Polyhydramnios

A condition of abnormally high AMNIOTIC FLUID volume, such as greater than 2,000 ml in the LAST TRIMESTER and usually diagnosed by ultrasonographic criteria (AMNIOTIC FLUID INDEX). It is associated with maternal DIABETES MELLITUS; MULTIPLE PREGNANCY; CHROMOSOMAL DISORDERS; and congenital abnormalities.

Also Known As:

Networked: 508 relevant articles (12 outcomes, 15 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Hydrops Fetalis (Fetal Edema)
2.	Placenta Previa
3.	Oligohydramnios
4.	Pre-Eclampsia (Preeclampsia)
5.	Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)

Experts

1.	Chmait, Ramen H: 5 articles (01/2015 - 01/2007)
2.	Sheiner, E: 5 articles (09/2013 - 10/2001)
3.	Mazor, M: 5 articles (02/2004 - 01/2000)
4.	Polak, Michel: 4 articles (03/2014 - 12/2008)
5.	Salomon, Laurent J: 3 articles (07/2015 - 08/2011)
6.	Ville, Y: 3 articles (03/2012 - 03/2005)
7.	Muller, Françoise: 3 articles (08/2011 - 01/2006)
8.	Dreux, Sophie: 3 articles (08/2011 - 01/2006)
9.	Van Vliet, Guy: 3 articles (06/2010 - 12/2008)
10.	Quintero, Rubén A: 3 articles (05/2009 - 05/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Polyhydramnios:

