Kallikreins (Kallikrein)

Proteolytic enzymes from the serine endopeptidase family found in normal blood and urine. Specifically, Kallikreins are potent vasodilators and hypotensives and increase vascular permeability and affect smooth muscle. They act as infertility agents in men. Three forms are recognized, PLASMA KALLIKREIN (EC 3.4.21.34), TISSUE KALLIKREIN (EC 3.4.21.35), and PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (EC 3.4.21.77).

Also Known As:

Networked: 1596 relevant articles (41 outcomes, 170 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Diamandis, Eleftherios P: 125 articles (07/2015 - 01/2002)
2.	Scorilas, Andreas: 59 articles (07/2015 - 05/2002)
3.	Yousef, George M: 42 articles (07/2015 - 05/2002)
4.	Diamandis, E P: 34 articles (09/2013 - 03/2000)
5.	Chao, Julie: 29 articles (05/2013 - 03/2002)
6.	Soosaipillai, Antoninus: 26 articles (09/2014 - 01/2002)
7.	Clements, Judith A: 26 articles (09/2014 - 05/2003)
8.	Chao, Lee: 26 articles (05/2013 - 03/2002)
9.	Lilja, Hans: 25 articles (08/2015 - 02/2007)
10.	Yousef, G M: 20 articles (09/2013 - 03/2000)

Related Diseases

1.	Stroke (Strokes) 08/01/2015 - "We confirmed that human urinary kallidinogenase improved stroke outcome in patients. " 08/01/2015 - "To investigate whether human urinary kallidinogenase's efficacy in treating stroke patients has relationship with improving cerebral perfusion and possible mechanism. " 09/01/1999 - "This is the first study to demonstrate the protective effect of kallikrein gene delivery in reducing salt-induced stroke mortality and vascular dysfunction." 08/01/2015 - "Human urinary kallidinogenase has been shown promising in treating stroke patients. " 08/01/2015 - "Human Urinary Kallidinogenase Improves Outcome of Stroke Patients by Shortening Mean Transit Time of Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging."
2.	Prostatic Neoplasms (Prostate Cancer) 01/01/2014 - "Of these, approaches to measure distinct molecular forms of PSA (free, intact, complexed PSA, and pro-PSA) combined with kallikrein-related peptidase 2 (KLK2), also known as hK2, have been considered holding particular promise in enhancing the diagnosis of prostate cancer. " 06/01/2006 - "Improved prostate cancer detection with a human kallikrein 11 and percentage free PSA-based artificial neural network." 01/01/2012 - "The Kallikrein-related peptidase, KLK4, has been shown to be significantly overexpressed in prostate tumours in numerous studies and is suggested to be a potential biomarker for prostate cancer. " 08/24/2010 - "A four-kallikrein panel for the prediction of repeat prostate biopsy: data from the European Randomized Study of Prostate Cancer screening in Rotterdam, Netherlands." 06/15/2010 - "A four-kallikrein panel predicts prostate cancer in men with recent screening: data from the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer, Rotterdam."
3.	Cerebral Infarction 04/15/2012 - "Results showed that human urinary kallidinogenase improved symptoms of neurological deficiency by enhancing remodeling of long-term cortical motor function in patients with acute cerebral infarction. " 01/01/2015 - "Study on the effect of urinary kallidinogenase after thrombolytic treatment for acute cerebral infarction." 07/01/2015 - "In accordance with randomized controlled trial, 110 patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly assigned to kallikrein treatment group (55 cases) and control group (55 cases). " 04/15/2012 - "A total of 29 patients were treated within 48 hours after acute subcortical cerebral infarction with Xuesaitong or Xuesaitong plus human urinary kallidinogenase for 14 days. " 04/15/2012 - "Remodeling of motor cortex function in acute cerebral infarction patients following human urinary kallidinogenase: A functional magnetic resonance imaging evaluation after 6 months."
4.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 04/01/2014 - "Within the Ser-protease group, the kallikrein-related peptidase (KLK) family, which encompasses a subgroup of 15 members, holds particular promise, with some acting via a tumor-promoting mechanism and others behaving as protective factors. " 07/01/2015 - "A panel of four kallikrein immunoassays has been reported to improve the prediction of prostate biopsy outcome (cancer vs benign) in men with elevated PSA in the circulation. " 12/01/2015 - "Re: Predicting High-Grade Cancer at Ten-Core Prostate Biopsy Using Four Kallikrein Markers Measured in Blood in the ProtecT Study." 07/01/2015 - "Free, intact and total PSA, and kallikrein-related peptidase 2 were measured in cryopreserved blood from 6129 men with elevated PSA (≥3.0ng/mL) participating in the prospective, randomized trial Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment. " 07/01/2015 - "Predicting high-grade cancer at ten-core prostate biopsy using four kallikrein markers measured in blood in the ProtecT study."
5.	Asthenozoospermia 01/01/1985 - "Infertile men with sperm count below 20 X 10(6)/ml had greater improvement in sperm count than men with sperm count over 20 X 10(6)/ml. This study emphasizes that kallikrein is a relatively good drug for restoring sperm motility in idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia and asthenozoospermia." 01/01/1985 - "A randomised group of 75 men with idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia and asthenozoospermia were subjected to control study with kallikrein. " 01/01/1992 - "An application of Kallikrein in the swim-up preparation resulted in a higher motility in patients with asthenozoospermia, whereas the patients belonging to the group of oligoasthenozoospermia showed a lower progressive motility compared to the control. " 01/01/1991 - "While the groups normo-, oligo-, and asthenozoospermia reached a higher fertilizing capacity under Kallikrein-treatment (probability of error 2.5%), a Kallikrein application in case of oligo-asthenozoospermia had no significant influence on fertilizing capacity. " 10/13/1989 - "147 patients with isolated asthenozoospermia treated by means of 600 IU kallikrein daily showed a resultant significant elevation (p less than 0.002) in sperm motility only. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Tissue Kallikreins (Tissue Kallikrein)
2.	Aprotinin (Trasylol)
3.	Renin
4.	Angiotensins
5.	Serine Proteases (Serine Protease)
6.	Prostate-Specific Antigen (Semenogelase)
7.	Messenger RNA (mRNA)
8.	Protein Isoforms (Isoforms)
9.	Complementary DNA (cDNA)
10.	Trypsin

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Blood Transfusion (Blood Transfusions)
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
3.	Prostatectomy (Retropubic Prostatectomy)
4.	Cardiopulmonary Bypass (Heart-Lung Bypass)
5.	Estrogen Replacement Therapy