Hemoglobinuria

The presence of free HEMOGLOBIN in the URINE, indicating hemolysis of ERYTHROCYTES within the vascular system. After saturating the hemoglobin-binding proteins (HAPTOGLOBINS), free hemoglobin begins to appear in the urine.

Networked: 240 relevant articles (11 outcomes, 15 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Hemolysis
2.	Hemolytic Anemia
3.	Acidosis
4.	Anemia
5.	Paroxysmal Hemoglobinuria (Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria)

Experts

1.	Rother, Russell P: 3 articles (05/2009 - 02/2004)
2.	Gordeuk, Victor R: 2 articles (10/2015 - 01/2011)
3.	Hashimoto, Takeshi: 2 articles (09/2015 - 07/2012)
4.	Kagawa, Tatehiro: 2 articles (09/2015 - 07/2012)
5.	Myojin, Kazunori: 2 articles (09/2015 - 07/2012)
6.	Itou, Chihiro: 2 articles (09/2015 - 07/2012)
7.	Koizumi, Jun: 2 articles (09/2015 - 07/2012)
8.	Burrows, Patricia E: 2 articles (03/2013 - 09/2012)
9.	Risitano, Antonio M: 2 articles (01/2013 - 06/2008)
10.	Lin, Jen-Jar: 2 articles (03/2009 - 12/2007)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Hemoglobinuria:

