Hypertelorism

07/01/2013 - "We present a patient with frontonasal dysplasia who desired correction of her hypertelorism. "
04/15/2010 - "Here, we show that excessive Hedgehog activity, caused by truncating the primary cilia on cranial neural crest cells, causes hypertelorism and frontonasal dysplasia (FND). "
08/11/2000 - "Frontonasal dysplasia is defined as hypertelorism, telecanthus and broad bridge of the nose with absent or bifid tip of the nose. "
01/01/1995 - "We report a unique type of cerebral malformation combined with the median facial cleft syndrome in a 7-day-old female infant with malformations of toes and fingers, hypertelorism and a median cleft nose, as well as a frontally protruding, dorsomedian hornlike cele. "
12/01/1989 - "Frontonasal dysplasia (FND) is a condition with a more or less severe ocular hypertelorism and, sometimes, a narrowing of the palpebral fissures. "

02/01/2015 - "The prominent findings like flat nasal bridge (94.3%), hypertelorism (92.9%), high arched palate (78.6%) and fissured tongue (78.6%) in our study, suggest that they could be used as a reliable clinical markers to diagnose Down syndrome condition."

11/01/2009 - "Hypertelorism-microtia-clefting syndrome (HMC syndrome): prenatal diagnosis in two siblings."
01/01/2001 - "Hypertelorism-Microtia-Clefting syndrome (Bixler syndrome): report of two unrelated cases."
01/01/1994 - "Hypertelorism-microtia-clefting (HMC) syndrome."
10/01/1982 - "The hypertelorism microtia clefting syndrome."
09/01/1969 - "Hypertelorism, microtia, and facial clefting. "

02/15/2001 - "The propositus, an 11-month-old, had developmental delay, round face, hypertelorism, large ears, broad nasal bridge, upturned nostrils, micrognathia, a high palate, redundant skin around the neck, micropenis, and cryptorchidism. "
04/01/2001 - "We report on a newborn male born to non-consanguineous parents with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) and additional findings of malformed ears, hypertelorism, brachyphalangy in the hands, pterygium of the elbows, knees, and wrists, complex lower limb pre-axial polydactyly, tibial shortening, clubfeet, horseshoe kidney and a micropenis. "
09/17/1999 - "We report on two Italian brothers with facial clefting, hypertelorism, urogenital anomalies including micropenis, shawl scrotum, hearing loss, caudal appendage, and umbilical hernia. "
11/01/1989 - "His clinical manifestations included developmental delay, feeding problems, and multiple anomalies including microcephaly, hypertelorism, apparently low set abnormal ears, prominent nasal bridge, cubitus valgus, overwrapping of fingers, cryptorchidism, and micropenis. "
11/01/2010 - "Clinical features include short stature, hypertelorism, low set ears, cleft lip with cleft palate, short neck, truncus arteriosus, micropenis, clubfoot, over riding toes on right foot, four digits on left foot and growth delay. "

10/01/2011 - "She had hypertelorism, a bifid nose, and a visible cleft over the dorsum and skin of the nose. "
01/01/2010 - "Midline facial defects with hypertelorism (MFDH) are mainly characterized by ocular hypertelorism and bifid nose. "
09/01/2008 - "Six cases of a bifid nose were seen, 2 of which were associated with an alveolar median cleft and hypertelorism. "
03/01/1984 - "To our knowledge, median cleft of nose without apparent hypertelorism (bifid nose) has been reported only twice [Esser, 1939; Boo-chai, 1965]. "
05/01/1966 - "Hypertelorism and the bifid nose."

10/01/2011 - "The authors describe the case of a child with craniofrontonasal syndrome (CFNS) (MIM 304110), the diagnostic process performed, the identification of the main clinical features in the proband (hypertelorism, facial asimmetry, bifid nasal tip, corpus callosum hypoplasia, broad thumb, curly and wiry hair), and the comparison with known data in literature. "
08/01/2005 - "Heterozygous females have craniofrontonasal dysplasia (CFND) and occasionally extracranial manifestations including midline defects and skeletal abnormalities, whereas hemizygous males show no or only mild features such as hypertelorism and rarely show cleft lip or palate. "
02/01/2011 - "Craniofrontonasal syndrome is characterized by coronal craniosynostosis, hypertelorism, telecanthus, a broad grooved nasal tip, dental anomalies, mild syndactyly, and broad thumbs. "
10/01/1993 - "Craniofrontonasal dysplasia (CFND) was diagnosed in a male child who had bilateral coronal craniosynostosis, midline facial clefting with cleft lip and palate, a broad and high forehead, and hypertelorism. "
06/01/1986 - "Coronal craniosynostosis, hypertelorism, telecanthus, broad grooved nasal tip, dental anomalies, mild syndactyly and broad thumbs, consistent with craniofrontonasal dysplasia are described in a family of four affected females over three generations. "

