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NPH Insulin

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An intermediate-acting INSULIN preparation with onset time of 2 hours and duration of 24 hours. It is produced by crystallizing ZINC-insulin-PROTAMINES at neutral pH 7. Thus it is called neutral protamine Hagedorn for inventor Hans Christian Hagedorn.

Also Known As:

Insulin, NPH; Insulin, Isophane, Beef-Pork; Insulin, Isophane, Pork; Insulin, NPH, Beef; Insulin, NPH, Beef-Pork; Insulin, NPH, Human; Insulin, NPH, Pork; Isophane Insulin, Beef; Isophane Insulin, Beef-Pork; Isophane Insulin, Human; Isophane Insulin, Pork; Isophane Insulin, Regular; NPH Insulin, Beef; NPH Insulin, Beef-Pork; NPH Insulin, Human; NPH Insulin, Pork; Neutral Protamine Hagedorn Insulin; Protamine Hagedorn Insulin; Beef Isophane Insulin; Beef NPH Insulin; Beef-Pork Isophane Insulin; Beef-Pork NPH Insulin; Hagedorn Insulin, Protamine; Human Isophane Insulin; Human NPH Insulin; Isophane Insulin; Isophane Insulin, Beef Pork; NPH Insulin, Beef Pork; Pork Isophane Insulin; Pork NPH Insulin; Regular Isophane Insulin; Insulin, Isophane; Insulin Isophane

Networked: 314 relevant articles (33 outcomes, 92 trials/studies)

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Drug Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Clauson, Per: 4 articles (08/2008 - 06/2006)
2.	Dailey, George: 3 articles (08/2009 - 04/2005)
3.	Riddle, Matthew C: 3 articles (08/2007 - 11/2003)
4.	Bolli, Geremia B: 3 articles (04/2006 - 04/2002)
5.	Rosenstock, Julio: 3 articles (04/2005 - 11/2003)
6.	Draeger, Eberhard: 3 articles (05/2004 - 03/2003)
7.	Russell-Jones, D L: 2 articles (11/2015 - 11/2009)
8.	Umpleby, A M: 2 articles (11/2015 - 11/2009)
9.	Fonseca, Vivian: 2 articles (03/2015 - 11/2004)
10.	Theobald, Karlheinz: 2 articles (01/2015 - 01/2014)

Related Diseases

1.	Hypoglycemia (Reactive Hypoglycemia) 01/01/2007 - "Evidence from large, randomized, controlled clinical trials in patients with type 1 diabetes has confirmed its effectiveness and tolerability relative to neutral protamine hagedorn (NPH) insulin, with a tendency toward causing less hypoglycemia. " 10/01/2015 - "Rates of LGA, macrosomia, and neonatal hypoglycemia were similar after pregnant women were treated with detemir and NPH insulin. " 08/01/2015 - "However, patients treated with NPH insulin had higher frequencies of severe hypoglycemia (6.1±0.9) compared with 2.7±0.6 for the IG group. " 06/01/2014 - "However, an argument against use of analog insulins as compared with use of regular or NPH insulin is one that states that the effectiveness and risk of hypoglycemia are the only two valid clinical outcomes that should be used to compare the analog and human insulins. " 06/01/2014 - "However, an argument against use of analog insulins as compared with use of regular or NPH insulin is one that states that the effectiveness and risk of hypoglycemia are the only two valid clinical outcomes that should be used to compare the analog and human insulins. "
2.	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (MODY) 09/01/1989 - "In this study, we evaluated the effect of adding a single bedtime low-dose NPH insulin injection to the previous ineffective sulfonylurea therapy in 23 NIDDM patients with true secondary failure to OHAs. " 12/01/2010 - "Evaluation of the weight-increasing effects of biphasic analog and regular NPH insulin mixtures in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus." 11/01/2008 - "Thirty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who followed the human Isophane insulin therapeutic regimen at bedtime were given 100 g steamed bread tests in two consecutive days. " 01/01/2007 - "This mechanism of protraction provides a more prolonged, consistent and predictable glycaemic effect in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with NPH insulin. " 12/01/1998 - "In conclusion, in NIDDM patients with secondary failure to sulphonylureas the addition of either low-dose bedtime NPH insulin or t.i.d. "
3.	Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (Autoimmune Diabetes) 04/09/1990 - "The use of Insuject-X for NPH insulin was tested by 21 children, age less than or equal to 10 years with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus less than or equal to 1 year, on conventional treatment with NPH insulin once or twice daily. " 04/02/2002 - "Administration of neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin at bedtime versus with dinner in type 1 diabetes mellitus to avoid nocturnal hypoglycemia and improve control. " 01/01/2009 - "The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of insulin glargine and detemir with NPH insulin in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). " 04/01/2002 - "Comparative trial between insulin glargine and NPH insulin in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus." 02/01/2000 - "In small euglycaemic clamp studies, the onset of action of insulin glargine was shown to be later, the duration of action longer and the time-action profile flatter than that of Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and healthy volunteers. "
4.	Weight Gain 04/01/2010 - "It was originally studied clinically in predominantly basal + bolus regimens and found to be associated with a low risk of hypoglycaemia compared to insulin NPH, and reduced weight gain compared to other basal insulins. " 03/01/2006 - "In addition, detemir has been associated with less weight gain than NPH insulin. " 01/01/2006 - "In addition, detemir has been associated with less weight gain than NPH insulin. " 12/01/2010 - "In the present study, we evaluated the effects of a biphasic analog and regular NPH insulin mixtures on weight gain in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) over 1 year. " 06/04/2014 - "The basal analogues have less side effects, weight gain and hypoglycemia, a more reproductible profile and a longer duration of action compared to NPH insulin. "
5.	Body Weight (Weight, Body) 09/01/2002 - "Both treatments improved glycaemic control to the same extent but the combination of bedtime NPH insulin and daytime sulphonylurea gave a very small increase of body weight over a 6 months period. " 11/01/2015 - "Twelve people with type 1 diabetes received, in random order, 0.5 units/kg body weight detemir or NPH insulin. " 01/01/2014 - "In contrast to NPH-insulin, there was a significant reduction in body weight with lixisenatide (MD = -3.62 kg; 95% CI = [-5.86 kg, -1.38 kg]) at study completion. " 07/01/2011 - "The aim of the study was to compare the effect of treatment with detemir insulin vs. NPH insulin on metabolic control, hypoglycemic episodes, and body weight gain in patients with type 1 diabetes by means of a systematic review and a meta-analysis. " 04/01/1999 - "On three study days NN304 was injected in three different doses (0.15, 0.3, 0.6 U/kg body weight), while NPH-insulin (0.3 U/kg) was injected in identical dose on two other days. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	glargine (insulin glargine)
2.	Insulin (Novolin)
3.	Glucose (Dextrose)
4.	insulin detemir (Levemir)
5.	Blood Glucose (Blood Sugar)
6.	insulin aspart (NovoLog)
7.	Metformin (Glucophage)
8.	basal insulin
9.	insulin LISPRO (Humalog)
10.	Glycosylated Hemoglobin A (Glycosylated Hemoglobin)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Subcutaneous Infusions
2.	Nutrition Therapy (Medical Nutrition Therapy)
3.	Artificial Pancreas
4.	Enteral Nutrition (Feeding, Tube)
5.	Injections