Keratan Sulfate

A sulfated mucopolysaccharide initially isolated from bovine cornea. At least two types are known. Type I, found mostly in the cornea, contains D-galactose and D-glucosamine-6-O-sulfate as the repeating unit; type II, found in skeletal tissues, contains D-galactose and D-galactosamine-6-O-sulfate as the repeating unit.

Also Known As:

Networked: 200 relevant articles (2 outcomes, 15 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Tomatsu, Shunji: 13 articles (01/2015 - 12/2003)
2.	Kadomatsu, Kenji: 10 articles (12/2015 - 08/2006)
3.	Orii, Tadao: 9 articles (01/2015 - 12/2003)
4.	Montaño, Adriana M: 8 articles (01/2015 - 07/2007)
5.	Yamaguchi, Seiji: 6 articles (01/2015 - 12/2003)
6.	Suzuki, Yasuyuki: 6 articles (01/2015 - 04/2004)
7.	Giugliani, Roberto: 5 articles (05/2015 - 01/2004)
8.	Ishiguro, Naoki: 5 articles (04/2015 - 04/2010)
9.	Imagama, Shiro: 5 articles (04/2015 - 03/2009)
10.	Zhang, Haoqian: 5 articles (11/2011 - 08/2006)

Related Diseases

1.	Rheumatoid Arthritis 05/01/1994 - "To correlate the serum levels of keratan sulfate (KS) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with different clinical and radiographic variables. " 05/01/1994 - "Serum keratan sulfate levels in rheumatoid arthritis: inverse correlation with radiographic staging." 06/01/1990 - "Single analyses of peripheral blood of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients showed a significant reduction in the mean value for keratan sulfate (KS) compared with that in control subjects, but the mean value for orosomucoid (OM) was elevated compared with that in control subjects. " 08/01/1995 - "To measure serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), and tissue inhibitor of MMP-1 (TIMP-1) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in age-matched control subjects, and to determine how these correlate with serum levels of antigenic keratan sulfate (KS) and other biochemical and clinical indicators of disease activity. " 04/01/1991 - "The concentration of keratan sulfate (KS) epitope was measured in the serum of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared with that in the serum of patients with primary fibromyalgia syndrome (PFS) and of controls who had no joint disease. "
2.	Inflammation 08/01/1995 - "Relationship to serum levels of antigenic keratan sulfate and systemic parameters of inflammation." 10/22/2010 - "Keratan sulfate suppresses cartilage damage and ameliorates inflammation in an experimental mice arthritis model." 09/01/2005 - "By controlling the interlamellar spacing, keratan sulfate plays a role in postoperative edema, remodeling of the corneal stroma, and simultaneous regulation of inflammation after PRK." 09/01/2010 - "Regulation of corneal inflammation by neutrophil-dependent cleavage of keratan sulfate proteoglycans as a model for breakdown of the chemokine gradient." 11/01/1996 - "We have recently demonstrated that a novel type of keratan sulfate proteoglycan (KSPG) identified by the monoclonal antibody (mAb) 5D4 is expressed on ramified microglia but downregulated coincident with T-cell-mediated autoimmune inflammation of the spinal cord in Lewis (LEW) rats. "
3.	Arthritis (Polyarthritis) 09/01/2002 - "The release of 5D4 keratan sulfate epitope and serum 3B3 neoepitope was reduced in arthritis patients. " 12/01/1989 - "Using the monoclonal antibody to the keratan sulfate(KS), we modified the assay system for detecting of serum KS levels (Thonar, et al. Arthritis Rheum. " 10/22/2010 - "Keratan sulfate suppresses cartilage damage and ameliorates inflammation in an experimental mice arthritis model." 04/15/1998 - "Susceptible BALB/c mice, however, develop arthritis only if both the chondroitin sulfate (CS) and keratan sulfate (KS) side chains of the arthritogenic human proteoglycans are removed. " 02/01/1995 - "Chondroitin 6-sulfate, an integral part of human aggrecan, was also high in OA and traumatic arthritis joint fluids, and showed a similar distribution with keratan sulfate in each disease group. "
4.	Osteoarthritis 03/15/1998 - "In a number of studies keratan sulfate in serum was reported to be related to degeneration of articular cartilage in patients with osteoarthritis. " 01/01/2008 - "Serum keratan sulfate was associated with progression of osteoarthritis. " 11/01/1997 - "Our data reveal a persistent and evolving disturbance in cytokine and keratan sulfate profiles within the anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee, suggesting an important biochemical dimension to the development of osteoarthritis there." 03/01/1997 - "Synovial fluid aspirates from temporomandibular joints with osteoarthritis had significantly higher levels of keratan sulfate than synovial fluids from joints without osteoarthritis. " 12/01/1994 - "Age- and sex-related differences in normal subjects and relationship to the extent of joint involvement and serum levels of antigenic keratan sulfate in patients with osteoarthritis."
5.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 05/16/2008 - "Increased expression of highly sulfated keratan sulfate synthesized in malignant astrocytic tumors." 04/19/1996 - "These findings suggest that keratan sulfate modification of CD44 may play an important regulatory role in the broad spectrum of biological processes attributed to CD44, including normal development, tumor progression, and lymphocyte function." 06/01/1987 - "The data were suggestive of an inverse relationship between tumor histopathologic grade and presurgical serum keratan sulfate concentration. " 06/01/1987 - "In nine of ten patients, keratan sulfate level exhibited a significant decrease following removal of the tumor. " 06/01/1987 - "Keratan sulfate levels of 24 adult patients bearing cartilage tumors were observed to be higher than that for age- and sex-matched controls. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Orosomucoid (Seromucoid)
2.	Hyaluronic Acid (Hyaluronan)
3.	Proteoglycans (Proteoglycan)
4.	Antibodies
5.	Biological Markers (Surrogate Marker)
6.	Chondroitin Sulfates (Chondroitin Sulfate)
7.	Heparitin Sulfate (Heparan Sulfate)
8.	Epitopes
9.	lumican
10.	Interleukin-6 (Interleukin 6)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Laser In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK)
2.	Intra-Articular Injections
3.	Bed Rest (Bedrest)
4.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)