11/01/2005 - "Three-dimensional analysis showed larger ocular hypertelorism, wider cleft, greater deviation of the columella base, and more severe retruded position of the affected nasal alar base in subjects with UCLP than those with UCLA. "
11/01/1991 - "One such patient with bilateral interruption of the middle third of the alar rim and mild asymmetrical hypertelorism is described."
04/01/2014 - "The male newborn presented with alobar HPE, microcephaly, ocular hypertelorism, upslanting palpebral fissures, a bulky nose with a left paramedian alar cleft. "
03/01/1992 - "A female infant was classified as having oral-facial-digital syndrome (OFDS) type 1, with oral (cleft palate, bifid uvula, lingual cleft, numerous hypertrophic frenula), facial (numerous milia on face, scalp, and ears; frontal bossing; hypertelorism; hypoplasia of nasal alar cartilage; micrognathia), and digital (bilateral brachydactyly of hands) symptoms. "
01/15/2006 - "On examination there were coarsening of facial features with low fronto-temporal hairline; thick eyebrows; bilateral epicanthal folds; hypertelorism; prominent nose with squared nasal root and narrow alar base; low-set posteriorly rotated large ears with a prominent anthelix; high arched palate; prominent chin; hands/feet brachydactyly; bilateral squint; hypotonia; and muscle hypotrophy. "

03/01/2006 - "Hypertelorism/telecanthus, abnormally slanted palpebral fissures, abnormal retinal findings, nasolacrimal duct obstruction, anomalous extraocular muscles, amblyopia, and microcornea were found. "
03/01/1978 - "Multiple ophthalmic abnormalities were found, including hypertelorism, telecanthus, epicanthal folds, antimongoloid palpebral fissures, exotropia, optic atrophy, and tortuosity of the retinal vasculature. "
01/01/2001 - "The main abnormal physical features recorded at different ages consisted of hydrocephalus, axial hypotonia, absence of spontaneous prehension, long face, synophris, hypertelorism with epicanthic folds, internal alternating strabismus, retinal abnormalities with macular degeneration, beaked nose, long philtrum, high-arched palate, lumbar spina bifida, right paravertebral dimple at the upper sacral region, prominent coccyx, broad thumbs and great toes, fetal pads and cryptorchidism. "
08/06/1998 - "We report on two sisters who were born to a consanguineous couple and had retinitis pigmentosa-like pigmented retinal lesions, alternating exotropia, bilateral cataracts, and anomalous coarse facies characterized by deformed skull with narrow forehead, low anterior hairline, hypertelorism, short philtrum, thin upper lip, and prominent jaw; cerebellar vermis hypoplasia; dilatation of the fourth ventricle; severe mental retardation; tremor; brisk deep tendon reflexes and abnormal behavior; and skeletal abnormalities such as limited extension of elbow and/ or finger joints and talipes equinovalgus. "

01/01/1981 - "Clinical and cytogenetic examinations were performed on eight unrelated infants with duplication of part of the long arm of chromosome 3. A review of published cases shows a clinical syndrome characterized by statomotoric retardation, shortened life span, and a multiple congenital anomalies (MCA) syndrome of abnormal head configuration, hypertrichosis, hypertelorism, ocular anomalies, anteverted nostrils, long philtrum, maxillary prognathia, down-turned corners of the mouth, highly arched or cleft plate, micrognathia, malformed auricles, short, webbed neck, clinodactyly, simian crease, talipes, and congenital heart disease. "
08/01/1981 - "Major features include: (1) poorly mineralized calvarium, (2) dysmorphic facies (cleft lip and palate, micrognathia, upturned nares, apparent ocular hypertelorism), and (3) extracranial and musculoskeletal anomalies (absence of cervical vertebrae and clavicles, talipes equilnorvarus, and soft tissue syndactyly). "
06/01/2010 - "The patients exhibited strikingly similar features according to their age: craniofacial, large fontanelle, hypertelorism, short and downslanting palpebral fissures, blue sclerae, short nose with hypoplastic columella, low-set and rotated ears, high palate, long philtrum, thin vermilion of the upper lip, small mouth, and micro-retrognathia in infancy; slender and asymmetric face with protruding jaw from adolescence; skeletal, congenital contractures of fingers, wrists, and hips, and talipes equinovarus with anomalous insertions of flexor muscles; progressive joint laxity with recurrent dislocations; slender and/or cylindrical fingers and progressive talipes valgus and cavum or planus, with diaphyseal narrowing of phalanges, metacarpals, and metatarsals; pectus deformities; scoliosis or kyphoscoliosis with decreased physiological curvatures of thoracic spines and tall vertebrae; cutaneous, progressive hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; fine palmar creases in childhood to acrogeria-like prominent wrinkles in adulthood, recurrent subcutaneous infections with fistula formation; cardiovascular, cardiac valve abnormalities, recurrent large subcutaneous hematomas from childhood; gastrointestinal, constipation, diverticula perforation; respiratory, (hemo)pneumothorax; and ophthalmological, strabismus, glaucoma, refractive errors."
08/06/1998 - "We report on two sisters who were born to a consanguineous couple and had retinitis pigmentosa-like pigmented retinal lesions, alternating exotropia, bilateral cataracts, and anomalous coarse facies characterized by deformed skull with narrow forehead, low anterior hairline, hypertelorism, short philtrum, thin upper lip, and prominent jaw; cerebellar vermis hypoplasia; dilatation of the fourth ventricle; severe mental retardation; tremor; brisk deep tendon reflexes and abnormal behavior; and skeletal abnormalities such as limited extension of elbow and/ or finger joints and talipes equinovalgus. "