1.	Indomethacin (Indometacin)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2000 - "Indomethacin was effective in the management of hydramnios and preventing it's complications." 05/01/1996 - "However, although indomethacin appears to be effective in the treatment of polyhydramnios, our goal is to analyze efficacy and side effects, so as to define conditions of clinical use." 10/01/1992 - "Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis with indomethacin has been reported to be effective for prevention of labor and for treatment for symptomatic polyhydramnios. " 06/01/1992 - "After sonographic evaluation has confirmed the polyhydramnios and a determination is made of the potential etiologies, indomethacin appears to be an effective agent in reducing the amniotic fluid volume and in preventing prematurity." 06/01/2013 - "To compare the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine (therapy A) or Chinese herbal medicine plus indomethacin (therapy B) with that of indomethacin alone (therapy C) in treating polyhydramnios. "
2.	Twin twin transfusion syndromeIBA 03/01/2001 - "In conclusion, reversal of the normal direction of net foeto-foetal transfusion, induced by polyhydramnios, is protective against the onset and severity of twin-twin transfusion syndrome in monochorionic twins connected by arterio-venous plus arterio-arterial anastomoses, but not by unidirectional or bidirectional arterio-venous anastomoses." 09/01/2014 - "To identify risk factors for development of twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) in monochorionic diamniotic multiple gestations complicated by midtrimester isolated polyhydramnios (iPoly). " 10/01/2013 - "Twin-twin transfusion syndrome presenting as polyhydramnios in both fetuses secondary to spontaneous microseptostomy." 06/01/2013 - "Therefore, a gestational age-dependent definition of polyhydramnios in twin-twin transfusion syndrome, as used by most European centers, seems a logical approach." 06/01/2013 - "To establish gestational age-specific reference ranges for amniotic fluid measurements in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies, to compare them with previously reported singleton and twin reference ranges and to examine the rationale for using a gestational age-dependent cut-off to define polyhydramnios in twin-twin transfusion syndrome, as is the practice in most European centers. "
3.	Carbon MonoxideIBA 09/01/1992 - "Five pregnancies initially diagnosed as having a 'stuck' twin showed improvement in amniotic fluid volume, with one actually reversing, so that the previously 'stuck' twin developed polyhydramnios and the co-twin became 'stuck'. " 10/01/1999 - "Polyhydramnios of the co-twin was found in 80% of TTTS cases, while no polyhydramnios was found in patients without TTTS (p < 0.05). " 05/01/1999 - "Excessive volumes of amniotic fluid (polyhydramnios) were observed in 23% of conceptuses derived from co-cultured embryos. " 01/01/1987 - "The hydramnios resolved and the surviving co-twin was delivered at term." 09/01/2012 - "Low birth weight, male gender, maternal smoking, consanguinity, parity, and CAs family recurrence were found to be significant risk factors, and oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios, and positive CAs by U/S, found as significant co-factors associated with CAs, while parental age, and maternal education were not considered risk factors. "
4.	Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol)IBA 01/01/2007 - "Successful intratumoral injection of absolute ethyl alcohol relieved hydrops fetalis and polyhydramnios. " 02/01/2004 - "Rapid growth of the acardiac sibling, high diastolic velocity Doppler waveforms in the perfusing vessel, and early hydramnios prompted ablation of blood flow by a percutaneous ultrasonographically guided infusion of absolute alcohol. "
5.	Vitamin DFDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2015 - "Taking vitamin D supplements, compared with placebo, resulted in improved pregnancy outcomes; such that those in the vitamin D group had no case of polyhydramnios, while 17.4% of subjects in placebo group had this condition (p=0.04). " 07/01/2015 - "In conclusion, vitamin D supplementation for 6 weeks among pregnant women with GDM resulted in decreased maternal polyhydramnios and infant hyperbilirubinemia compared with placebo. "
6.	alpha-Fetoproteins (AFP)IBA 06/18/1998 - "Rarer causes of malpractice problems relate to failure to communicate the results of a sonogram in a timely fashion, failure to inform the patient of the findings about the sonogram at the time the patient is seen, and failure to perform ultrasound studies for anomalies when there is clinical indication to do so, such as elevated alpha-fetoprotein or polyhydramnios. " 05/01/2009 - "Our review confirmed the reported association with increased AFP and hydramnios. " 05/01/2009 - "They have been associated with increased alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), hydramnios, congenital anomalies, and increased perinatal mortality. " 02/01/2002 - "The pregnancy was complicated by severe polyhydramnios and elevated amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). " 01/01/1986 - "When polyhydramnios was the sole anomaly (25 cases), 5 fetuses were malformed (20%), abnormal fetal karyotype and/or elevated amniotic fluid alphafetoprotein (AFP) were demonstrated in 2 cases. "
7.	TOPSIBA 09/01/2002 - "The purpose of this study was to review consecutive pregnancies complicated by twin oligohydramnios-polyhydramnios sequence (TOPS) and to clarify the probable factors influencing the perinatal outcomes. " 03/01/1998 - "To report our experience with intentional puncture of the intervening membrane ('septostomy') for the treatment of the twin oligohydramnios-polyhydramnios sequence (TOPS). " 03/01/1999 - "To measure acute and chronic changes in the placenta and amniotic fluid associated with performance of decompression amniocentesis in pregnancies with the twin oligohydramnios-polyhydramnios sequence (TOPS). " 04/01/2010 - "TAPS is a newly described form of chronic twin-to-twin transfusion associated with chronic anemia in the donor and polycythemia in the recipient, without twin oligo-polyhydramnios sequence (TOPS). " 03/01/2012 - "Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), also called twin oligoamnios polyhydramnios sequence (TOPS) complicates around 15% of monochorionic pregnancies irrespective of the mode of conception. "
8.	ProlactinIBA 01/01/2007 - "As in normal pregnancies, amniotic prolactin levels decreased by 80% from highest to lowest value in this case of resolving acute recurrent polyhydramnios." 04/01/2000 - "Acute recurrent polyhydramnios and amniotic prolactin." 03/01/1984 - "The present data suggest that 1) maternal and fetal prolactin levels do not differ significantly between normal and abnormal pregnancies, 2) the decidua is the principal source of amniotic fluid prolactin, and 3) the significantly lower levels of prolactin in amniotic fluid of pregnancies complicated by hypertension or polyhydramnios are probably due to adverse effects of these conditions on the synthesis and release of prolactin by decidua." 03/01/1984 - "Prolactin levels in amniotic fluid as well as decidual prolactin content and production were significantly lower only in pregnancies complicated by either hypertension or polyhydramnios. " 03/01/1984 - "In the present studies, the content and the in vitro production of prolactin by decidua as well as the concentrations of prolactin in amniotic fluid, maternal and fetal serum in normal term pregnancies, induced abortions at various gestational ages, and in pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, and polyhydramnios were measured. "
