Glomus Tumor (Glomus Tumors)

A blue-red, extremely painful vascular neoplasm involving a glomeriform arteriovenous anastomosis (glomus body), which may be found anywhere in the skin, most often in the distal portion of the fingers and toes, especially beneath the nail. It is composed of specialized pericytes (sometimes termed glomus cells), usually in single encapsulated nodular masses which may be several millimeters in diameter (From Stedman, 27th ed). CHEMODECTOMA, a tumor of NEURAL CREST origin, is also sometimes called a glomus tumor.

Also Known As:

Networked: 158 relevant articles (6 outcomes, 7 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
2.	Granuloma
3.	Neoplasm Metastasis (Metastasis)
4.	Hemangiopericytoma
5.	Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma

Experts

1.	Stewart, Douglas R: 3 articles (06/2012 - 09/2009)
2.	Sciot, Raf: 2 articles (05/2012 - 09/2009)
3.	Pemov, Alexander: 2 articles (05/2012 - 09/2009)
4.	Legius, Eric: 2 articles (05/2012 - 09/2009)
5.	Beert, Eline: 2 articles (05/2012 - 09/2009)
6.	Lee, Chyi-Chia Richard: 2 articles (05/2012 - 09/2009)
7.	Claes, Kathleen: 2 articles (05/2012 - 09/2009)
8.	Brems, Hilde: 2 articles (05/2012 - 09/2009)
9.	Mulliken, J B: 2 articles (02/2005 - 08/2001)
10.	Enjolras, O: 2 articles (02/2005 - 08/2001)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Glomus Tumor:

1.	tebufenozide (Mimic)IBA 07/01/2003 - "The characteristic contrast enhancement of glomus tumors can be helpful in the diagnostic workup of lesions that may mimic glomus tumors." 09/01/2012 - "Awareness of these variants is important as they may mimic glomus tumors or complicate middle ear surgery. " 03/01/2004 - "Glomus tumors often mimic an aberrant internal carotid artery. " 11/01/2003 - "They can mimic glomus tumor in appearance when encountered as middle ear masses. " 08/01/2001 - "Multiple plaquelike facial "glomangiomas" mimic a common venous malformation because of their blue hue. "
2.	CholesterolIBA 05/01/1990 - "When bone erosion occurs, CT can also be helpful in evaluation of the base of the skull to detect and define the extent of these lesions, for example, cholesterol granuloma and glomus tumor." 03/01/1981 - "The following patient with an isolated middle ear cholesterol granuloma presented with signs and symptoms more closely resembling a glomus tumor." 03/01/1989 - "MR can be used to further characterize tympanic cavity masses as effusion, glomus tumor, hemorrhage or cholesterol granuloma. " 09/01/2000 - "In this article, characteristic findings of several diseases in the temporal bone, such as, anomaly, cholesteatoma, cholesterol granuloma, glomus tumor and other tumors, are presented." 11/01/1988 - "It is extremely useful in the differentiation of pathologic processes arising from or involving the petrous pyramids, such as congenital cholesteatomas, cholesterol granulomas, and glomus tumors. "
3.	NeodymiumIBA 08/01/2013 - "We report a case of a 34-year-old man with a congenital plaque-like glomangioma on his left arm and forearm treated successfully with sequential pulsed-dye neodymium yttrium aluminum garnet laser. " 08/01/2013 - "Congenital plaque-like glomangioma treated successfully with dual wavelength pulsed-dye and neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser."
4.	Cerebrospinal fluid leakIBA 11/01/1992 - "For glomus tumors, cerebrospinal fluid leak rates have been dramatically reduced overall from 14.5% to 4%. "
5.	yttrium-aluminum-garnetIBA 08/01/2013 - "We report a case of a 34-year-old man with a congenital plaque-like glomangioma on his left arm and forearm treated successfully with sequential pulsed-dye neodymium yttrium aluminum garnet laser. " 08/01/2013 - "Congenital plaque-like glomangioma treated successfully with dual wavelength pulsed-dye and neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser."
6.	DesminIBA 12/01/1997 - "Epithelioid cells in human toes, finger tips, and glomus tumors did not express desmin, but it was present in rabbit ear. " 07/01/1997 - "In half of six cases, the glomus tumor cells weakly expressed desmin. " 02/01/1987 - "Desmin immunoreactivity in glomus tumors." 07/01/2011 - "Local excisions of all tumors were performed, and glomangiomas were diagnosed based on typical microscopic features as well as immunohistochemical findings, that is, positive immunoexpression for actin but negative for desmin, CD31, and CD34. " 02/01/2008 - "Strong immunoreactivity with antibodies to smooth muscle actin or desmin usually predicted a leiomyoma at follow-up aside from a single glomus tumor and a case with apparent nonneoplastic smooth muscle contaminant. "
7.	Collagen Type IV (Type IV Collagen)IBA 01/01/2011 - "The immunohistochemistry panel was positive for smooth muscle actin and type IV collagen, with low rate of mitosis studied by Ki-67 which allowed the final diagnosis of a gastric glomus tumor. " 05/01/2002 - "Immunohistochemical studies performed on cell block showed that the tumor cells were negative for CD34, CD117, chromogranin, synaptophysin, desmin and AE1/AE3 and were strongly positive for SMA, HHF-35 and collagen type IV. Glomus tumor was diagnosed and later confirmed by histology. " 10/01/1995 - "We immunostained 60 angioproliferative lesions (angiosarcoma, sclerosing hemangioma of skin, pyogenic granuloma, capillary hemangioma, lymphangioma, glomangioma and granulation tissue) and 23 cases of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) for the major macromolecular components laminin, collagen type IV, fibronectin and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG). " 04/01/2010 - "Immunohistochemistry was positive for α-smooth muscle actin and type IV collagen, weakly positive for synaptophysin, and negative for keratin, neural cell adhesion molecule, chromogranin A, desmin, CD34, and S100, leading to a diagnosis of glomus tumor. "
8.	SynaptophysinIBA 01/01/2015 - "This unique case and literature review yielded interesting findings and enabled us to postulate that synaptophysin positivity may be indicative of atypical histological features in glomus tumors arising in visceral organs." 01/01/2015 - "A literature review revealed that glomus tumors in visceral organs positive for synaptophysin show histological atypical features in most cases. " 05/01/2002 - "Immunohistochemical studies performed on cell block showed that the tumor cells were negative for CD34, CD117, chromogranin, synaptophysin, desmin and AE1/AE3 and were strongly positive for SMA, HHF-35 and collagen type IV. Glomus tumor was diagnosed and later confirmed by histology. " 10/01/2008 - "Biopsies taken from the lesion showed morphological and immunohistochemical [positivity for alphasmooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and vimentin, negativity for CD34, CD117, chromogranin, synaptophysin, desmin and S-100 protein] characteristics attributable to glomus tumor. " 04/01/2010 - "Immunohistochemistry was positive for α-smooth muscle actin and type IV collagen, weakly positive for synaptophysin, and negative for keratin, neural cell adhesion molecule, chromogranin A, desmin, CD34, and S100, leading to a diagnosis of glomus tumor. "
9.	Blue rubber bleb nevus syndromeIBA 11/01/2009 - "Because the clinical differential diagnosis of multiple glomangiomas includes common venous malformation, particularly blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome, histopathological studies should be performed." 01/01/1967 - "[Multiple glomus tumors and blue rubber bleb nevus]." 04/01/2005 - "Multiple glomangiomas: potential for confusion with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome." 02/01/1982 - "Morphology, clinical findings and histological examination allow to recognize the solitary glomus tumor from the multiple glomus tumors and the blue rubber-bleb nevus-syndrome; however, the latter are more difficult to identify separately. "
10.	Succinate Dehydrogenase (Fumarate Reductase)IBA 05/15/2009 - "Functional study in a yeast model of a novel succinate dehydrogenase subunit B gene germline missense mutation (C191Y) diagnosed in a patient affected by a glomus tumor." 05/09/2002 - "The group of susceptibility genes for pheochromocytoma that included the proto-oncogene RET (associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 [MEN-2]) and the tumor-suppressor gene VHL (associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease) now also encompasses the newly identified genes for succinate dehydrogenase subunit D (SDHD) and succinate dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB), which predispose carriers to pheochromocytomas and glomus tumors. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Radiotherapy 01/01/2009 - "It is suggested that radiotherapy is a good treatment modality in patients with glomus tumor, and metabolic imaging and treatment planning with positron emission tomography computed tomography is superior to other imaging modalities." 10/01/1995 - "Long-term follow-up of 15 patients treated with definitive radiotherapy for advanced glomus tumors of the head and neck is presented. " 12/01/1994 - "Megavoltage radiotherapy is recommended for primary treatment of all glomus tumors that present with evidence of bone invasion or nerve involvement." 09/01/1987 - "Since 1975 we have adhered to the following therapeutic principles: We have given radiotherapy (5000 rads in twenty-eight days) to patients older than 65 with glomus tumors that had invaded posterior and medial cranial fossa and carotid canal (type C-D, according to Fisch). " 09/01/1979 - "--one very painful glomus tumor, radical treatment of which is surgical, in preference to radiotherapy. "
2.	Lasers (Laser) 09/01/1986 - "Laser treatment of hereditary multiple glomus tumors." 12/01/1978 - "Laser treatment of multiple progressive glomangiomas." 08/01/1981 - "Laser treatment of multiple glomangiomas: progress report 13 years after treatment." 03/01/1986 - "Advances in microsurgical techniques, with the use of the laser and the ultrasonic suction aspirator, have paved the way for even more aggressive surgical approaches to large skull-base lesions, such as glomus tumors, adenocarcinomas of the temporal bone, and cranial nerve neuromas. " 09/15/2009 - "In 12 NF1-associated glomus tumors, we used cell culture and laser capture microdissection to isolate DNA. "
3.	Retreatment 08/01/1994 - "Of the 4 tumors embolized but not operated on (3 metastases and 1 glomus tumor), 2 metastases needed retreatment after 6 and 8 months of remission, respectively. "
4.	Segmental Mastectomy (Lumpectomy) 05/01/1996 - "Subsequent morphologic studies on the lumpectomy specimen revealed a solid glomus tumor. "
5.	Sclerotherapy 05/01/2013 - "[Sclerotherapy for recurrent glomus tumors]." 02/01/2002 - "Multiple hereditary glomangiomas: successful treatment with sclerotherapy." 08/01/1998 - "We report on sclerotherapy in a 35 year old female patient with multiple hereditary glomus tumors." 02/01/2002 - "We present the successful sclerotherapy treatment of multiple glomangiomas using sodium tetradecyl sulphate in a 59-year-old man who presented with postoperative recurrence of multiple lesions."