01/01/1986 - "This fact is normally taken into consideration in the diagnosis of Greig syndrome, but we suggest that an alteration in skull formation should be the criterion for the syndrome rather than extreme hypertelorism."
01/01/1986 - "Variable expressivity of hypertelorism in three siblings with Greig syndrome."
10/01/2013 - "Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome is a rare genetic disorder, with an autosomal dominant inheritance and consisting of a triad of polysyndactyly, macrocephaly and hypertelorism. "
01/01/1986 - "Two sisters and one brother are reported with a complex of congenital malformations, hypertelorism, mental retardation, flattened nasal root, divergent strabism++, mongoloid palpebral fissures, malformations of the ears, pathologic alterations of the eye-fundus in terms of optic nerve atrophy, all suggesting Greig syndrome. "
07/01/2015 - "Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome (GCPS) is typically characterized by preaxial or mixed preaxial and postaxial polydactyly with or without syndactyly and craniofacial features including hypertelorism and macrocephaly. "

03/01/2015 - "The inverted U-shaped osteotomy technique may be an effective and safe technique for the stability of the corrected orbital framework and the prevention of recurrence in severe cases of orbital hypertelorism. "
04/01/1995 - "As a result of the FB osteotomy, anterior bony projection was achieved, and the hypertelorism was improved, but fell short of age-matched normal values. "
03/01/2015 - "The objective of this article was to explore the effect of correction orbital hypertelorism using inverted U-shaped osteotomy by combined intracranial-extracranial approach. "
03/01/2015 - "Treatment of orbital hypertelorism using inverted U-shaped osteotomy."
01/01/2015 - "Three complex periorbital osteotomies were planned and performed: 1 case of bilateral vertical and horizontal orbital dystopia, 1 case of a Monobloc-Le Fort II in an Apert patient, and 1 case of recurrent hypertelorism in a patient with craniofrontal nasal dysplasia. "

05/01/1996 - "This study evaluated the presence of extradural dead space following a monobloc or facial bipartition osteotomy and examined its natural history and relationship to postoperative infection and the presence of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt at the time of osteotomy in a consecutive series of patients with craniofacial dysostosis, frontonasal dysplasia, midline cranio-orbital clefts, and orbital hypertelorism. "

03/01/2015 - "The major clinical anomalies are striking dysmorphic facial features with hypertelorism, broad nose with large tip and prominent root, congenital non-myopathic ptosis, ridged metopic suture and arched eyebrows. "
08/01/2013 - "The patients have an open metopic suture extending widely to the nasal radix producing hypertelorism accompanied by interfrontal herniation of frontal lobes. "
05/01/2013 - "Both had dysmorphic features (prominence of the metopic suture, synophrys, hypertelorism, down-slanting palpebral fissures, tented mouth), and a distinct brain MRI, showing a focal significant increase of the right peri-frontal subarachnoid space, with shallow sulci and a mild anomaly of the gyral pattern. "
10/01/2010 - "The female proband presented with hypertelorism, telecanthus, bifid nasal tip, widow's peak, frontal bossing, and a widened metopic suture. "
06/01/2003 - "Additional physical abnormalities included epicanthal folds, ptosis, frontal bossing with an enlarged metopic suture, bitemporal narrowing, hypertelorism, epicanthal folds, a pointed chin, micrognathia, prominent ears with preauricular pits, and clinodactyly. "

05/01/1998 - "No growth disturbances of the middle face or jaw occurred subsequent to craniotomies and corrections of hypertelorism. "
05/01/1998 - "No growth disturbances of the middle face or jaw occurred subsequent to craniotomies and corrections of hypertelorism. "
10/01/1989 - "A bifrontal craniotomy is only required when simultaneous correction of hypertelorism is to be undertaken. "
07/01/1982 - "Glabellar ostectomy and orbital craniotomies with microscopic control of correction of hypertelorism: a preliminary report of microcraniofacial surgery in two patients."
07/01/2005 - "Condition variables were brain anomalies, obliterated sutures, syndromic diagnosis, hypertelorism, phenotypical expression, age at craniotomy, and hospitalizations. "

05/01/2014 - "The patient underwent facial bipartition for hypertelorism correction and cantilever bone graft. "
08/01/2007 - "correction of bone defect with autologus split calvarial graft, dural closure with autologous pericranial graft and correction of hypertelorism."
07/01/1997 - "Before hypertelorism correction, she underwent scleral repair with a cadaveric graft. "