Fatty Liver

Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS.

Also Known As:

Networked: 7370 relevant articles (347 outcomes, 800 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Obesity
2.	Insulin Resistance
3.	Inflammation
4.	Fibrosis (Cirrhosis)
5.	Fatty Liver

Experts

1.	Nobili, Valerio: 58 articles (09/2015 - 05/2005)
2.	Feldstein, Ariel E: 43 articles (08/2015 - 07/2004)
3.	Brunt, Elizabeth M: 43 articles (03/2015 - 01/2003)
4.	Sanyal, Arun J: 39 articles (11/2015 - 01/2002)
5.	Alisi, Anna: 39 articles (08/2015 - 10/2007)
6.	Diehl, Anna Mae: 38 articles (01/2016 - 01/2002)
7.	Valenti, Luca: 33 articles (01/2016 - 02/2002)
8.	Harrison, Stephen A: 33 articles (11/2015 - 01/2003)
9.	McCullough, Arthur J: 30 articles (11/2015 - 01/2002)
10.	Saibara, Toshiji: 28 articles (11/2015 - 05/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Fatty Liver:

1.	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseIBA 01/01/2012 - "For some patients with NAFLD/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, pharmacological treatment is the best option, although further studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and tolerability." 01/01/2006 - "No therapy has been proven effective for treating NAFLD/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. " 09/01/2015 - "The NAFLD group was categorized into an improved group (n = 110) and a sustained NAFLD group (n = 618) based on fatty liver disappearance at the second visit. " 01/01/2013 - "While risk factors for steatohepatitis have been identified, little work has been performed to identify factors protective against NAFLD development. " 08/01/2015 - "The potential efficacy of liver selective NO donors against liver steatosis and novel treatment approaches to modulate LSECs-driven liver pathology including NAFLD are also highlighted. "
2.	Insulin (Novolin)FDA Link 12/01/2011 - "Effective treatment of alcohol-related steatohepatitis most likely requires dual targeting of oxidative stress and insulin/IGF resistance." 03/01/2006 - "In univariate analysis, the efficacy of combination therapy was significantly associated with BMI (P=0.011), WHR (P=0.024), the levels of plasma insulin (P=0.001), genotype (P=0.036), presence of fatty liver (P=0.028), treatment dosage and duration (P=0.012) and HOMA-IR (P=0.002). " 07/01/2007 - "These studies demonstrate that SHP regulates the development of fatty liver by modulating hepatic lipid export, uptake, and synthesis, and that the improved peripheral insulin sensitivity in OB(-/-)/SHP(-/-) mice is associated with decreased hepatic steatosis." 08/01/2012 - "In conclusion, we demonstrated that ST treatment improved insulin sensitivity and decreased liver steatosis in mice fed on an HF diet. " 08/01/2014 - "This study identifies a novel function for hepatic miR-130a-3p in the regulation of insulin sensitivity and liver steatosis. "
3.	Glucose (Dextrose)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/1984 - "Since the inclusion of glucose or its metabolites in the alcohol diet fed to rats caused a marked decrease in the liver TG content, it is likely that the production or prevention of fatty liver is related to carbohydrate metabolism." 01/01/2011 - "Elevated GGT and GPT-values as well as estimates of fatty liver disease are significantly associated with pre-diabetes and diabetes and thus very useful first indicators of a disturbed glucose metabolism." 04/07/2015 - "CNIO-PI3Ki treatment also ameliorates liver steatosis and decreases glucose serum levels. " 10/01/2014 - "GTDF improved metabolic health, characterized by elevated glucose clearance, β-cell survival, reduced steatohepatitis, browning of white adipose tissue, and improved lipid profile in an AdipoR1-expressing but not an AdipoR1-depleted strain of diabetic mice. " 02/01/2014 - "SG mice showed improved glucose tolerance and lower levels of liver steatosis compared with controls (area under the curve, SG vs. PFS, P < 0.01; PFS vs. SALF, P < 0.05) (liver steatosis, SG vs. PFS, P < 0.05; PFS vs. SALF, P < 0.01). "
