Umbilical Hernia (Omphalocele)

A HERNIA due to an imperfect closure or weakness of the umbilical ring. It appears as a skin-covered protrusion at the UMBILICUS during crying, coughing, or straining. The hernia generally consists of OMENTUM or SMALL INTESTINE. The vast majority of umbilical hernias are congenital but can be acquired due to severe abdominal distention.

Also Known As:

Networked: 917 relevant articles (34 outcomes, 83 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Gastroschisis
2.	Postoperative Pain
3.	Pain (Aches)
4.	Umbilical Hernia (Omphalocele)
5.	Hernia (Hernias)

Experts

1.	Thompson, Jennifer: 16 articles (02/2013 - 01/2008)
2.	Puri, Prem: 15 articles (02/2013 - 12/2008)
3.	Doi, Takashi: 14 articles (08/2019 - 12/2008)
4.	Bannigan, John: 14 articles (06/2012 - 01/2008)
5.	National Birth Defects Prevention Study: 6 articles (01/2022 - 02/2012)
6.	Romitti, Paul A: 5 articles (01/2022 - 02/2011)
7.	Lange, J F: 4 articles (02/2021 - 09/2011)
8.	Fujiwara, Naho: 4 articles (08/2019 - 02/2012)
9.	Druschel, Charlotte M: 4 articles (05/2012 - 07/2005)
10.	Denning, Naomi-Liza: 3 articles (03/2022 - 01/2019)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Umbilical Hernia:

1.	Analgesics (Analgesic Drugs)IBA 11/01/2011 - "Prospective randomized observer-blinded study comparing the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided rectus sheath block and local anaesthetic infiltration for umbilical hernia repair." 01/01/2022 - "To determine whether TAP block or local anaesthetic infiltration is the best analgesic option after inguinal or infra-umbilical hernia repair. " 03/01/2018 - "Regional analgesic techniques such as the rectus sheath block (RSB) offer improved pain management following elective umbilical hernia repair in the pediatric population. " 10/01/2010 - "One hundred adult patients, scheduled for elective inguinal or umbilical hernia surgery, were included in the study and allocated to two groups, to receive analgesics on demand (control), or postoperative analgesia according to the introduced programs. " 12/01/2017 - "The aim of this randomized double-blind study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of the bilateral ultrasound guided rectus sheath block as supplement of general anesthesia on patents undergoing elective umbilical hernia repair. "
2.	Local AnestheticsIBA 01/01/2017 - "A total of 39 patients undergoing umbilical hernia repair were randomized to receive a caudal epidural block (CDL), ultrasound-guided bilateral rectus sheath blocks (RSB), or surgical site infiltration (SSI) with local anesthetic. " 08/01/2013 - "Ultrasonography-guided bilateral rectus sheath block vs local anesthetic infiltration after pediatric umbilical hernia repair: a prospective randomized clinical trial." 03/01/1956 - "Repair of omphalocele under local anesthetic." 08/01/2013 - "To compare efficacy of ultrasonography-guided BRSB and local anesthetic infiltration (LAI) in providing postoperative analgesia after pediatric umbilical hernia repair. " 09/09/2022 - "This study aimed to compare the analgesia between rectus sheath block and local anesthetic infiltration in child pediatric umbilical hernia repair. "
3.	Folic Acid (Vitamin M)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2005 - "Folate-related genes and omphalocele." 05/01/2002 - "Omphalocele can occur in certain multiple congenital anomaly patterns with neural tube defects, for which a protective effect of multivitamins with folic acid has been demonstrated. " 01/01/2021 - "There was no observable reduction of cleft palate, umbilical hernia, stillbirth or caesarean section associated with folic acid supplementation during pregnancy in the study colony. " 01/01/2021 - "A logistic regression model identified the relative risk of disease (cleft palates, umbilical hernias, stillbirths and caesarean sections) for puppies whose dams did or did not receive folic acid supplementation. " 01/01/2021 - "To investigate if maternal folic acid supplementation (5 mg) is associated with a reduction of cleft palates, umbilical hernias, stillbirths and caesarean sections in a guide dog breeding colony. "
4.	Lidocaine (Xylocaine)FDA LinkGeneric 09/13/2023 - "The aim of the study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of tramadol and lidocaine for local anesthesia during umbilical hernia repair in swine. " 03/24/2023 - "Romifidine IM followed by intravenous tramadol, as a bolus or slow injection and local infiltration with lidocaine provided adequate sedation and analgesia in calves undergoing umbilical hernia repair." 10/01/2005 - ": The aim of the present study was to investigate whether epidural administration of a xylazine-lidocaine combination accompanied by xylazine sedation would provide satisfactory analgesia for some surgical procedures on 10 calves admitted to the Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Kafkas with perineal urolithiasis (n:2), rectovaginal fistula (n:1), atresia ani (n:2), omphalophlebitis (n:2), omphaloarteritis (n:1) and umbilical hernia (n:2).Following intramuscular injection of xylazine at a dose of 0.05 mg/kg for sedation, xylazine-lidocaine combination (0.2 mg/kg lidocaine + 0.02 mg/kg xylazine + 5 ml 0.9% NaCl) was administrated into the lumbosacral (L6-S1), sacrococcygeal (S5-Co1) or intercoccygeal (Co1-Co2) space. " 09/13/2023 - "Tramadol vs. Lidocaine Administered Intraperitoneally and in Incisional Lines for the Intraoperative and Postoperative Pain Management of Romifidine-Telazol-Anesthetized Swine Undergoing Umbilical Hernia Repair."
5.	Opioid Analgesics (Opioids)IBA 07/01/2020 - "Opioid stewardship can be improved after pediatric umbilical hernia repair using a low-fidelity educational intervention. " 03/01/2022 - "Our multicenter study demonstrates sustained reduction in opioid prescribing after pediatric umbilical hernia repair after a provider-based educational intervention. " 03/01/2022 - "Opioid prescribing information was collected for pediatric patients undergoing umbilical hernia repair at nine centers between December 2018 and January 2019, one year after the start of an education intervention. " 01/01/2022 - "After collecting opioid prescribing and patient consumption data from March 2019-December 2019 in inguinal and umbilical hernia repair, the Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative (ACHQC) Opioid Reduction Task Force presented data at a Quality Improvement (QI) Summit to educate surgeons on strategies to minimize opioid prescribing. " 02/01/2021 - "Opioid Prescribing and Use After Pediatric Umbilical Hernia Repair."
6.	Bupivacaine (Bupivacaine Hydrochloride)FDA LinkGeneric 04/15/2016 - "We present the case of an otherwise healthy 12-month-old girl undergoing repair of a giant omphalocele, who experienced a postoperative seizure attributed to accumulation of bupivacaine from an epidural infusion. " 01/01/2014 - "Liposomal bupivacaine infiltration into the transversus abdominis plane for postsurgical analgesia in open abdominal umbilical hernia repair: results from a cohort of 13 patients." 09/01/2014 - "Compare the effectiveness and bupivacaine absorption following USGRSB or wound infiltration (WI) for umbilical hernia repair in children. " 01/01/2014 - "We assessed the safety and efficacy of a prolonged-release liposomal formulation of the local anesthetic bupivacaine administered via infiltration into the TAP in a cohort of patients undergoing open abdominal umbilical hernia repair. " 01/01/2014 - "Patients included in the study were 18-75 years of age, had American Society of Anesthesiologists physical classification status 1-3, and underwent open abdominal umbilical hernia repair with ultrasound-guided TAP infiltration immediately after surgery using an equal-volume bilateral infusion of liposomal bupivacaine 266 mg (diluted to 30 mL in normal saline). "
