Heptachlor

A man-made compound previously used to control termites and other insects. Even though production of heptachlor was phased out of use in the United States during the late 1980's it remains in soil and hazardous waste sites. It is clearly toxic to animals and humans but, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has determined that heptachlor is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (From ATSDR Public Heath Statement, April 1989)

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Networked: 83 relevant articles (2 outcomes, 8 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Sandler, Dale P: 3 articles (01/2018 - 10/2013)
2.	Hoppin, Jane A: 3 articles (01/2017 - 02/2007)
3.	Beane Freeman, Laura E: 2 articles (01/2018 - 01/2017)
4.	Goldner, Whitney S: 2 articles (01/2018 - 10/2013)
5.	Kamel, Freya: 2 articles (01/2018 - 10/2013)
6.	Koutros, Stella: 2 articles (01/2018 - 01/2017)
7.	Lerro, Catherine C: 2 articles (01/2018 - 01/2017)
8.	Blair, Aaron: 2 articles (01/2017 - 02/2007)
9.	Hong, Seokheon: 2 articles (02/2014 - 08/2013)
10.	Hwang, Joohyun: 2 articles (02/2014 - 08/2013)

Related Diseases

1.	Body Weight (Weight, Body) 11/01/1990 - "Diets that contained 25 mg/kg, or more, heptachlor resulted in a significant decrease in feed consumption, while 50 mg/kg, or more, heptachlor caused a significant reduction in body weights. " 03/01/2017 - "In the F1 generation, heptachlor treatment induced decreased body weight at weaning, increased female anogenital distance, and delayed vaginal opening. " 11/01/1997 - "The testes in rats treated with 25 mg/kg body weight of heptachlor showed some pathological changes. " 02/01/1995 - "At a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight, heptachlor caused a significant decrease in average body weight (P < 0.01), disrupted and/or prolonged oestrous cycles, decreased mating success (P < 0.001), slightly increased gestation length (P < 0.05) and decreased litter size (P < 0.01)." 02/01/1995 - "Heptachlor affected body weights, cycle patterns, length of gestation period and litter sizes in a dose-related manner. "
2.	Birth Weight (Birth Weights) 02/01/1993 - "Gestation length, litter size and birth weight of kits were not significantly affected by adult female consumption of 6.25 ppm heptachlor while kits helped by females on the 12.5 ppm diet weighed significantly less than control kits at birth. "
3.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2005 - "In an ecologic study design, this report compares mortality and cancer incidence rates of children and adolescents born from 1980 to 1982 to rates of children born before and after the heptachlor episode. " 01/01/2005 - "Overall, this report found no indication of higher mortality or cancer incidence among children born during the heptachlor contamination period." 01/01/2005 - "However, a slightly higher occurrence of cancer for the heptachlor-exposed cohort when they were 15-19 years old deserves continued observation in the future. " 01/01/2005 - "Mortality and cancer incidence among children and adolescents in Hawaii 20 years after a heptachlor contamination episode." 12/15/2003 - "It has been shown that heptachlor is a tumor-promoting agent, but the mechanisms involved still remain unclear. "
4.	Breast Neoplasms (Breast Cancer) 01/01/2021 - "From the detected organochlorine pesticides, heptachlor was observed at higher concentration for breast cancer patients (6.90±4.37 μg/L) and controls (9.15±3.84 μg/L). " 04/01/1996 - "Taken together, these results suggest that heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide can alter GJIC at the post-translational level, and that, under the conditions of exceeding a threshold concentration in the breast tissue containing 'initiated' cells for a long time and not being counteracted by anti-tumor-promoting chemicals, they could act as breast tumor promoters." 04/01/1997 - "This paper discusses breast cancer patterns in Hawaii in the context of documented episodes of exposure to two endocrine-disrupting chemicals, chlordane/heptachlor and 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP), at levels that sometimes exceeded federal standards by several orders of magnitude. " 01/01/2021 - "Mean serum level of p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, heptachlor, gamma-chlordane, endosulfan, and dibutyl-chlorendate were significantly higher in the serum of breast cancer patients than the controls. " 07/01/2015 - "In the unadjusted models, β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), hexachlorobenzene, heptachlor, polychlorinated biphenyl congeners 138, 153, and 180, and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) were positively associated with breast cancer risk. "
5.	Leukemia 06/26/1998 - "As a tumor promoter, heptachlor induces human myeloblastic leukemia cells to differentiate, and also down-regulates the tumor suppressor gene p53 in human immune cells. " 06/01/1991 - "Effects of heptachlor, an organochlorine pesticide, on human myeloblastic leukemia ML-1 cells were determined. " 01/01/1991 - "The effect of the insecticide heptachlor on ras proto-oncogene expression in human myeloblastic leukemia (ML-1) cells." 01/01/1987 - "Leukemias and blood dyscrasias following exposure to chlordane and heptachlor." 02/01/2007 - "Our chemical-specific findings are based on small numbers and multiple comparisons, and should be interpreted with caution; however, some observed associations (lindane and NHL, chlordane/heptachlor and leukemia) are supported by previous evidence."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Chlordan (Chlordane)
2.	Insecticides
3.	DDT
4.	Carcinogens
5.	Chlorinated Hydrocarbons
6.	Dieldrin
7.	Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene (DDE)
8.	Toxaphene
9.	Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD)
10.	Pentachlorophenol (Sodium Pentachlorophenate)