Aprotinin (Trasylol)

A single-chain polypeptide derived from bovine tissues consisting of 58 amino-acid residues. It is an inhibitor of proteolytic enzymes including CHYMOTRYPSIN; KALLIKREIN; PLASMIN; and TRYPSIN. It is used in the treatment of HEMORRHAGE associated with raised plasma concentrations of plasmin. It is also used to reduce blood loss and transfusion requirements in patients at high risk of major blood loss during and following open heart surgery with EXTRACORPOREAL CIRCULATION. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1995)

Also Known As:

Networked: 1387 relevant articles (149 outcomes, 209 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Dietrich, Wulf: 8 articles (02/2009 - 08/2004)
2.	Taylor, K M: 7 articles (05/2008 - 08/2000)
3.	Levy, Jerrold H: 7 articles (02/2008 - 01/2004)
4.	Augoustides, John G T: 6 articles (06/2008 - 07/2005)
5.	Landis, R C: 6 articles (05/2008 - 08/2000)
6.	Spinale, Francis G: 5 articles (05/2012 - 08/2008)
7.	Reeves, Scott T: 5 articles (05/2012 - 08/2008)
8.	Hunt, B J: 5 articles (01/2010 - 02/2000)
9.	Royston, David: 5 articles (01/2010 - 08/2004)
10.	van der Linden, Jan: 5 articles (08/2009 - 08/2005)

Related Diseases

1.	Hemorrhage 08/01/2002 - "Large-dose aprotinin was safe and effective in dramatically reducing the measured and calculated bleeding and the amount of transfused red blood cell units after major orthopedic surgery. " 02/01/2000 - "High-dose aprotinin was highly effective in reducing bleeding in this high-risk group of patients. " 12/01/1996 - "All three aprotinin doses were highly effective in reducing bleeding and transfusion requirements. " 04/01/1998 - "Aprotinin is widely used and has proven efficacy in the management of excess bleeding. " 01/01/2013 - "In contrast, aprotinin might probably be beneficial in high risk cardiac surgery as it reduces risk of transfusion and bleeding complications."
2.	Postoperative Hemorrhage 05/01/2010 - "Aprotinin dosage regimen of 40,000 KIU/kg at induction, in CPB prime and postoperatively for three hours was most effective in reducing postoperative blood loss and PRBC transfusion requirements. " 09/01/1999 - "Although administered intraoperatively, aprotinin treatment dramatically reduced intraoperative and 24-h postoperative blood loss and autologous transfusion requirements but did not change homologous transfusion in posterior lumbar spine fusion. " 06/01/2004 - "Full-dose aprotinin significantly reduces postoperative blood loss and has been demonstrated in multiple prospective blinded studies to be safe and effective. " 05/01/2008 - "Aprotinin was associated with a significant reduction in postoperative blood loss (p < 0.001) and less excessive postoperative hemorrhage (p < 0.001) compared with the control group. " 03/01/2001 - "A significant reduction in postoperative blood loss (approximately 470 ml) occurred in patients receiving aprotinin. "
3.	Reperfusion Injury 06/01/1999 - "In conclusion, aprotinin at high concentrations may be beneficial for the survival of skeletal muscle and provides protection from platelet accumulation in the microcirculation of skeletal muscle exposed to ischaemia and reperfusion injury." 06/01/2000 - "When aprotinin was used, LV pressure was inclined to be higher while liver portal vein pressure was lower, thus providing protection against liver and heart reperfusion injury." 05/01/2004 - "Aprotinin ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat hind limb model." 02/01/2003 - "Improved myocardial function has been observed with aprotinin treatment in animal models of ischemia-reperfusion injury. " 11/01/2000 - "The enhanced oxygenation suggests that aprotinin may offer protection against early reperfusion injury."
4.	Pancreatitis 03/01/1985 - "These species differences of the aprotinin blockade should be considered when seeking reasons why aprotinin has not proven effective in preventing the morbidity and mortality of human pancreatitis." 01/01/1984 - "The efficacy of MTI on these types of pancreatitis were higher than those of aprotinin. " 09/01/1980 - "Steroid administration worsened pancreatitis, Trasylol had no effect, and albumin was markedly effective in ameliorating pancreatitis. " 05/01/1964 - "TRASYLOL: A NEW TREATMENT FOR PANCREATITIS." 12/13/1974 - "[Efficacy of trasylol in the treatment of acute pancreatitis]."
5.	Stroke (Strokes) 12/01/2004 - "Meta-analysis of clinical trials demonstrates a decreased incidence of stroke after CABG when aprotinin is administrated perioperatively. " 07/01/2010 - "In this experimental model of stroke occurring during CPB, aprotinin decreased the systemic inflammatory response to CPB. " 01/01/2010 - "In the aprotinin group, a higher rate of late events of ischemic stroke (3.4% versus 0.9%; P = 0.02) and neurologic disability (5.8% versus 2.4%; P = 0.02) was found. " 12/01/2006 - "In contrast, however, a recent cohort study has raised concerns about aprotinin, suggesting that its use is associated with a significant increased risk of stroke in uncomplicated CABG surgery. " 12/01/2006 - "We conclude that there is evidence from three meta-analyses and two more recent RCTs that the use of aprotinin is associated with a decreased incidence of stroke and neurological complications in some patients undergoing cardiac surgery. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Tranexamic Acid (AMCA)
2.	Aprotinin (Trasylol)
3.	Serine Proteases (Serine Protease)
4.	6-Aminocaproic Acid (6 Aminocaproic Acid)
5.	Kallikreins (Kallikrein)
6.	Protease Inhibitors (Protease Inhibitor)
7.	Lysine (L-Lysine)
8.	Fibrin Tissue Adhesive (Fibrin Sealant)
9.	Fibrinolysin
10.	Peptide Hydrolases (Proteases)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Cardiopulmonary Bypass (Heart-Lung Bypass)
2.	Transplants (Transplant)
3.	Blood Transfusion (Blood Transfusions)
4.	Coronary Artery Bypass (Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery)
5.	Lung Transplantation