Keratoacanthoma

A benign, non-neoplastic, usually self-limiting epithelial lesion closely resembling squamous cell carcinoma clinically and histopathologically. It occurs in solitary, multiple, and eruptive forms. The solitary and multiple forms occur on sunlight exposed areas and are identical histologically; they affect primarily white males. The eruptive form usually involves both sexes and appears as a generalized papular eruption.

Also Known As:

Networked: 419 relevant articles (24 outcomes, 31 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
2.	Basal Cell Carcinoma (Rodent Ulcer)
3.	Actinic Keratosis
4.	Skin Diseases
5.	Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Epidermoid Carcinoma)

Experts

1.	Cohen, Philip R: 4 articles (09/2014 - 11/2005)
2.	Robert, Caroline: 4 articles (04/2014 - 08/2009)
3.	Batinac, Tanja: 4 articles (03/2013 - 01/2006)
4.	Dummer, Reinhard: 3 articles (03/2014 - 04/2011)
5.	Li, Tao: 3 articles (02/2014 - 12/2003)
6.	Hadzisejdic, Ita: 3 articles (11/2006 - 01/2006)
7.	Zamolo, Gordana: 3 articles (11/2006 - 01/2006)
8.	Li, Xinmin: 2 articles (06/2015 - 03/2013)
9.	Forslund, Ola: 2 articles (06/2015 - 08/2003)
10.	Ra, Seong H: 2 articles (06/2015 - 03/2013)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Keratoacanthoma:

1.	Methotrexate (Mexate)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/1991 - "We report an open, noncontrolled study of nine consecutive patients with unusually large or strategically located solitary keratoacanthomas treated successfully with intralesional methotrexate. " 06/01/1995 - "Two such cases of large keratoacanthoma of the nose were treated successfully with intralesional methotrexate. " 05/01/2012 - "Intralesional methotrexate (IL-MTX) is an effective treatment for keratoacanthoma. " 06/01/2007 - "Intralesional methotrexate (MTX) is an effective treatment for keratoacanthoma (KA). " 02/19/1994 - "[Effective treatment of recurrent keratoacanthoma using methotrexate]."
2.	Fluorouracil (Carac)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2014 - "To determine the efficacy of treating patients with a recent onset, biopsy-proven keratoacanthoma with short-contact topical 5% 5-fluorouracil cream twice daily until resolution. " 12/01/1991 - "Intralesional therapy, particularly with 5-fluorouracil, has been shown to be effective in the treatment of keratoacanthomas. " 05/01/1986 - "Intralesional 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has been shown to be an effective treatment for keratoacanthoma. " 11/01/2014 - "Clinical efficacy of short contact topical 5-Fluorouracil in the treatment of keratoacanthomas: a retrospective analysis." 11/01/2014 - "The authors performed a retrospective analysis of 10 patients with biopsy-confirmed keratoacanthomas treated with topical 5-fluorouracil. "
3.	RetinoidsIBA 11/01/1990 - "Thus oral retinoids are only partially beneficial for the treatment of the Grzybowski type or the Witten and Zak type of multiple eruptive keratoacanthomas." 02/01/2014 - "Clearance of BRAF inhibitor-associated keratoacanthomas by systemic retinoids." 04/01/2002 - "The efficacy of retinoids, previously reported in the treatment of solitary giant keratoacanthoma, multiple keratoacanthoma and keratoacanthoma centrifugum marginatum, was demonstrated even in this handicapping form of keratoacanthoma." 08/16/2013 - "Systemic retinoids for recurrent keratoacanthomas." 11/01/1990 - "Two patients with multiple keratoacanthomas were treated with oral retinoids. "
4.	Isotretinoin (Accutane)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/1994 - "Oral isotretinoin (Accutane, Roche Laboratories) has been reported to be an effective treatment of multiple as well as solitary keratoacanthomas. " 11/01/2008 - "The authors report of a man with multiple eruptive keratoacanthomas of Grzybowski who responded favorably to oral isotretinoin therapy. " 11/01/2008 - "Generalized eruptive keratoacanthomas of Grzybowski treated with isotretinoin." 08/01/1994 - "A 45-year-old man with a large keratoacanthoma on the nasal ala, recurrent after surgical excision, was treated with 1 mg/kg/day (80 mg/day) oral isotretinoin (Accutane). " 08/01/1994 - "Treatment of a recurrent keratoacanthoma with oral isotretinoin."
5.	Tretinoin (Retinoic Acid)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2014 - "Spontaneous tumour regression in keratoacanthomas is driven by Wnt/retinoic acid signalling cross-talk." 07/01/2011 - "Treatment of keratoacanthoma centrifugum marginatum with topical tretinoin." 10/01/1970 - "The uptake of labeled vitamin A acid in keratoacanthoma. " 08/01/1967 - "The effect of vitamin A acid on hyperkeratinization and the keratoacanthoma." 08/01/1971 - "Modification of the effect of vitamin A acid on the skin tumor keratoacanthoma by applications of actinomcin D."
6.	AcitretinFDA Link 02/01/2015 - "Acitretin induces remission in generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma of Grzybowski." 07/01/2010 - "The authors report a patient who developed multiple, eruptive keratoacanthomas in the red ink portions of a tattoo and was successfully treated with acitretin." 11/01/2006 - "Multiple palmar keratoacanthomas treated with acitretin." 11/01/2007 - "A case of Ferguson-Smith type multiple keratoacanthomas associated with keratoacanthoma centrifugum marginatum: response to oral acitretin." 08/01/2014 - "Regression of B-RAF inhibitor associated keratoacanthomas by acitretin - how do retinoids act on the RAF/MEK/ERK-signaling pathway?"
7.	Cyclosporine (Ciclosporin)FDA LinkGeneric 07/07/1990 - "[Multiple keratoacanthoma during cyclosporin therapy]." 11/01/2004 - "We report two patients with explosive basal cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma development, respectively, within 3 months of initiation of cyclosporine. " 11/01/2004 - "Early and explosive development of nodular basal cell carcinoma and multiple keratoacanthomas in psoriasis patients treated with cyclosporine." 09/01/2013 - "Four patients had an associated eczematous dermatitis and were also treated with cyclosporine with improvement in pruritus and prurigo nodules and no increase in keratoacanthomas. " 07/01/2014 - "Multiple reactive keratoacanthomas in a patient with hypertrophic lichen planus treated with cyclosporine: successful treatment with acitretin."
8.	1-phenyl-3,3-dimethyltriazene (PDT)IBA 03/01/2012 - "There is also anecdotal evidence suggesting the efficacy of PDT for the treatment of keratoacanthomas (KA). " 09/01/2006 - "We present a case of a patient developing a keratoacanthoma immediately following PDT for AKs." 08/01/2003 - "PDD and PDT were used for diagnostics and treatment of different dermatoses (basal cell carcinomas, malignant melanoma metastases, verrucae vulgares, keratoacanthomas, solitary lesions of T lymphoma--mycosis fungoides, m. "
9.	Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2005 - "Grzybowski's generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma: remission with cyclophosphamide." 05/01/1997 - "Generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma of Grzybowski: response to cyclophosphamide."
10.	PodophyllinIBA 09/01/1983 - "The use of podophyllin in the treatment of keratoacanthoma." 09/01/1983 - "Keratoacanthoma can be treated successfully with podophyllin, which has been used in cutaneous tumors for well over a century and has been in use for a much longer time. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Photochemotherapy (Photodynamic Therapy) 03/01/2012 - "Efficacy of topical photodynamic therapy for keratoacanthomas: a case-series of four patients." 11/01/1999 - "Efficacy of topical photodynamic therapy of a giant keratoacanthoma demonstrated by partial irradiation." 12/01/2015 - "Commentary on Eruptive Keratoacanthomas After Photodynamic Therapy." 12/01/2015 - "Eruptive Keratoacanthomas After Photodynamic Therapy." 08/01/2010 - "Keratoacanthoma aggravated after photodynamic therapy."
2.	Mohs Surgery (Mohs' Micrographic Surgery) 02/01/2012 - "Mohs micrographic surgery appears to be an effective option in the management of this unusual variant of keratoacanthoma, which is often difficult to eradicate." 02/01/2012 - "Recurrent distal digital keratoacanthoma of the periungual region treated with Mohs micrographic surgery." 08/01/2009 - "Mohs micrographic surgery is a logical treatment option for giant keratoacanthomas. " 08/01/2009 - "Giant keratoacanthoma of the upper extremity treated with mohs micrographic surgery: a case report and review of current treatment modalities." 09/01/2007 - "Mohs micrographic surgery for an unusual case of keratoacanthoma arising from a longstanding tattoo."
3.	Solid-State Lasers 12/01/2004 - "The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of Er:YAG laser surgery combined with topical 5-fluorouracil treatment in a case of recurrent giant keratoacanthoma. " 12/01/2004 - "Combined 5-fluorouracil and Er:YAG laser treatment in a case of recurrent giant keratoacanthoma of the lower leg." 12/01/2004 - "The combined use of ablative Er:YAG laser and topical 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy may be considered as an effective treatment option in cases of giant keratoacanthoma when conventional surgery is not indicated."
4.	Neoadjuvant Therapy 01/01/2014 - "Imiquimod as neoadjuvant treatment for giant keratoacanthoma arising on a background of lupus vulgaris." 10/01/2011 - "[Intralesional infusion of methotrexate as neoadjuvant therapy improves the cosmetic and functional results of surgery to treat keratoacanthoma: results of a randomized trial]."
5.	Intralesional Infusions 10/01/2011 - "[Intralesional infusion of methotrexate as neoadjuvant therapy improves the cosmetic and functional results of surgery to treat keratoacanthoma: results of a randomized trial]."