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Hyaluronic Acid (Hyaluronan)

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A natural high-viscosity mucopolysaccharide with alternating beta (1-3) glucuronide and beta (1-4) glucosaminidic bonds. It is found in the UMBILICAL CORD, in VITREOUS BODY and in SYNOVIAL FLUID. A high urinary level is found in PROGERIA.

Also Known As:

Hyaluronan; Advanced Medical Optics Brand of Sodium Hyaluronidate; Advanced Medical Optics, Inc. Brand of Sodium Hyaluronate; Akorn, Inc. Brand of Sodium Hyaluronate; Amo Vitrax; Amvisc; Anika Therapeutics Brand of Sodium Hyaluronidate; Bausch and Lomb Brand of Sodium Hyaluronate; Biolon; Etamucine; Healon; Hyaluronate Sodium; Hyvisc; Luronit; Sodium Hyaluronate; Acid, Hyaluronic; Hyaluronate, Sodium; Vitrax, Amo; Hyaluronic acid

Networked: 5516 relevant articles (397 outcomes, 831 trials/studies)

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Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Carbohydrates: 4088
- Polysaccharides: 2929
  - Glycosaminoglycans: 2808
    - Hyaluronic Acid: 5516

Experts

1.	Hascall, Vincent C: 33 articles (10/2015 - 09/2002)
2.	Kimata, Koji: 29 articles (08/2014 - 05/2002)
3.	Wight, Thomas N: 28 articles (08/2015 - 02/2002)
4.	Park, Jae Hyung: 22 articles (12/2015 - 01/2010)
5.	Bourguignon, Lilly Y W: 22 articles (01/2015 - 10/2002)
6.	Lokeshwar, Vinata B: 22 articles (01/2014 - 07/2002)
7.	Tammi, Markku: 21 articles (10/2015 - 02/2002)
8.	Tammi, Raija: 21 articles (10/2015 - 02/2002)
9.	Toole, Bryan P: 21 articles (05/2015 - 02/2002)
10.	Calatroni, Alberto: 20 articles (05/2015 - 01/2003)

Related Diseases

1.	Osteoarthritis 01/01/2014 - "Although current evidence appears to favor PRP over hyaluronan for the treatment of osteoarthritis, the efficacy of PRP therapy remains unpredictable owing to the highly heterogeneous nature of reported studies and the variable composition of the PRP preparations. " 04/03/2009 - "The results of these studies demonstrate that enhanced chondrocyte survival and improved mitochondrial function under conditions of oxidative injury are probably important therapeutic mechanisms for the actions of hyaluronic acid in osteoarthritis." 12/01/2008 - "Clinically affected dogs had significantly greater degrees of pathologic findings, compared with dogs with surgically induced osteoarthritis (ie, those with CrCLt, GR, and MR stifle joints), and with respect to lameness scores, radiographic signs of osteoarthritis, pathologic findings on arthroscopy, and synovial fluid hyaluronan concentration. " 03/01/2012 - "However, evidence of efficacy of hyaluronic acid in ankle osteoarthritis is still lacking: several studies have been performed without a control group, or have shown similar results to those obtained with different therapeutic procedures. " 03/01/2015 - "Is intra-articular hyaluronic acid effective in treating osteoarthritis of the hip joint?"
2.	Pain (Aches) 09/01/2007 - "On the other hand, if patients were old and inactive with household ambulation, using intra-articular Sodium Hyaluronate was beneficial in improving pain, stiffness, and function but not ambulation level with 86.56% of excellent or good in overall satisfaction level. " 02/01/2015 - "These results were followed by two randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials, both showing significant improvement compared with placebo or hyaluronan acid in one study for quality of life, pain, and patient assessed efficacy when ACS was administered in the human knee. " 04/01/2014 - "Hyaluronic acid is safe and effective in the treatment of mild femoroacetabular impingement, with significant pain reduction and function improvement." 06/01/2013 - "Our preliminary clinical experience showed promising results upon the use of hyaluronan gel, considering that it significantly reduced pain in the short term, facilitating a more comfortable rehabilitation. " 04/16/2009 - "Single application of high-viscosity hyaluronan shows superior range of motion and pain reduction as well as improvement in clinical results. "
3.	Knee Osteoarthritis 01/01/2011 - "Euflexxa(®) (high molecular weight hyaluronate), a bioengineered high molecular weight hyaluronan, has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment for patients with knee osteoarthritis. " 05/01/2003 - "The results showed that both intra-articular hyaluronic acid and 6-MPA treatments provide clinically significant improvement and demonstrated that Na HA has a long-term beneficial effect in patients with knee osteoarthritis." 01/01/2015 - "Thus it can be proved that content of IL-1β in knee joint synovial fluid KOA patients is higher than healthy people; sodium hyaluronate can reduce the content of IL-1β in synovial joints and can be effective in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. " 01/01/2013 - "Platelet-rich plasma injection is more effective than hyaluronic acid in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis." 04/01/2010 - "Is hyaluronate sodium effective in the management of knee osteoarthritis? "
4.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/28/2015 - "Most importantly, hyaluronic acid effectively improved the uptake of drug loaded nanocarriers by tumor cells. " 04/01/1993 - "A hyaluronic acid-supported complex was the most effective against the tumors (all six mice survived for 60 days). " 01/01/2005 - "A more complete understanding of the mechanisms whereby hyaluronan exerts its influences on cell behavior will enhance our understanding of normal and pathological EMTs and may lead to improved therapies for cancer patients." 01/01/2014 - "Finally, our results suggest that combinatorial therapies inhibiting both FGFR activity and hyaluronan synthesis is more effective than targeting either pathway alone and may be a relevant therapeutic approach for breast cancers associated with high levels of FGFR activity. " 10/01/2004 - "There were significantly greater increases in the growth and the weight of subcutaneous tumors in the sodium hyaluronate group compared with the control group. "
5.	Vesico-Ureteral Reflux (Vesicoureteral Reflux) 10/01/2010 - "Endoscopic treatment of primary grade V vesicoureteral reflux using hyaluronic acid copolymer (DX/HA)." 10/01/2007 - "Endoscopic treatment with dextranomer/hyaluronic acid is safe and highly effective for eradicating high grade vesicoureteral reflux in infants. " 05/01/2014 - "Dextranomer hyaluronic acid (DxHA) copolymer, an agent with proven efficacy in vesicoureteral reflux, was studied with respect to its effects on the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). " 05/01/2013 - "Our results confirm the safety and efficacy of endoscopic injection of dextranomer/hyaluronic acid in eradicating intermediate and high grade vesicoureteral reflux in patients with complete duplex systems. " 05/01/2013 - "Dextranomer/hyaluronic acid endoscopic injection is effective in the treatment of intermediate and high grade vesicoureteral reflux in patients with complete duplex systems."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	dextranomer
2.	Hyaluronic Acid (Hyaluronan)
3.	hylan
4.	Laminin (Merosin)
5.	Mitomycin (Mitomycin-C)
6.	Hydrogel
7.	Alanine Transaminase (SGPT)
8.	Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
9.	Chondroitin Sulfates (Chondroitin Sulfate)
10.	Hydroxyproline (4 Hydroxyproline)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Injections
2.	Intra-Articular Injections
3.	Viscosupplementation
4.	Intravesical Administration
5.	Laminectomy