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Glycogen Synthase (Synthase I)

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An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of D-glucose from UDPglucose into 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl chains. EC 2.4.1.11.

Also Known As:

Synthase I; Glycogen Synthetase; Glycogen (Starch) Synthase; Glycogen Synthase I; Synthase D; UDP-Glucose Glycogen Glucosyl Transferase; Synthase, Glycogen; Synthetase, Glycogen; UDP Glucose Glycogen Glucosyl Transferase; UDPglucose:glycogen 4-alpha-D-glucosyltransferase

Networked: 1112 relevant articles (26 outcomes, 93 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Enzymes and Coenzymes
- Enzymes: 34502
  - Transferases: 4296
    - Glycosyltransferases: 242
      - Hexosyltransferases
        Glucosyltransferases: 34
        Glycogen Synthase: 1112
        C1 peptide: 3
        amylopectin synthase

Experts

1.	Jope, Richard S: 17 articles (02/2014 - 07/2002)
2.	Woodgett, James R: 13 articles (06/2015 - 01/2002)
3.	Thiemermann, Christoph: 12 articles (09/2011 - 03/2006)
4.	Wang, Jian-Zhi: 11 articles (12/2015 - 01/2007)
5.	Avila, Jesús: 11 articles (01/2014 - 06/2002)
6.	Eldar-Finkelman, Hagit: 11 articles (09/2013 - 07/2002)
7.	Hernández, Félix: 9 articles (09/2015 - 12/2002)
8.	Koh, Seong-Ho: 9 articles (04/2013 - 07/2005)
9.	Wojtaszewski, Jørgen F P: 9 articles (11/2012 - 06/2002)
10.	Patel, Satish: 8 articles (12/2011 - 07/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Alzheimer Disease (Alzheimer's Disease) 01/01/2013 - "This pilot, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, escalating dose trial explored the safety and efficacy of tideglusib, an inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3, in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. " 06/01/2013 - "Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) expression in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease: a light and electron microscopy study." 10/01/2012 - "Finally, we study larvae with altered expression of the shaggy gene, a homolog of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3), which has been implicated in Alzheimer disease. " 01/01/2016 - "In this review, we have enlightened Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 which has been considered as a concrete cause for Alzheimer's disease. " 07/01/2014 - "The dysfunction of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) has been implicated in a number of diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. "
2.	Bipolar Disorder (Mania) 09/01/2011 - "Evidence for antimanic efficacy of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) inhibitors in a strain-specific model of acute mania." 07/01/2011 - "The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between glycogen synthase 3β gene polymorphisms and bipolar I disorder, manic in a Korean sample. " 11/01/2010 - "Preclinical studies have suggested that glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) is a potential therapeutic target in bipolar disorder, but evidence of abnormal GSK3 in human bipolar disorder and its response to treatment is still lacking. " 08/26/2015 - "TRPM2, a Susceptibility Gene for Bipolar Disorder, Regulates Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Activity in the Brain." 03/01/2015 - "Glycogen synthase kinase-3 β (GSK3β) is an intracellular enzyme directly implicated in several neural processes relevant to bipolar disorder (BD) pathophysiology. "
3.	Insulin Resistance 07/05/2015 - "Anti-diabetic efficacy of KICG1338, a novel glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor, and its molecular characterization in animal models of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance." 07/01/2003 - "The aim of the present study is to investigate whether Met416Val (M416V) polymorphism of glycogen synthase (GYS1) gene is associated with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. " 11/01/2012 - "The prophylactic effect of exercise on lipid-induced insulin resistance may involve augmented TBC1D4 signaling and glycogen synthase activation." 01/01/2011 - "Over-activity and elevated expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) has been implicated in the etiology of insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. " 12/01/2010 - "Specifically, alterations in Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3β protein expression in HF + SAT animals compared with HF + NC animals may be involved in mediating myocardial insulin resistance. "
4.	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (MODY) 12/01/1995 - "Previous studies have established that activation of muscle glycogen synthase (GS) is abnormal in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). " 09/01/2002 - "To determine the relationships of Met416Val and XbaI polymorphism of muscle glycogen synthase (GYS1) gene and Trg64Arg variant of the beta(3)-adrenergic-receptor (beta(3)-AR) gene with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and its intermediate phenotypes in the Chinese population. " 06/01/1999 - "Therefore, a defective skeletal muscle glycogen synthase activation may represent an early phenotypic expression of a genetic defect contributing to an increased risk of later development of NIDDM. " 11/01/1997 - "New variants in the glycogen synthase gene (Gln71His, Met416Val) in patients with NIDDM from eastern Finland." 02/01/1997 - "These results suggest that the XbaI polymorphism of the glycogen synthase gene cannot be used as a marker for NIDDM in the Russian population."
5.	Reperfusion Injury 07/01/2011 - "[The role of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta in the pathogenesis of liver ischemia reperfusion injury]." 05/01/2007 - "Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta inhibition attenuates the development of ischaemia/reperfusion injury of the gut." 01/05/2013 - "This suggests that β-catenin and glycogen synthase kinase-3β, both components of the Wnt signaling pathway, participate in cell apoptosis following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. " 01/05/2013 - "Dickkopf-1 administration, after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, results in decreased cell apoptosis, and β-catenin and glycogen synthase kinase-3β expression, in the CA1 region. " 01/05/2013 - "We investigated the role of the Wnt signaling pathway in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by examining β-catenin and glycogen synthase kinase-3β protein expression in the rat hippocampal CA1 region following acute cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Lithium
2.	Glycogen
3.	Insulin (Novolin)
4.	Glucose (Dextrose)
5.	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta
6.	Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3
7.	Enzymes
8.	Amyloid (Amyloid Fibrils)
9.	Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (1 Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase)
10.	Valproic Acid (Valproate, Semisodium)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Hepatectomy
2.	Heterologous Transplantation (Xenotransplantation)
3.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
4.	Ischemic Postconditioning
5.	Subcutaneous Infusions