Glucokinase

A group of enzymes that catalyzes the conversion of ATP and D-glucose to ADP and D-glucose 6-phosphate. They are found in invertebrates and microorganisms, and are highly specific for glucose. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.7.1.2.

Also Known As:

Networked: 1112 relevant articles (24 outcomes, 118 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Ellard, Sian: 24 articles (01/2020 - 09/2003)
2.	Hattersley, Andrew T: 20 articles (01/2020 - 09/2003)
3.	Gloyn, Anna L: 19 articles (07/2015 - 09/2003)
4.	Matschinsky, Franz M: 19 articles (02/2013 - 04/2002)
5.	Grimsby, Joseph: 14 articles (04/2013 - 04/2005)
6.	Hattersley, A T: 12 articles (11/2007 - 01/2000)
7.	Pfefferkorn, Jeffrey A: 10 articles (10/2019 - 02/2012)
8.	Agius, Loranne: 10 articles (01/2017 - 06/2003)
9.	Terauchi, Yasuo: 9 articles (10/2021 - 06/2004)
10.	Colclough, Kevin: 8 articles (01/2021 - 09/2006)

Related Diseases

1.	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (MODY) 10/01/1992 - "The discovery that glucokinase mutations can cause MODY and was also found in ten affected members of a pedigree with type 2 diabetes in which MODY had not previously been considered indicates that diagnosis based on molecular pathology will be helpful in understanding the aetiology of type 2 diabetes." 07/01/2023 - "PB-201 is the second glucokinase activator in the world to enter the phase III clinical trials for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). " 01/01/2023 - "A multicentre, randomized, double-blind, parallel, active- and placebo-controlled Phase 3 clinical study of the glucokinase activator PB-201 in treatment-naive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A study protocol." 01/01/2022 - "Glucokinase activators are regarded as potent candidates for diabetes treatment, however, in clinical studies on patients with type 2 diabetes, a diminishing efficacy was observed after chronic treatment with them. " 01/01/2020 - "Introduction: The prevalence among pregnant women with diabetes of monogenic diabetes due to glucokinase deficit (GCK-MODY) varies from 0 to 80% in different studies, based on the chosen selection criteria for genetic test. "
2.	Insulin Resistance 08/30/2017 - "Dairy Product Consumption Interacts with Glucokinase (GCK) Gene Polymorphisms Associated with Insulin Resistance." 04/01/2012 - "These findings suggest that chronic activation of glucokinase preserves beta cell mass and delays disease in the ZDF rat, a model of insulin resistance and progressive beta cell failure." 01/01/2012 - "Exendin-4-induced increase in hepatic glucokinase activity is more pronounced in the presence of hepatic insulin resistance. " 01/01/2007 - "Mice haploinsufficient for beta cell glucokinase (Gck) were unable to increase their beta cell mass in response to insulin resistance produced by high-fat feeding. " 12/01/2003 - "Moreover, we determined whether glucokinase overexpression counteracted high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance. "
3.	Hypoglycemia (Reactive Hypoglycemia) 02/01/2013 - "Selecting dosing regimens for phase 2 studies for a novel glucokinase activator LY2599506 is challenging due to the difficulty in modeling and assessing hypoglycemia risk. " 04/01/2002 - "In this study, a second case of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia due to activation of glucokinase is reported. " 11/15/2022 - "Genetic activation of glucokinase in a minority of pancreatic beta cells causes hypoglycemia in mice." 09/20/2022 - "Diagnosis, treatment and genetic analysis of a case of hypoglycemia caused by glucokinase gene mutation." 01/01/2022 - "Case Report: Hypoglycemia Due to a Novel Activating Glucokinase Variant in an Adult - a Molecular Approach."
4.	Hyperglycemia 01/01/2022 - "This study aimed to analyze molecular changes of the Glucokinase gene (GCK) in pregnant women with hyperglycemia during gestation and in their neonates. " 01/01/2021 - "In our study, we aimed to explore the mechanism of the novel mutation GCK p.Ala259Thr leading to glucokinase deficiency and hyperglycemia. " 08/01/2020 - "In conclusion, this novel GCK mutant rabbit generated with the CRISPR/Cas9 system mimics most, if not all, histopathological and functional defects seen in MODY-2 patients such as hyperglycemia and will be a valuable rabbit model for preclinical studies and drug screening for diabetes as well as for studying the pathophysiological role of glucokinase." 06/01/2023 - "Functionally disruptive variants in the glucokinase gene (GCK) cause a form of mild non-progressive hyperglycemia, which does not require pharmacological treatment. " 11/01/2022 - "Monogenic diabetes caused by mutation in the glucokinase gene (GCK-MD) is a rare disorder manifesting in childhood as mild, prevalent hyperglycemia. "
5.	Insulinoma 02/25/1983 - "Kinetic studies of insulinoma glucokinase also indicated similarity with liver glucokinase, i.e. " 02/01/2021 - "Both cellular hexokinases were expressed; glucokinase appeared to be overexpressed in insulinomas, compared with normal pancreatic tissue from the same dogs. " 05/01/2008 - "Non-insulinoma persistent hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia caused by an activating glucokinase mutation: hypoglycaemia unawareness and attacks." 11/15/1996 - "Reporter plasmids with the liver glucokinase promoter and any length of flanking sequence were minimally active in INS-1 insulinoma cells, and conversely reporters with the beta-cell-specific promoter were ineffective in primary hepatocytes. " 10/01/1992 - "Multiple elements in the upstream glucokinase promoter contribute to transcription in insulinoma cells."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Glucose (Dextrose)
2.	Insulin (Novolin)
3.	Enzymes
4.	Glycogen
5.	Nonesterified Fatty Acids (NEFA)
6.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
7.	Facilitative Glucose Transport Proteins (Glucose Transporter)
8.	Blood Glucose (Blood Sugar)
9.	Glucose-6-Phosphatase (Glucose 6 Phosphatase)
10.	Antioxidants

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Glycemic Control
2.	Therapeutics
3.	Investigational Therapies (Experimental Therapy)
4.	Injections
5.	Precision Medicine