Gases

The vapor state of matter; nonelastic fluids in which the molecules are in free movement and their mean positions far apart. Gases tend to expand indefinitely, to diffuse and mix readily with other gases, to have definite relations of volume, temperature, and pressure, and to condense or liquefy at low temperatures or under sufficient pressure. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Networked: 3381 relevant articles (109 outcomes, 265 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Ambrosino, N: 7 articles (09/2005 - 03/2000)
2.	Ainslie, Philip N: 6 articles (11/2015 - 05/2007)
3.	Seto, Yasuo: 6 articles (06/2015 - 12/2006)
4.	Torén, Kjell: 6 articles (05/2014 - 05/2003)
5.	Torén, K: 6 articles (09/2010 - 06/2000)
6.	Bianchi, L: 6 articles (09/2005 - 03/2000)
7.	Kostikas, Konstantinos: 5 articles (11/2014 - 11/2007)
8.	Kromhout, Hans: 5 articles (05/2014 - 11/2005)
9.	Kromhout, H: 5 articles (02/2014 - 08/2005)
10.	Vitacca, M: 5 articles (09/2005 - 06/2000)

Related Diseases

1.	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 01/01/1998 - "Noninvasive ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been shown to improve arterial blood gases but its long-term role has not been established. " 05/01/2014 - "The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether occupational exposure to vapors, gases, dusts, and fumes increases the mortality risk of COPD, especially among never smokers. " 01/01/2011 - "The purpose of this study was to examine blood gases and pH in COPD patients undergoing HD with bicarbonate dialysate. " 06/17/2006 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the need to assess arterial blood gases in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in accordance with spirometric values. " 06/17/2006 - "[Arterial blood gases study in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in accordance with spirometric values]."
2.	Respiratory Insufficiency (Respiratory Failure) 02/01/1989 - "The results of this study indicate that both HFPPV and HFJV are effective in short-term maintenance of normal blood gases in respiratory failure without any discernable differences in their effects on cardiovascular function. " 06/01/1998 - "In conclusion, in the tested settings VPAP-S/T is as effective as BiPAP-S/T in maintaining ventilation and controlling blood gases during sleep in patients with stable respiratory insufficiency." 12/01/1984 - "Surfactant replacement restores blood gases to normal in adult experimental animals with severe respiratory insufficiency induced by repeated lung lavage, suggesting that this type of treatment might be effective in clinical adult RDS." 01/01/2000 - "Up to 24 h after the start of ventilatory support blood gases were improved to values characteristic for partial respiratory insufficiency. " 01/01/1968 - "[Study of the variations of arterial blood gases during a 24-hour period in chronic respiratory insufficiency]."
3.	Anoxia (Hypoxia) 02/01/1986 - "The data obtained suggest that physiological reactions of O2 deficiency compensation in anemic hypoxia (increased O2 extraction, improved heart performance) can be substantially improved if the PFC emulsion is present in the blood flow as the PFC seems to enhance the mass transfer of blood gases." 06/01/1970 - "The ventilatory response to hypoxia was evaluated in two ways: (a) from the slope of the relationship between ventilation and alveolar P(Co2) ([unk]V(E)-P(ACo2) slope) during the rebreathing of hypoxic and hyperoxic gases, and (b) from the change in ventilation produced when hypoxia was abruptly relieved. " 09/01/1995 - "Studies in awake goats using an extracorporeal CB circuit to allow separation of systemic (CNS) and CB blood gases provided evidence that prolonged hypoxia isolated to the CB causes time-dependent increased CB sensitivity to hypoxia. " 09/01/1991 - "To study the effect of transient hypoxia on neural function in utero, we examined brainstem auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials in chronically instrumented fetal sheep subject to altered maternal inspired gases. " 01/01/2016 - "Spurious hypoxemia has been described in case reports during extreme hyperleukocytosis and has led to recommendations for immediate cooling and analysis of arterial blood gases (ABGs). "
4.	Hypercapnia 02/15/2011 - "Once hypercapnia was detected a trial of nocturnal noninvasive ventilation (NIV) was offered with important improvement of arterial blood gases (ABG), and subjective good quality of sleep. " 12/01/1997 - "This study evaluates the short-term effects of nasal PAV on arterial blood gases in stable patients with chronic hypercapnia. " 08/01/1995 - "Arterial blood gases demonstrated hypercapnia with maintenance of normoxia in loaded rats; these findings persisted for the duration of the study. " 03/01/2015 - "We investigated the subjective effects of resistive loaded breathing with stabilized P(ET)CO2 (isocapnia) during manual control of inspired gases on varying baseline levels of mild hypercapnia (increased P(ET)CO2). " 01/01/2015 - "Calibrating the BOLD response without administering gases: comparison of hypercapnia calibration with calibration using an asymmetric spin echo."
5.	Dyspnea (Shortness of Breath) 07/01/2011 - "There was meaningful improvement in the rehabilitation group in terms of pulmonary function tests (FEV1 % predicted value), artery blood gases (PaCO2), quality of life, dyspnea, and functional capacity. " 05/01/2001 - "Compared with the control measurement at equivalent time during exercise, PAV improved breathing pattern and arterial blood gases while dyspnea was reduced. " 08/15/2001 - "The study was aimed at assessing the diaphragm energy expenditure (PTPdi), lung resistance (RL) and elastance (EL), arterial blood gases (ABG), breathing pattern, and dyspnea measured by a visual analog scale during invasive pressure support ventilation (i-PSV) and noninvasive PSV (n-PSV). " 12/01/1992 - "Study data included medical history, assessment of dyspnea by Hugh-Jones classification, and measurement of daytime, awake arterial blood gases and spirometry. " 04/01/2015 - "However, FEV1-pl, patient-centered variables (dyspnea, quality of life, exercise tolerance, exacerbation frequency), arterial blood gases, and respiratory impedance were not significantly different between groups. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Oxygen
2.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)
3.	Almitrine (Vectarion)
4.	Morphine (MS Contin)
5.	Helium
6.	Medroxyprogesterone
7.	Heparin (Liquaemin)
8.	Carbon Monoxide
9.	Nitrogen
10.	Carbon Dioxide

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Positive-Pressure Respiration (PEEP)
2.	Length of Stay
3.	Artificial Respiration (Mechanical Ventilation)
4.	Resuscitation
5.	Anesthesia