Freund's Adjuvant

An antigen solution emulsified in mineral oil. The complete form is made up of killed, dried mycobacteria, usually M. tuberculosis, suspended in the oil phase. It is effective in stimulating cell-mediated immunity (IMMUNITY, CELLULAR) and potentiates the production of certain IMMUNOGLOBULINS in some animals. The incomplete form does not contain mycobacteria.

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Networked: 2219 relevant articles (62 outcomes, 260 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Ren, Ke: 31 articles (02/2013 - 05/2002)
2.	Lao, Lixing: 23 articles (02/2013 - 12/2003)
3.	Zhang, Rui-Xin: 19 articles (02/2013 - 12/2003)
4.	Berman, Brian M: 17 articles (02/2013 - 09/2004)
5.	Jarvis, Michael F: 16 articles (06/2014 - 12/2002)
6.	Ferreira, Juliano: 15 articles (04/2015 - 10/2002)
7.	Honore, Prisca: 15 articles (10/2010 - 10/2002)
8.	Calixto, João B: 13 articles (01/2013 - 10/2002)
9.	Ren, K: 12 articles (11/2013 - 01/2000)
10.	McGaraughty, Steve: 11 articles (06/2014 - 12/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Infection 10/01/2002 - "Immunization of mice with pneumococcal surface adhesin A (PsaA) emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) provides protection against systemic infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae. " 03/01/1999 - "We have previously shown that when injected with complete Freunds adjuvant, the 9B-antigen can induce 40% protection against challenge infection. " 03/01/1994 - "Rats injected intravenously or subcutaneously with complete Freund's adjuvant with non-viable oncospheres of Asian Taenia showed statistically significant resistance to challenge infection with eggs of T. " 10/01/1970 - "I. Protection against Plasmodium knowlesi shown by monkeys sensitized with drug-suppressed infections or by dead parasites in Freund's adjuvant." 10/01/2012 - "Furthermore, mice immunized with rBmP32 emulsified with Freund's adjuvant were not significantly protected against challenge infection with B. "
2.	Hyperalgesia 01/01/2015 - "The results of the present study showed that mechanical withdrawal thresholds of bilateral hindpaw were significantly decreased beginning on day three after intradiscal complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) injection and daily running exercise remarkably reduced allodynia in the CFA exercise group beginning at day 28 compared to the spontaneous recovery group (controls). " 08/30/2012 - "In this study, we investigated whether local administration of a specific KOR agonist, U50, 488 relieve mechanical hyperalgesia induced by the injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in the rat hindpaw, and whether there are sex differences. " 01/04/2012 - "In this study, we demonstrated that intraplantar administration of Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) in rats induced mechanical allodynia and place escape/avoidance behavior, which reflects the aversion of mechanical nociceptive stimuli. " 12/01/2011 - "In the current study, we investigated the possible involvement of Homer 1b/c in secondary hyperalgesia induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). " 06/30/2010 - "In this study, we investigated the hippocampal TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 1) expression in ovariectomized rats that received 17-beta-estradiol substitution and found that 17-beta-estradiol enhanced the mechanical allodynia of inflamed temporomandibular joint (TMJ) induced by complete Freund's adjuvant. "
3.	Pain (Aches) 11/01/2015 - "In this study, we combined social defeat (SD) stress with Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced persistent inflammatory pain to investigate the reciprocal relationship between anxiety-like and nociceptive behaviors in two mouse strains. " 06/01/2015 - "The current study shows that intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in mice significantly increases FAK autophosphorylation at Tyr397, indicating a close correlation of FAK activation with inflammatory pain. " 04/01/2015 - "The present study first demonstrated by in vivo two-photon microscopy imaging that structural synaptic plasticity occurred in the spinal dorsal horn immediately after the injection of complete Freund's adjuvant and may be involved in inflammatory pain. " 02/01/2015 - "The present study was designed to examine the expressions of TLR4 and microglia in the spinal cord in different time points of inflammatory pain induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). " 01/01/2015 - "This study was designed to investigate the possible role of spinal GRK2 in EA antiallodynic in a rat model with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) induced inflammatory pain. "
4.	Arthritis (Polyarthritis) 08/01/2014 - "ALA (2 and 4 ml/kg, i.p.) and LA (2 and 4 ml/kg, i.p.) were further tested for their efficacy against complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced (0.05 ml) arthritis in albino rats. " 01/01/2015 - "In the present study, we examined the analgesic effects of NB001, a selective inhibitor of AC1, on animal models of ankle joint arthritis and knee joint arthritis induced by complete Freund's adjuvant injection. " 01/01/2015 - "In the present study, the antioxidant and the immunomodulatory effect of Spirulina platensis as well as its anti-angiogenic effect against complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) in rat model were tested. " 01/01/2014 - "In this study, the anti-arthritic effect of 100 - 400 mg/kg/day of the hydroethanolic leaf extract of Alchornea cordifolia (HEAC) was investigated in Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritic rats as a way of evaluating its efficacy in the local management of arthritis. " 06/12/2013 - "In the present study, we used a model of arthritis in which complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) was injected into the rat ankle joint. "
5.	Inflammation 01/01/2015 - "This study aimed to investigate the effect of experimental inflammation, following dural application of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or inflammatory soup (IS) on brain and trigeminal microvascular passage. " 01/01/2014 - "The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between gender and neurochemical changes in trigeminal ganglia evoked by peripheral inflammation, induced by Complete Freund Adjuvant (CFA) administration. " 07/01/2013 - "In this experimental study, an inflammation in the left TMJ of 29 rats was induced by injection of complete Freund's adjuvant. " 04/29/2013 - "In the present study, we examined TNF-α expression in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) following injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the hind paw of mice to induce inflammation. " 01/01/2013 - "This study was aimed to characterize the depression-like behaviour in the classical model of chronic inflammation induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). "

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Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Injections
2.	Intra-Articular Injections
3.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
4.	Induced Abortion (Induced Abortions)
5.	Immunotherapy