7.	Tramadol (K315)FDA LinkGeneric 03/24/2023 - "Twenty Frisian calves undergoing umbilical hernia repair received romifidine (0.08 mg/kg IM; time 0) followed by tramadol (1 mg/kg IV) 5 min later either as a bolus (n = 10, B group) or a slow injection over 10 min (n = 10, SI group). " 03/24/2023 - "Tramadol Administered Intravenously Either as a Bolus or a Slow Injection in Pain Management of Romifidine-Sedated Calves Undergoing Umbilical Hernia Repair." 09/13/2023 - "The aim of the study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of tramadol and lidocaine for local anesthesia during umbilical hernia repair in swine. " 03/24/2023 - "Romifidine IM followed by intravenous tramadol, as a bolus or slow injection and local infiltration with lidocaine provided adequate sedation and analgesia in calves undergoing umbilical hernia repair." 09/13/2023 - "Tramadol vs. Lidocaine Administered Intraperitoneally and in Incisional Lines for the Intraoperative and Postoperative Pain Management of Romifidine-Telazol-Anesthetized Swine Undergoing Umbilical Hernia Repair."
8.	Ibuprofen (Motrin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2017 - "This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative intravenous (IV) ibuprofen on postoperative pain level and narcotic use in patients undergoing open or laparoscopic inguinal and/or umbilical hernia repair. " 02/01/2003 - "In rabbits, diflunisal induced DH, VSD, and MD (omphalocele) and single incidences of VSD and MD (gastroschisis) were noted in the ibuprofen group; no other developmental findings were associated with treatment. " 01/01/2017 - "Considerable variability in postoperative narcotic analgesic requirement was noted, and larger scale studies are needed to better understand the narcotic analgesic requirements associated with IV ibuprofen in inguinal/umbilical hernia repair patients."
9.	Narcotics (Narcotic Analgesics)IBA 01/01/2017 - "This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative intravenous (IV) ibuprofen on postoperative pain level and narcotic use in patients undergoing open or laparoscopic inguinal and/or umbilical hernia repair. " 01/01/2017 - "Considerable variability in postoperative narcotic analgesic requirement was noted, and larger scale studies are needed to better understand the narcotic analgesic requirements associated with IV ibuprofen in inguinal/umbilical hernia repair patients."
10.	1,3- bis(4- amidinophenoxy)- 2- (4- amidinophenoxymethyl)ethylpropaneIBA 06/01/2016 - "Although many reports describe the usefulness of the rectus sheath block (RSB) in the umbilical hernia repair, the efficacy of the transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) is rarely reported. " 06/01/2016 - "The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and technique of ultrasound-guided RSB and TAPB in children undergoing umbilical hernia repair. " 06/01/2016 - "TAPB provided comparable perioperative analgesia and easiness of block performance to RSB in the pediatric umbilical hernia repair."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Conservative Treatment 08/01/1996 - "Initial conservative management of the omphalocele until there is improvement in the respiratory status may result in a better outcome." 10/24/1964 - "IMPROVED CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF EXOMPHALOS." 04/01/2020 - "Operative versus conservative treatment for giant omphalocele: Study of French and Ivorian management." 08/01/2019 - "Current published studies and our institutional retrospective study recommend that conservative management of asymptomatic, uncomplicated umbilical hernias until age 4-5 years is both safe and practical." 03/01/2006 - "This study conducts us to question western reports which recommend conservative therapy for umbilical hernia in children."
2.	Analgesia 11/01/2011 - "We undertook an observer-blinded, randomized, prospective, observational study to compare the efficacy of ultrasound-guided RSB and LAI in providing postoperative analgesia for umbilical hernia repair. " 01/01/1997 - "This preliminary study describes a new technique to provide analgesia in children undergoing umbilical hernia repair. " 01/01/2017 - "We describe a successful perioperative analgesia with ultrasound-guided para-umbilical block after pediatric umbilical hernia surgery. " 01/01/2017 - "All the three techniques provided effective analgesia following umbilical hernia repair. " 09/01/2014 - "USGRSB provides more effective analgesia than WI for umbilical hernia repair. "
3.	Sutures (Suture) 02/01/2019 - "Open mesh repair was associated with significant reduction in the recurrence rate in comparison to suture repair of umbilical hernia." 02/01/2019 - "The use of a double running suture line with non-absorbable material with umbilical hernias led to good results in our patients. " 02/01/2019 - "The aim of this meta-analysis is to include RCTs to examine whether open mesh repair of umbilical hernia produces a better outcome than suture repair in adult patients. " 12/01/2022 - "Previous studies on the repair of small umbilical hernias have suggested a lower recurrence rate with mesh compared to suture repair. " 01/01/2022 - "Suture or Mesh Repair of the Smallest Umbilical Hernias: A Nationwide Database Study."
4.	Cesarean Section (Caesarean Section) 01/10/2003 - "Ventral wall defects: there is no conclusive evidence that cesarean section is beneficial for fetuses with omphalocele. " 01/01/2019 - "Routine practice of umbilical hernia repair in combination with cesarean section cannot be recommended. " 01/01/2012 - "Planned cesarean section performed at 40 weeks of pregnancy gave birth to an infant with a giant omphalocele 8-9 cm in size with an abdominal wall defect approximately 5 cm in size. " 08/01/2004 - "The combined procedure took significantly longer than cesarean section alone in the case of inguinal but not umbilical hernia. " 08/01/2004 - "The combination of cesarean section with inguinal or umbilical hernia repair is safe, effective, and well-accepted compared with cesarean section alone. "
5.	Local Anesthesia 01/01/2017 - "Local anesthesia might be useful in the treatment of umbilical hernia as well. " 02/01/2022 - "Local anesthesia (LA) for open umbilical hernia tissue repair (OUHTR) is not widely utilized in academic centers in the United States. " 10/01/2021 - "We utilized the 1998-2018 Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program to identify patients who underwent elective, open umbilical hernia repair under general or local anesthesia. " 10/01/2021 - "Local Anesthesia is Associated with Fewer Complications in Umbilical Hernia Repair in Frail Veterans." 01/01/2017 - "We, therefore, propose a randomized controlled trial comparing general versus local anesthesia for umbilical hernia repair."