1.	HaptoglobinsIBA 01/01/1980 - "From the above it may be concluded that the administration of haptoglobin is effective for the prevention of hemoglobinuria and subsequent renal damage." 09/01/1978 - "Clinical study of haptoglobin therapy for prevention of hemoglobinuria." 01/01/1994 - "Hemoglobinuria reappeared 2 hours after haptoglobin was first administered. " 10/01/1990 - "Though prominent hemoglobinemia was observed in both cases, the serum haptoglobin values were not saturated and hemoglobinuria was not detectable. " 04/01/1985 - "The time required for macroscopic hemoglobinuria to clear showed a statistically significant difference between the haptoglobin-treated patients and the control patients. "
2.	Hemoglobins (Hemoglobin)IBA 02/01/1986 - "Clinical studies on canine dirofilarial hemoglobinuria: relationship between the presence of heartworm mass at the tricuspid valve orifice and plasma hemoglobin concentration." 03/01/2009 - "Elevated levels of circulating plasma free hemoglobin (FHb) has been linked to the development of hemoglobinuria nephropathy. " 01/01/2007 - "Accordingly, we now describe in detail the mechanisms by which hemoglobinuria may induce renal injury and raise the question as to whether CPB-associated AKI may actually be, in a significant part, a form of pigment nephropathy where hemoglobin is the pigment responsible for renal injury. " 03/01/2005 - "Evanescent wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy (EW-CRDS) is used to observe the adsorption isotherm for hemoglobin (Hb) from controlled urine samples to assess the potential for rapid diagnosis in hemoglobinuria. " 08/01/1997 - "However, unmodified bovine hemoglobin did demonstrate significant hemoglobinuria (Hb excretion levels in excess of 1.0% of the infused dose [p < 0.05]) at all infusion rates given while PEG modified bovine hemoglobin did not. "
3.	Complement System Proteins (Complement)IBA 06/01/1996 - "These findings suggest that PNH remains stable when the number of complement-sensitive erythrocytes remains fairly constant, and that the PNH III erythrocyte count is especially related to the frequency of hemoglobinuria. " 06/01/1993 - "Paroxystic nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired hemolytic anaemia related to an increase susceptibility of erythrocytes to complement-mediated lysis. " 09/01/1984 - "Complement sensitivity of erythroid and myeloid precursors in paroxysmal in nocturnal hemoglobinuria." 02/05/2004 - "This antibody against terminal complement protein C5 reduces intravascular hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, and the need for transfusion, with an associated improvement in the quality of life in patients with PNH." 08/01/1987 - "[Relation between the complement sensitive red cells and the frequency of exacerbation of hemoglobinuria in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria]."
4.	Glutathione (Reduced Glutathione)IBA 10/01/1999 - "The increased rate of removal of blood radioactivity was accompanied by a rapid decline in reduced glutathione levels in the blood, decreased hematocrits, marked hemoglobinuria, splenic enlargement, and reticulocytosis. " 04/01/2012 - "Significantly decreased level of nitrites and increased value of glutathione was found in patients with hemoglobinuria and jaundice, respectively. " 08/01/1987 - "During the time cows 6 and 7 had hemoglobinuria, both cows had a marked decrease in serum inorganic phosphorus, RBC adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), and reduced glutathione, and a significant (P less than 0.01) increase in methemoglobin concentration. "
5.	Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)IBA 02/01/1974 - "Letter: Adenosine triphosphate in paroxysmal noctural hemoglobinuria red blood cell." 04/01/1992 - "2. Dogs having HK RBCs (HK dogs) revealed no clinical and hematological changes after administration of L-sorbose, whereas normal dogs (LK dogs) developed severe hemolytic anemia associated with hemoglobinuria and marked decreases of erythrocyte ATP concentrations. " 08/01/1987 - "During the time cows 6 and 7 had hemoglobinuria, PCV, hemoglobin concentration, and RBC count decreased progressively and reached nadir values, 40% to 50% of baseline values, on day 22 in cow 6 and on day 19 in cow 7. Cows 6 and 7 were anemic, even after serum inorganic phosphorus and RBC ATP values returned to acceptable values. " 08/01/1987 - "During the time cows 6 and 7 had hemoglobinuria, both cows had a marked decrease in serum inorganic phosphorus, RBC adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), and reduced glutathione, and a significant (P less than 0.01) increase in methemoglobin concentration. "
6.	Danazol (Azol)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1990 - "Case report of a 39-year-old woman treated by Danazol for a paroxystic nocturnal hemoglobinuria who developed benign intracranial hypertension and sclerosing cholangitis. " 09/01/1990 - "When treated with danazol by mouth, the hemoglobin level increased approximately 2 to 5 grams in each patient within 3 week, and clinical hemoglobinuria improved. "
7.	AdenosineFDA LinkGeneric 12/01/1996 - "Dimethylsulfone, an analog of DMSO that does not affect RBCs, did not cause hemoglobinuria and did not affect urinary adenosine. " 12/01/1996 - "Boluses and infusions of DMSO caused a reduction in urinary adenosine and a concomitant hemoglobinuria, and the ability of DMSO to reduce urinary adenosine was blocked by pretreatment with the ADA inhibitor erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine. " 08/01/1987 - "During the time cows 6 and 7 had hemoglobinuria, both cows had a marked decrease in serum inorganic phosphorus, RBC adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), and reduced glutathione, and a significant (P less than 0.01) increase in methemoglobin concentration. "
8.	SilkFDA Link 07/01/1968 - "Efficacy of maize silk in acute hemolytic anemia accompanied with hemoglobinuria. "
9.	Poloxamer (Poloxamer 407)IBA 08/01/1988 - "Poloxamer 188 (a non-ionic surfactant) and haptoglobin were given intravenously, and they proved to be quite effective in improving intravascular mechanical hemolysis and hemoglobinuria. "
10.	PhosphorusIBA 08/01/1987 - "During the time cows 6 and 7 had hemoglobinuria, PCV, hemoglobin concentration, and RBC count decreased progressively and reached nadir values, 40% to 50% of baseline values, on day 22 in cow 6 and on day 19 in cow 7. Cows 6 and 7 were anemic, even after serum inorganic phosphorus and RBC ATP values returned to acceptable values. " 08/01/1987 - "During the time cows 6 and 7 had hemoglobinuria, both cows had a marked decrease in serum inorganic phosphorus, RBC adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), and reduced glutathione, and a significant (P less than 0.01) increase in methemoglobin concentration. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Cardiopulmonary Bypass (Heart-Lung Bypass) 01/01/1990 - "The asanguinous hyperosmolar priming solution is beneficial for cardiopulmonary bypass in swine to greatly reduce fluid shifts, prevent metabolic acidosis, and eliminate hemoglobinuria." 02/01/2006 - "However, they had significantly lower mean hemoglobin levels during cardiopulmonary bypass compared to those sickle cell patients who did not exhibit hemoglobinuria (hemoglobin, 6.0 +/- 0.2 vs. 7.4 +/- 0.9 g x dL(-1), p < 0.01). "
2.	Surgical Instruments (Clip) 06/01/1988 - "Efficacy of heartworm removal in dogs with dirofilarial hemoglobinuria using flexible alligator forceps."
3.	Sclerotherapy 09/01/2012 - "The risk of hemoglobinuria increased with higher adjusted dose (sclerosant volume/weight of patient) for both agents and with sclerotherapy of venous malformations affecting the lower extremities and multiple locations. " 09/01/2012 - "The purpose of this article is to study the incidence, risk factors, and treatment of gross hemoglobinuria and oliguria following sclerotherapy for venous malformations. " 09/01/2012 - "Transient hemoglobinuria and oliguria are common complications of sclerotherapy for venous malformation. " 09/01/2012 - "Transient hemoglobinuria occurred after 34% of the sclerotherapy procedures, and 57% of these were associated with transient oliguria, with increased risk with higher adjusted doses (sclerosant volume/weight of patient) for both agents. " 09/01/2012 - "Gross hemoglobinuria and oliguria are common transient complications of sclerotherapy for venous malformations: review of 475 procedures."
4.	Intravenous Injections 01/01/1934 - "3. Their intravenous injection into mice causes marked hemoglobinuria, anemia, and death. " 03/01/1941 - "STUDIES OF HEMOGLOBINEMIA AND HEMOGLOBINURIA PRODUCED IN MAN BY INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF HEMOGLOBIN SOLUTIONS." 09/26/1983 - "Intravenous injection of DMSO produced neuro-muscular disturbances, hemolysis, and hemoglobinuria in all animals. " 10/01/1965 - "Hypotension and hemoglobinuria in rats following intravenous injections of hypertonic solutions."
5.	Catheters 03/01/1969 - "Fatty acid was infused at a rate equal to the turnover rate of endogenous free fatty acids and the infusion was continued for 3 hr. During this time there was no evidence of hemolysis or hemoglobinuria; only on occasion did a small clot form at the tip of the infusion catheter. " 07/01/1991 - "For either catheter the quantity of free hemoglobin transfused could potentially cause a significant rise in serum bilirubin and hemoglobinuria."