Hirudins

Single-chain polypeptides of about 65 amino acids (7 kDa) from LEECHES that have a neutral hydrophobic N terminus, an acidic hydrophilic C terminus, and a compact, hydrophobic core region. Recombinant hirudins lack tyr-63 sulfation and are referred to as 'desulfato-hirudins'. They form a stable non-covalent complex with ALPHA-THROMBIN, thereby abolishing its ability to cleave FIBRINOGEN.

Also Known As:

Networked: 582 relevant articles (68 outcomes, 91 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Koster, A: 7 articles (02/2001 - 01/2000)
2.	Kuppe, H: 7 articles (02/2001 - 01/2000)
3.	Harenberg, J: 6 articles (01/2015 - 01/2000)
4.	Greinacher, A: 6 articles (08/2002 - 08/2000)
5.	Hetzer, R: 6 articles (02/2001 - 01/2000)
6.	Mertzlufft, F: 6 articles (02/2001 - 02/2000)
7.	Huhle, G: 6 articles (01/2001 - 01/2000)
8.	Hoffmann, U: 6 articles (01/2001 - 01/2000)
9.	Lubenow, N: 5 articles (08/2002 - 08/2000)
10.	Eikelboom, John W: 4 articles (09/2012 - 01/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Thrombosis (Thrombus) 04/01/1995 - "Patency rates at 120 minutes were only improved by the 1.00 mg/kg hirudin dose, and in accord, thrombus weights were significantly reduced only by the 1.00 mg/kg dose of hirudin. " 05/01/1995 - "In a randomized, blind study the antithrombotic efficacy of dermatan sulphate (DS), recombinant hirudin (r-hirudin) and four commercially available low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) was investigated after intravenous administration in a jugular vein thrombus model in rabbits utilizing a combination of endothelial damage and flow reduction. " 02/01/1994 - "Little improvement in the incidence of reocclusion and mortality in a model of coronary artery thrombosis/thrombolysis resulted from adjunctive treatment with r-hirudin." 01/01/2005 - "In previous studies with r-hirudin in this model, platelet deposition was limited to a monolayer with complete inhibition of macroscopic thrombus. " 07/01/2014 - "TF immunoblockade or hirudin treatment did not prevent the AngII-induced acceleration of thrombosis. "
2.	Myocardial Infarction 01/01/2004 - "When applied in an appropriate dose as adjunct to thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction, randomized, controlled trials did not show a consistent benefit of r-hirudins, especially in the long-term. " 01/01/2004 - "In angiographic trials there were trends for patients treated with hirudin to be more likely to achieve Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) grade 3 flow at 90 minutes than patients treated with UFH (65% versus 57% in TIMI-5; 41% versus 33% in Hirudin for the Improvement of Thrombolysis [HIT]-4; statistically nonsignificant differences in both trials). " 09/12/1996 - "The predominant effect of hirudin was on myocardial infarction or reinfarction and was not influenced by ST-segment status. " 09/01/1996 - "Hirudin in acute myocardial infarction. " 10/01/1994 - "Hirudin in acute myocardial infarction. "
3.	Acute Coronary Syndrome 01/01/2002 - "Efficacy of hirudin in reducing cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing early percutaneous coronary intervention." 06/01/1996 - "Clinical trials of recombinant hirudin in acute coronary syndromes." 01/01/2004 - "In acute coronary syndromes, a definite role of r-hirudins has not yet been firmly established. " 10/01/2002 - "Hirudin in acute coronary syndromes." 10/01/2001 - "Privious trials indicated a narrow therapeutic window for hirudin and a number of aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time)-monitored trials investigating hirudin in acute coronary syndromes had to be stopped because of intracranial bleeding complications. "
4.	Hemorrhage 01/01/2004 - "Neither TIMI-9B nor GUSTO-IIB showed an improvement in efficacy (death or reinfarction) or an increase in bleeding with hirudin. " 02/01/2008 - "The purpose of this study was to design and evaluate hirudin (HIR) derivatives with low bleeding risk. " 01/01/1991 - "These studies suggest that r-hirudin anticoagulation may not require neutralization, since bleeding effects are not observed at effective antithrombotic dosages in individuals with normal hemostatic status.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)" 06/01/2015 - "It sucks blood by adhering to the mucosa and causes mucosal bleeding by secreting hirudin. " 01/01/2011 - "This report indicates that r-hirudin provides effective anticoagulation, however unless ECT is monitoring, post operative hemorrhage is encountered. "
5.	Venous Thrombosis (Deep-Vein Thrombosis) 03/01/1995 - "The aim of the study was to check the safety and clinical and radiographic efficacy of recombinant hirudin administered subcutaneously to patients with recent deep venous thrombosis and to analyse the pharmacokinetics of the product and its effects on tests of coagulation. " 01/01/2006 - "Successful treatment of mesenterial venous thrombosis with recombinant hirudin--a report of five cases." 10/01/2002 - "Hirudin for prophylaxis and treatment of deep vein thrombosis." 01/01/2000 - "We present a case of progressive ileofemoral deep venous thrombosis in a patient with a history of HIT in order to review the combined use of hirudin and thrombolysis in this setting." 01/01/2000 - "Successful anticoagulation with hirudin in a patient with mesenteric venous thrombosis and multiple coagulation abnormalities."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Heparin (Liquaemin)
2.	Thrombin
3.	Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin (Heparin, Low Molecular Weight)
4.	lepirudin (Refludan)
5.	desirudin (Iprivask)
6.	Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
7.	bivalirudin (Angiomax)
8.	Antithrombins
9.	argatroban (MPQA)
10.	ximelagatran (Exanta)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Angioplasty (Angioplasty, Transluminal)
2.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis)
3.	Cardiopulmonary Bypass (Heart-Lung Bypass)
4.	Thrombolytic Therapy
5.	Renal Replacement Therapy (Therapies, Renal Replacement)