9.	Immunoglobulin G (IgG)IBA 09/01/2014 - "The analysis revealed that predictors of the formation of new forms of bronchopulmonary dysplasia are the pregnant woman, accompanied by hypoxia (jeopardy throughout pregnancy, fetoplacental insufficiency, hypotension, pregnancy, anemia) or infectious inflammation (presence of IgG to a pregnant ureaplasma, chorioamnionitis, polyhydramnios)." 09/01/2000 - "Included in the study group were women with IUGR, PROM, preterm delivery imminent, Toxoplasmosis in previous pregnancies, raised IgG or IgM anti-Toxoplasma antibody titers and with amniotic fluid disturbances (oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios). "
10.	aquaporin 8IBA 10/01/2010 - "To study the expression of aquaporin 8 and aquaporin 9 in fetal membranes and placenta in term pregnancies complicated by idiopathic polyhydramnios and to explore the association between aquaporin expressions and polyhydramnios. " 10/01/2010 - "When polyhydramnios occurs, expression of aquaporin 8 and aquaporin 9 in fetal membranes and placenta is an adaptive change, which may be involved in the regulation of amniotic fluid volume. " 10/01/2010 - "Compared to normal amniotic fluid volume group, the expression of aquaporin 8 in amnion, and aquaporin 9 in amnion and chorion, were significantly increased in idiopathic polyhydramnios group; however, their expression in the placenta was significantly decreased. " 10/01/2010 - "The expression of aquaporin 8 and aquaporin 9 in fetal membranes and placenta in term pregnancies complicated by idiopathic polyhydramnios." 01/01/2009 - "To determine the expression of Aquaporin 8(AQP8) in the fetal membrane and placenta of idiopathic polyhydramnios. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Decompression 09/01/1992 - "Amniotic fluid decompression was performed for symptomatic polyhydramnios complicating four sets of discordant twin gestations. " 09/01/1992 - "Reduction in the middle cerebral artery pulsatility index after decompression of polyhydramnios in twin gestation." 01/01/1988 - "Reversal of acute polyhydramnios after fetal renal decompression." 03/01/1999 - "Equalization of amniotic fluid volumes after decompression amniocentesis for treatment of the twin oligohydramnios-polyhydramnios sequence." 01/01/1988 - "Antenatal fetal cyst decompression successfully reversed the polyhydramnios and prevented premature delivery, resulting in a full-term healthy infant delivered vaginally at thirty-nine weeks. "
2.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis) 07/01/2002 - "Polyhydramnios occurred in 6 of 9 surviving live births and was partially relieved after hemodialysis. " 09/01/1988 - "Polyhydramnios appears to be a major complication in women dependent upon chronic hemodialysis." 07/01/1990 - "We report a case of successfully managed pregnancy complicated by maternal chronic renal failure requiring hemodialysis, severe intrauterine growth retardation and polyhydramnios. " 07/01/2008 - "Pregnancy in women on hemodialysis is very uncommon, and rates of spontaneous abortion, hypertension, pre-eclampsia, polyhydramnios, pre-term labor, and premature birth are high. " 07/01/2010 - "We analyzed maternal and fetal outcomes of 52 pregnancies, as well as their relationship with various clinical, laboratory, and hemodialysis parameters, such as pre-eclampsia, pregnancy before or after dialysis therapy, hemodialysis dose, polyhydramnios, anemia, and predialysis serum urea level. "
3.	Cervical Cerclage 01/01/2010 - "The rate of cesarean section and cervical cerclage was significantly higher in the group I. Polyhydramnios occurred less frequently in group I than in group III. The discordant growth of fetuses occurred significantly more frequently in the group I. The frequency of other complications did not differ in the studied groups. " 01/01/2006 - "Exclusion criteria were: previous preterm delivery, or mid-trimester abortion or termination of pregnancy, multiple gestation, oligo- or polyhydramnios, placenta previa, fetal abnormalities, uterine malformations, cervical incompetence, cervical cerclage, or receipt of an antibiotic effective against BV or GBS following the screening. "
4.	Cesarean Section (Caesarean Section) 03/01/2014 - "We report a case of CMN in a 30 week old premature female neonate seen at autopsy who was born to a 26-year-old woman by emergency cesarean section on account of polyhydramnios. " 06/01/2012 - "We report a case of congenital midaortic syndrome with bilateral renal artery atresia in a premature female neonate born by way of caesarean section secondary to acute onset of decreased fetal movement and polyhydramnios. " 10/01/2010 - "The placentas were collected from 51 patients who underwent elective Cesarean sections at term, of which 21 cases had idiopathic polyhydramnios and the other 30 had normal amniotic fluid volume. " 09/01/2010 - "More pregnancies with polyhydramnios were delivered by Cesarean section (83.0% vs. 62%; P = 0.006), with the majority being performed electively in both groups (79.6% and 70.3%, respectively). " 04/01/2009 - "At 33 weeks and 2 days' gestation, Cesarean section was performed because of uncontrolled uterine contractions associated with polyhydramnios. "
5.	Induced Abortion (Induced Abortions) 01/01/1980 - "In 3 per cent of the cases there was a previous abortion and in 18 per cent it appeared that there was previous hydramnios. " 01/01/2014 - "Multivariate analyses identified the following as risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth among women with at least one previous birth: a previous preterm birth (ORadj = 3.19, 2.30-4.43), multiple pregnancy (ORadj = 29.06, 8.43-100.2), cervical insufficiency (ORadj = 2.93, 1.07-8.05), foetal malformation (ORadj = 2.63, 1.43-4.85), polyhydramnios (ORadj = 2.30, 1.17-4.54), vaginal bleeding (ORadj = 2.16, 1.50-3.11), and previous abortion (ORadj = 1.39, 1.08-1.78). " 06/01/1990 - "An analysis of 30,621 consecutive deliveries showed that previous abortion, bleeding during pregnancy, polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios, operative delivery, multiple pregnancy, abnormal placentation, and primary cesarean were each associated with unexpectedly high transfusion rates. " 09/01/1975 - "When the effects of other variables were taken into account, there were no significant changes in frequency following an induced abortion as to: ABO and rhesus isoimmunization, toxemia, hydramnios, premature rupture of membranes, induction of labor, breech or vacuum delivery, cesarean section, breech presentation, placenta previa, placental abruption, cord prolapse, cord anomalies, fetal distress or asphyxia, post-partum hemorrhage." 03/01/1984 - "In the present studies, the content and the in vitro production of prolactin by decidua as well as the concentrations of prolactin in amniotic fluid, maternal and fetal serum in normal term pregnancies, induced abortions at various gestational ages, and in pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, and polyhydramnios were measured. "