Hexokinase

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP and a D-hexose to ADP and a D-hexose 6-phosphate. D-Glucose, D-mannose, D-fructose, sorbitol, and D-glucosamine can act as acceptors; ITP and dATP can act as donors. The liver isoenzyme has sometimes been called glucokinase. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.7.1.1.

Also Known As:

Networked: 985 relevant articles (16 outcomes, 72 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Nakajima, Takashi: 11 articles (02/2014 - 01/2008)
2.	Oriuchi, Noboru: 10 articles (02/2014 - 06/2005)
3.	Zuurbier, Coert J: 9 articles (04/2014 - 07/2005)
4.	Hollmann, Markus W: 8 articles (04/2014 - 06/2009)
5.	Eerbeek, Otto: 8 articles (04/2014 - 07/2005)
6.	Kaira, Kyoichi: 8 articles (02/2014 - 01/2011)
7.	Endo, Masahiro: 8 articles (02/2014 - 01/2011)
8.	Takahashi, Toshiaki: 8 articles (02/2014 - 01/2011)
9.	Yamamoto, Nobuyuki: 8 articles (02/2014 - 01/2011)
10.	Laakso, Markku: 8 articles (08/2013 - 07/2005)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 11/01/2006 - "We describe improved suicide gene therapy against cancer through transcripitional targeting by a strong and selective tumor-specific human hexokinase II promoter (hHKII). " 09/10/2002 - "Thus, we now have a much better molecular understanding of the high glycolytic phenotype of many cancers, the pivotal roles that Type II hexokinase-mitochondrial interactions play in this process to promote tumor cell growth and survival, and how this new knowledge can lead to improved therapies that may ultimately turn the tide on our losing war on cancer." 04/01/2002 - "LND is effective against a number of tumors, including head, neck and breast cancers, probably because of the inhibition of mitochondrial electron transport and the enzyme hexokinase and to the induction of apoptosis. " 11/08/2001 - "Significantly, studies described here show that the VX2 tumor exhibits a high glycolytic/high hexokinase phenotype that is retained following implantation and growth in rabbit liver. " 02/01/1992 - "These studies indicate that within normal tissues hexokinase binds preferentially to nonmitochondrial receptor sites but upon transformation of such cells to yield poorly differentiated, highly malignant tumors, the overexpressed enzyme binds preferentially to outer mitochondrial membrane receptors. "
2.	Body Weight (Weight, Body) 04/01/2000 - "The extract caused an increase in body weight, total haemoglobin and hepatic hexokinase. " 03/01/1977 - "Previous administration of alpha-glycerophosphate into rabbit female (at a dose of 1.3 g/kg of body weight) was accompanied by an increase in the hexokinase activity in liver mitochondria and in brain cytoplasmic fraction of fetus as well as in the total homogenate of both tissue. " 06/01/1972 - "The activities of both fructose diphosphatase and phosphofructokinase vary inversely with the body weight of the bee, whereas that of hexokinase is relatively constant. " 01/01/1997 - "Lead, when administered to male rats for 8 weeks in a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight, resulted in the impairment of the enzymes hexokinase and total ATPase in the cerebral and cerebellar regions of the brain. " 09/01/1996 - "2. The activities of hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and citrate synthase in the lymphoid organs were markedly raised due to a daily administration of fish oil by gavage (0.4% of body weight). "
3.	Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Hepatoma) 09/01/2007 - "Apoptosis-inducing antitumor efficacy of hexokinase II inhibitor in hepatocellular carcinoma." 06/01/2012 - "The present study aimed to analyze the expression of hexokinase II and its clinical correlation with clinical factors in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who treated surgically in China. " 02/21/1995 - "In a previous study, we found that the steady state transcript level of type II hexokinase was specifically and remarkably elevated in rat hepatoma AH130 cells. " 11/25/1988 - "Previous studies from this laboratory have shown that mitochondrial bound hexokinase is markedly elevated in highly glycolytic hepatoma cells (Parry, D. " 02/01/2015 - "Evidence for heightened hexokinase II immunoexpression in hepatocyte dysplasia and hepatocellular carcinoma."
4.	Anoxia (Hypoxia) 03/01/2005 - "This study demonstrates that hypoxia stimulates HCC cellular growth through hexokinase II induction, and its inhibition induces apoptotic cell death. " 12/15/2015 - "Cardioprotective adaptation of rats to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia is accompanied by the increased association of hexokinase with mitochondria." 12/01/2014 - "Dicer mediating the expression of miR-143 and miR-155 regulates hexokinase II associated cellular response to hypoxia." 09/01/2013 - "Hexokinase regulation in the hepatopancreas and foot muscle of the anoxia-tolerant marine mollusc, Littorina littorea." 06/01/2013 - "Both gene and protein expressions of GLUT1 and hexokinase II were strengthened, whereas only the protein expression of HIF-1α was stronger in hypoxia than that in normoxia (P < .05). "
5.	Experimental Diabetes Mellitus 07/01/1970 - "[Hexokinase activity of cardiac muscle in animals with alloxan diabetes]." 09/01/1967 - "A study of the effect of alloxan-diabetes on mammary-gland hexokinase during the mid-lactation period revealed that, although the total glucose-phosphorylating capacity of the mammary gland was almost unchanged, the relative contributions of type I and type II hexokinases altered, decreasing the type II/type I activity ratio to about 1." 10/01/1968 - "The effect of anti-insulin serum and alloxan-diabetes on the distribution and multiple forms of hexokinase in lactating rat mammary gland." 03/01/1984 - "The present paper is concerned with the effects of the above-indicated compounds on the activity of glycogen phosphorylase (a- and b-forms), phosphoprotein phosphatase and hexokinase in liver and muscle tissues of white rats with alloxan diabetes. " 09/01/1969 - "3. On the basis of activity/two fat-pads, alloxan-diabetes caused a marked decrease, to about half the control value, in the activities of all the enzymes concerned in the pentose phosphate pathway, transketolase showing the smallest decrease; hexokinase and phosphoglucose isomerase activities were also decreased. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Glucose (Dextrose)
2.	Enzymes
3.	Blood Glucose (Blood Sugar)
4.	Pyruvate Kinase
5.	Glucose-6-Phosphatase (Glucose 6 Phosphatase)
6.	Fatty Acid Synthetase Complex (Fatty Acid Synthase)
7.	Glycosylated Hemoglobin A (Glycosylated Hemoglobin)
8.	Facilitative Glucose Transport Proteins (Glucose Transporter)
9.	Insulin (Novolin)
10.	Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Oral Administration
3.	Radiotherapy
4.	Intraperitoneal Injections
5.	Heterologous Transplantation (Xenotransplantation)