Foot-and-Mouth Disease

A highly infectious disease caused by FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS that affects mammals of the ARTIODACTYLA order (CATTLE; SHEEP; GOATS; and PIGS) and is characterized by high fever followed by the appearance of blisters inside the mouth and on the feet.

Also Known As:

Foot and Mouth Disease; Disease, Foot-and-Mouth; Diseases, Foot-and-Mouth; Foot-and-Mouth Diseases

Networked: 1264 relevant articles (76 outcomes, 121 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Virus Diseases (Viral Diseases)
2.	Classical Swine Fever (Swine Fever)
3.	Influenza in Birds (Avian Flu)
4.	African Swine Fever
5.	Pseudorabies

Experts

1.	Park, Jong-Hyeon: 36 articles (06/2022 - 01/2012)
2.	Kim, Byounghan: 31 articles (03/2021 - 06/2013)
3.	Kim, Su-Mi: 23 articles (06/2022 - 01/2012)
4.	Barnett, P V: 21 articles (08/2015 - 02/2001)
5.	Ko, Young-Joon: 16 articles (04/2022 - 01/2012)
6.	Grubman, Marvin J: 16 articles (01/2018 - 01/2003)
7.	Dekker, Aldo: 15 articles (06/2021 - 10/2006)
8.	Paton, D J: 15 articles (06/2021 - 02/2004)
9.	Ko, Mi-Kyeong: 15 articles (02/2021 - 09/2014)
10.	Lee, Min Ja: 14 articles (06/2022 - 01/2019)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Foot-and-Mouth Disease:

1.	VaccinesIBA 10/01/2015 - "A comparison study was conducted to explore the best internationally available adjuvant that could be used in production of a highly potent foot and mouth disease (FMD) vaccine, that could stimulate a strong immune response and possibly give greater protection against FMD. " 01/01/1990 - "1. Development and testing of highly effective and well-tolerated foot-and-mouth disease vaccine for swine using Dessauer oil adjuvants]." 03/01/1985 - "Improved foot and mouth disease (FMD) vaccines which have increased efficiency and stability are highly desirable. " 01/01/2020 - "Inactivated Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) vaccine has proven to be effective in the control of the disease. " 10/28/2022 - "In recent decades, FMD has been effectively controlled and even successfully eradicated in some countries or regions through mandatory vaccination with inactivated foot-and-mouth disease vaccines. "
2.	DNA VaccinesIBA 04/12/2013 - "The limited efficacy of DNA vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in cattle and other natural hosts has prompted a search for a more effective vaccination regimen. " 08/01/2011 - "Improved immune response by ID-pVAC: a secretory DNA vaccine construct delivered by PLG micro particles against foot and mouth disease in guinea pigs." 01/01/2005 - "DNA vaccine has been tested for protection against foot-and-mouth disease. " 09/01/2012 - "Upconversion nanoparticles modified with aminosilanes as carriers of DNA vaccine for foot-and-mouth disease." 04/01/2012 - "Progress in the development of DNA vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease."
3.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)FDA Link 04/23/2011 - "In this study, an immunochromatographic strip with non-structural protein (NSP) 2C'3AB was developed and validated to differentiate foot-and-mouth disease infected from vaccinated animals. " 01/01/2021 - "Swabs and serum were tested by the OIE/FAO World Reference Laboratory for foot-and-mouth disease (WRLFMD) using pan-serotypic real-time reverse transcription-PCR (rRT-PCR) and serum was evaluated using the FMD PrioCHECK non-structural protein (NSP) ELISA. " 12/01/2018 - "Nonstructural protein 2B of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus (FMDV) is comprised of a small, hydrophobic, 154-amino-acid protein. " 11/01/2018 - "When foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) occurs and a "vaccination-to-live" policy is adopted in a country, the country must perform serological surveillance of a nonstructural protein (NSP) of FMD virus. " 10/01/2016 - "Constitutively Active IRF7/IRF3 Fusion Protein Completely Protects Swine against Foot-and-Mouth Disease."
4.	SaponinsIBA 01/01/1976 - "Studies about the adjuvant activity of saponin fractions in foot and mouth disease vaccine. " 06/01/1973 - "Studies about the adjuvant activity of saponin fractions in foot and mouth disease vaccine. " 07/01/2021 - "To enhance the potency of a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine, saponin was included in the vaccine formula. " 09/01/2020 - "Saponins from Quillaja saponaria have been commonly used as immunomodulatory adjuvants in foot-and-mouth disease vaccines (FMDVs). " 09/01/2020 - "A liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) method for identification analysis of saponins from Quillaja saponaria bark extracts in foot-and-mouth disease vaccines: Development, validation and applicability."
5.	Peptides (Polypeptides)IBA 07/01/1982 - "Protection against foot-and-mouth disease by immunization with a chemically synthesized peptide predicted from the viral nucleotide sequence." 07/01/2003 - "These results indicate that intranasal inoculation with the peptide offers a potential route of vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease and may be useful for eliciting protection in the upper respiratory tracts of susceptible animals." 12/01/2000 - "Peptide constructs consisting of 44-53 aa were synthesized on the basis of sequences 135-159, 170-190 and 197-213 of VP1 from the foot-and-mouth disease A22 strain. " 08/06/1999 - "Differentiation of convalescent animals from those vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease by a peptide ELISA." 07/16/1999 - "Protection of swine from foot-and-mouth disease with one dose of an all-D retro peptide."
6.	AntibodiesIBA 12/01/2012 - "This study was designed to describe the status of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in Ethiopia, through analysis of FMD outbreak reports and the detection of antibodies, to address the possibility of establishing a disease-free zone. " 10/01/2022 - "KEY POINTS: • A new ELISA for detection of foot and mouth disease (FMD) antibodies. " 04/24/2022 - "Age-Dependent Dynamics of Maternally Derived Antibodies (MDAs) and Understanding MDA-Mediated Immune Tolerance in Foot-and-Mouth Disease-Vaccinated Pigs." 11/07/2020 - "However, lower Foot and mouth disease (FMD) -specific antibodies were reduced on day 7 compared to those of the control group. " 01/01/2018 - "The Development and Validation of a Novel Nanobody-Based Competitive ELISA for the Detection of Foot and Mouth Disease 3ABC Antibodies in Cattle."
7.	Inactivated VaccinesIBA 05/01/2012 - "CpG-enriched plasmid enhances the efficacy of the traditional foot-and-mouth disease killed vaccine." 10/10/2023 - "Characterization of T-cell subsets in response to foot-and-mouth disease bivalent inactivated vaccine in Chinese Holstein cows." 01/01/2023 - "Inactivated vaccines are limited in preventing foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) due to safety problems. " 01/01/2020 - "In spite of annual mass vaccination programs with polyvalent inactivated vaccines, the incidence and economic impact of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Egypt is high. " 12/16/2019 - "Evaluation of novel inactivated vaccines for the SAT 1, SAT 2 and SAT 3 serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease in pigs."
8.	Neutralizing AntibodiesIBA 01/01/1975 - "[Studies on the Relationship between immunity and the level of neutralizing antibodies in pigs vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease (author's transl)]." 11/01/1962 - "Studies on the nature of the nature of the neutralization reaction and the competition for neutralizing antibody between components of the virus system of foot-and-mouth disease." 07/01/2016 - "Strong early virus neutralizing antibody response will be useful for emergency or ring vaccinations against foot-and-mouth disease in target animals." 01/01/1990 - "[Seasonal variations in the formation of virus-neutralizing antibodies in cattle after vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease]." 04/01/1987 - "Sources of variability in foot and mouth disease vaccine potency estimates based on serum neutralizing antibody assay."
9.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 04/01/2012 - "Protection against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) using DNA technology has been documented for sheep and pigs but not for the highly susceptible species of cattle. " 04/01/2012 - "In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of DNA vaccination strategies for foot-and-mouth disease reported in the literature, in which we highlight the studies that have reported protection in the key target species." 09/01/2006 - "DNA vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease via electroporation: study of molecular approaches for enhancing VP1 antigenicity." 08/01/2007 - "Effects of chronic heat stress on immune responses of the foot-and-mouth disease DNA vaccination." 01/01/1999 - "Two DNA plasmids expressing genes of foot-and-mouth disease were constructed. "
10.	hydroxide ionIBA 12/04/2020 - "Layered double hydroxide nanoparticles as an adjuvant for inactivated foot-and-mouth disease vaccine in pigs." 01/01/1977 - "A foot-and-mouth disease trivalent vaccine composed of strains A24 Cruzeiro, O1 Caseros and C2 Resende elicited no immune response in swine when adjuvanted with aluminium hydroxide but was effective when emulsified in oil. " 12/13/2008 - "Ten male Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) were vaccinated with a commercially available standard aqueous foot-and-mouth-disease vaccine containing aluminium hydroxide as an adjuvant, and their antibody titres against serotypes O and A were measured using solid-phase blocking elisa and the virus neutralisation test. " 11/01/1994 - "Immune responses of sheep against inactivated foot-and-mouth disease PEG concentrated aluminium hydroxide gel vaccines." 01/01/1993 - "Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines prepared against types Asia-1 and O PEG-concentrated and adjuvanted with aluminium hydroxide gel were compared with oil-adjuvanted types Asia-1 and O vaccines in sheep. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 03/01/2014 - "Human enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the major causative agent of severe hand-foot-and-mouth diseases (HFMD) in young children, and structural characterization of EV71 during its life cycle can aid in the development of therapeutics against HFMD. " 05/01/1969 - "[Prevention and therapy of foot-and-mouth disease complications]." 09/01/1967 - "[Pathogenic therapy in complications of foot-and-mouth disease]." 01/01/1966 - "[Prevention and therapy of affection of the limbs in animals with foot-and-mouth disease]." 03/01/1948 - "Secondary irruption germs and sulphonamide therapy in foot and mouth disease."
2.	Oral Administration 03/26/2009 - "Enhancement of the immune responses to vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease in mice by oral administration of an extract made from Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (RAM)." 02/01/2013 - "Enhancement of the immune responses to foot-and-mouth disease vaccination in mice by oral administration of a novel polysaccharide from the roots of Radix Cyathulae officinalis Kuan (RC)." 01/01/2022 - "Enhancement of intestinal mucosal immunity and immune response to the foot-and-mouth disease vaccine by oral administration of danggui buxue decoction." 08/01/2016 - "Enhanced immune response to foot-and-mouth disease vaccine by oral administration of ginseng stem-leaf saponins."
3.	Microspheres (Microsphere) 05/01/2021 - "In addition, the protection rate of PLA/PEI microspheres loaded with DNA vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease in guinea pigs reached 87.5%, which was significantly higher than that of the pure DNA vaccine group. " 07/01/2000 - "Latex beads agglutination (LA) for the detection of the antibody against virus infection-associated (VIA) antigen of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus was estimated using experimentally infected animals. " 07/01/2000 - "Application of latex beads agglutination test for the detection of the antibody against virus-infection-associated (VIA) antigen of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus."
4.	Bioreactors (Bioreactor) 05/13/2021 - "Production of a Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Antigen Using Suspension-Adapted BHK-21 Cells in a Bioreactor."
5.	Corneal Transplantation (Keratoplasty) 01/01/2009 - "Pig is used both for the prevention of foot-and-mouth disease and human diseases, sheep is a model for corneal transplantation, and the horse naturally develops arthritis. "