]." 01/01/1992 - "Adherence of fluorescein sodium dye to diseased epithelial cells, a hitherto unreported phenomenon, was captured in photomicrographs in severe herpes zoster and keratoconjunctivitis sicca keratopathies. "
8.	Hyaluronic Acid (Hyaluronan)IBA 01/01/2012 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a hyaluronic acid containing eye drop in ameliorating ocular surface pathology and discomfort in canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). " 12/01/2000 - "Improvement of the ocular surface using hypotonic 0.4% hyaluronic acid drops in keratoconjunctivitis sicca." 04/01/1989 - "Sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca. " 04/01/1989 - "The effect of sodium hyaluronate eye drops in the treatment of severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) was evaluated in a double masked crossover trial, comparing the effect of a 0.1% solution, a 0.2% solution and placebo in 20 patients. " 02/01/2006 - "Keratoconjunctivitis sicca patients received 0.1% prednisolone drops in one eye and 0.1% hyaluronic acid drops in the other, 3 times a day for 28 days. "
9.	LactoferrinIBA 04/01/1989 - "In this study we tried to evaluate the diagnostic value of lactoferrin measurement in comparison with other tests for keratoconjunctivitis sicca. " 07/01/1996 - "To assess the sensitivity and specificity of the lactoferrin tear test (LTT) in the diagnosis of keratoconjunctivitis sicca due to Sjögren's syndrome (SS), comparing it with the other lacrimal tests and with immunological tests. " 11/01/1994 - "Both assays showed a significant decrease in tear lactoferrin concentration in patients with severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca when compared to normal patients. " 11/01/1994 - "We compared measurement of lactoferrin concentration by the LactoCard solid phase ELISA assay with the LactoPlate radial immunodiffusion assay in tears of normal patients and those with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. " 11/01/1994 - "Rapid assay of lactoferrin in keratoconjunctivitis sicca."
10.	Linseed Oil (Flaxseed Oil)IBA 01/01/2013 - "The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of various linseed oil (LO) preparations (oral, topical, oral and topical combined) in treating experimentally induced keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in rabbits. " 01/01/2013 - "Use of linseed oil to treat experimentally induced keratoconjunctivitis sicca in rabbits." 07/01/2007 - "Therapy with oral flaxseed oil capsules 1 or 2 g/day reduces ocular surface inflammation and ameliorates the symptoms of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in Sjögren's syndrome patients. " 07/01/2007 - "To evaluate if oral flaxseed oil (Linum usitatissimum), which reduces the inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis, may help keratoconjunctivitis sicca's treatment in Sjögren's syndrome patients. " 10/01/2015 - "To evaluate the effectiveness of topical 1% cyclosporine eye drops diluted in either of the two vehicles-olive and linseed oil-and that of the oils themselves in treating experimentally-induced keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in rabbits. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 02/25/2002 - "Transplantation of autologous vascularized SMG is effective in treating severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca." 09/01/2012 - "An experimental study of the management of severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca with autologous reduced-sized submandibular gland transplantation." 12/01/2014 - "A total of 161 patients (174 eyes) with keratoconjunctivitis sicca underwent microvascular SMG transplantation. " 04/01/2013 - "Thirty-seven patients (39 eyes) with severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca who underwent SMG transplantation in an institutional setting were included. " 09/01/2012 - "In conclusion, transplantation of a reduced submandibular glands is feasible in the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca."
2.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 08/01/2007 - "After treatment with rituximab, there was a marked improvement in their keratoconjunctivitis sicca and in other systemic manifestations of the disease. " 04/01/2015 - "Clinical and light microscopic studies of the conjunctival tissues of dogs with bilateral keratoconjunctivitis sicca before and after treatment with topical 2% cyclosporine." 12/01/1995 - "Cellular immunity in dogs with keratoconjunctivitis sicca before and after treatment with topical 2% cyclosporine." 09/01/1979 - "Tear osmolarity and Rose Bengal staining were studied in a group of patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) before and after treatment with isotonic and one-half isotonic saline to compare treatment with these two solutions and to ascertain whether tear film osmolarity could be correlated with ocular surface disease. "
3.	Topical Administration 05/01/2002 - "To evaluate the efficacy of topical administration of a 2% solution of cyclosporine (CsA) for treatment of dogs with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) and to correlate results with histopathologic characteristics and local cellular immunity of the gland of the third eyelid. " 10/01/2014 - "In humans suffering from keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye), topical administration of diquafosol improves corneal epithelial integrity and stabilises the tear film. " 07/01/1995 - "The effect that topical administration of cyclosporine would have on the number and type of microorganisms isolated from the corneal surface of dogs with keratoconjunctivitis sicca was studied. " 10/15/1991 - "Sixty dogs with chronic keratoconjunctivitis sicca were treated by topical administration of 2% cyclosporine twice daily. " 10/15/1991 - "Topical administration of cyclosporine for treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs."
4.	Autologous Transplantation 07/01/2014 - "Autologous transplantation of submandibular gland (SMG) is effective for severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). " 09/01/2013 - "Microvascular autologous transplantation of partial submandibular gland for severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca." 09/01/2007 - "Our objective was to evaluate the role of (99m)Tc-pertechnetate scintigraphy on microvascular autologous transplantation of the submandibular gland in patients with severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). " 09/01/2007 - "Application of 99mTc-pertechnetate scintigraphy to microvascular autologous transplantation of the submandibular gland in patients with severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca." 09/01/2013 - "To evaluate the feasibility of microvascular autologous transplantation of partial submandibular gland (SMG) to prevent or reduce epiphora in severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). "
5.	Immunomodulation 11/01/2004 - "In the prevention and treatment of transplant rejection after keratoplasty, many attempts to introduce topical immunomodulatory therapy have failed; on the other hand, further therapeutic options not primarily expected are being evaluated today such as treatment of severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca. " 08/01/2004 - "Immunomodulation has been shown to be effective in treating patients with moderate to severe dry eye disease caused by keratoconjunctivitis sicca. "