Immunosuppressive Agents (Immunosuppressants)

Agents that suppress immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-CELLS or by inhibiting the activation of HELPER CELLS. While immunosuppression has been brought about in the past primarily to prevent rejection of transplanted organs, new applications involving mediation of the effects of INTERLEUKINS and other CYTOKINES are emerging.

Also Known As:

Networked: 3323 relevant articles (283 outcomes, 213 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Guillevin, Loïc: 17 articles (08/2015 - 04/2003)
2.	Pagnoux, Christian: 14 articles (08/2015 - 04/2003)
3.	Cacoub, Patrice: 9 articles (12/2015 - 12/2007)
4.	Shoenfeld, Yehuda: 9 articles (09/2013 - 11/2002)
5.	Beaugerie, Laurent: 8 articles (09/2015 - 01/2004)
6.	Sandborn, William J: 8 articles (09/2014 - 05/2004)
7.	Guillevin, L: 7 articles (05/2014 - 12/2000)
8.	Mouthon, Luc: 7 articles (01/2012 - 06/2005)
9.	Saadoun, David: 6 articles (09/2015 - 11/2009)
10.	Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent: 6 articles (09/2014 - 07/2013)

Related Diseases

1.	Infection 06/01/1999 - "Data from Phase III clinical trials of new immunosuppressants, however, show a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of acute rejection produced by these new drugs, which has not been accompanied by increases in infection and malignancy rates. " 01/01/2002 - "Significant advances over the past 20 years in surgical technique, immunosuppressive agents, patient selection, and infection prophylaxis and treatment have led to improved patient and graft survival. " 10/01/1989 - "With a better understanding of the pathogenesis of infection in the transplanted lung as well as improved immunosuppressive agents, further improvements in survival can be expected." 11/01/2008 - "Administration of immunosuppressants was effective in cases with autoimmune-associated HPS, whereas prognosis was poor in infection-associated HPS." 05/01/2011 - "Improved outcomes using anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive agents do not rule out infection as a driver for autoimmunity. "
2.	Uveitis 03/01/1996 - "Low-dose CSA used alone or in combination with other immunosuppressive agents is effective in achieving inflammatory control with a favorable visual outcome and provides a useful steroid-sparing strategy in the management of chronic endogenous uveitis. " 06/01/2009 - "MMF was safe and effective in controlling CMO and in reducing the uveitis relapse rate in patients not responding to traditional immunosuppressants. " 01/01/2014 - "We also discuss the stepwise approach to medical treatment of immune-mediated uveitis as well as the characteristics, safety, and efficacy of immunosuppressive agents used to treat ocular inflammatory disease. " 03/01/2013 - "This review describes the clinical studies and adverse effects of TNF-α blockers in the treatment of uveitis, and discusses the principle for clinical use of TNF-α blockers in synergy with other immunosuppressive agents." 01/01/2013 - "The purpose of this study was to describe comorbidities, healthcare costs, and resource utilization among patients with chronic non-infectious uveitis initiating corticosteroid, immunosuppressants, or biologics.In"
3.	Ulcerative Colitis 12/01/2012 - "Moreover, the ongoing studies evaluating the efficacy of emerging immunosuppressants in treating patients with ulcerative colitis are discussed. " 01/01/2002 - "Do immunosuppressants really work as maintenance therapy after the achievement of remission of severe ulcerative colitis?" 09/01/2014 - "Although these immunosuppressants are known to effectively control ulcerative colitis (UC), some post-OLT patients develop exacerbation of preexisting UC or de novo UC. " 01/01/2012 - "When the patients are treated with immunosuppressants that make them more susceptible to CMV, the course of ulcerative colitis (UC) becomes considerably worse. " 09/01/2008 - "Some patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) require immunosuppressants as maintenance therapy. "
4.	Pemphigus (Pemphigus Vulgaris) 01/01/2010 - "Thus, we may conclude that: (i) the percentage of patients with oropharyngeal pemphigus vulgaris who achieved complete long-lasting clinical remission was very high; (ii) transient lesions that healed within a week were very frequent and had to be actively controlled; (iii) if treated early, most patients had a good clinical response and could achieve a disease- and drug-free clinical remission; (iv) early treatment may prevent extension or progression of disease; (v) there is a possible role for immunosuppressive agents; and (vi) a more favorable course of the disease, in terms of attainment and duration of clinical remission and a better prognosis, seemed to be related to a rapid response to therapy rather than to the initial severity and extent of the disease." 11/01/2003 - "For the treatment of pemphigus, a course of the lowest possible corticosteroid dosage in combination with immunosuppressive agents appears to be effective and less toxic than a high corticosteroid dosage." 11/01/2002 - "Although pemphigus vulgaris is still a life-threatening disease, today it can be successfully treated with a combination of immunosuppressive agents. " 10/12/2015 - "Eliminating possible drug PV/PF triggers/sustainers may alleviate the clinical symptoms and enable the decrease of dose/range of immunosuppressants regardless of pemphigus form." 10/12/2015 - "Drug triggering should be suspected in every case of newly diagnosed or exacerbated pemphigus, as eliminating possible PV/PF triggers/sustainers may alleviate the clinical symptoms and enable the decrease of dose/range of immunosuppressants regardless of pemphigus form. "
5.	Proteinuria 09/01/2011 - "A total of 294 of these patients were prospectively treated with renin-angiotensin system blockade and immunosuppressants sequentially and were evaluated separately to assess the predictive value to therapeutic efficacy (defined as time-averaged proteinuria <1 g/d). " 01/01/1995 - "Immunosuppressive agents may be efficient in some of steroid-resistant patients, inducing remission of proteinuria and protecting renal function. " 11/01/2015 - "At the end of the follow-up, 14 of the 17 patients treated with immunosuppressants and 10 of 11 patients on supportive therapy had a remission of proteinuria. " 08/01/2008 - "The other 44 children were nearly all in remission, 18 without treatment at follow-up, and the rest on various immunosuppressants, but one had persistent proteinuria and multiple segmental lesions. " 11/01/2013 - "Combination with immunosuppressive agents might be considered in cases of rapid renal function deterioration and/or severe proteinuria. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)
2.	Steroids
3.	Cyclosporine (Ciclosporin)
4.	Azathioprine (Imuran)
5.	Tacrolimus (Prograf)
6.	Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
7.	Methotrexate (Mexate)
8.	Glucocorticoids
9.	mycophenolate mofetil (Cellcept)
10.	rituximab (Mabthera)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Transplants (Transplant)
2.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients)
3.	Plasma Exchange
4.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
5.	Plasmapheresis