4.	Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol)IBA 01/01/2015 - "Results showed that SGR pretreatment markedly inhibited acute ethanol-induced liver steatosis, significantly reduced serum and hepatic triglyceride (TG) level, and improved classic histopathological changes. " 01/01/2011 - "LBP administration significantly ameliorated liver injury, prevented the progression of alcohol-induced fatty liver, and improved the antioxidant functions when compared with the ethanol group. " 03/01/2012 - "β-catenin is essential for ethanol metabolism and protection against alcohol-mediated liver steatosis in mice." 01/01/2015 - "Our previous study indicated that herbal SGR formula partially attenuates ethanol-induced fatty liver, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. " 02/21/2014 - "In this study, we examine (1) the expression of genes involved in Gro3P production in the liver of C57BL/6J mice in the context of hepatic TG accumulation after acute ethanol intake, and (2) the role of GPD1 in the progression of ethanol-induced fatty liver using GPD1 null mice. "
5.	CholesterolIBA 04/01/2011 - "Fatty liver developed in hypercholesterolemic rats with the high-cholesterol diet treatment, and this condition was markedly improved when rats were provided with turmeric supplements at 100 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg of body mass. " 07/01/2012 - "In the present study, the protective effects of gypenosides from Gynostemma pentaphyllum on fatty liver disease (FLD) were examined in rats treated with high fat and cholesterol diet and alcohol. " 07/01/2012 - "Protective effects of gypenosides against fatty liver disease induced by high fat and cholesterol diet and alcohol in rats." 01/01/2011 - "Our study established that hamsters fed with a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet developed fatty liver and mild diabetes. " 01/01/2011 - "Also, fatty liver (FL) is often associated with MS; therefore, we studied whether the association of FL increases sLDL- cholesterol (C) in subjects with MS. In total, 207 patients were enrolled in this study and FL was estimated by echogram. "
6.	Vitamin EFDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2013 - "Improved oxidative stress and cardio-metabolic status in obese prepubertal children with liver steatosis treated with lifestyle combined with Vitamin E." 05/01/2004 - "Vitamin E treatment in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A six-month, open-label study of sixteen patients." 01/01/2015 - "Ballooned hepatocytes, undead cells, sonic hedgehog, and vitamin E: therapeutic implications for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis." 08/01/2013 - "Antioxidant pharmacologic therapy such as use of vitamin E has shown some benefit in patients with biopsy-proven steatohepatitis. " 04/01/2011 - "Does vitamin E cure nonalcoholic steatohepatitis?"
7.	pioglitazone (Actos)FDA Link 07/01/2012 - "Pioglitazone is effective in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but the mechanisms of action are not completely understood. " 11/30/2006 - "In this proof-of-concept study, the administration of pioglitazone led to metabolic and histologic improvement in subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. " 10/01/2008 - "Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of pioglitazone in nondiabetic subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis." 04/01/2007 - "A placebo-controlled trial of pioglitazone in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis." 11/30/2006 - "A placebo-controlled trial of pioglitazone in subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis."
8.	Choline (Choline Chloride)IBA 05/01/2004 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vascular bed expansion (VBE) during cold preservation in graft survival Moderate liver steatosis in male Wistar rats (240-280 g) was induced by choline-deficient diet. " 01/01/1969 - "Studies on phospholipid metabolism in choline deficient fatty liver." 12/01/2014 - "Higher dietary choline intake may be associated with lower risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver only in normal-weight Chinese women." 12/01/2014 - "We examined the association between choline intake and nonalcoholic fatty liver. " 12/01/2014 - "However, it is unclear whether dietary choline intake is related to fatty liver in the general population. "
9.	Metformin (Glucophage)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/2005 - "It is suggestive that metformin might be effective in treating rat fatty liver induced by high fat feeding." 06/01/2006 - "The biguanide drug metformin has recently been found to improve steatosis and liver damage in animal models and in humans with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. " 08/01/2010 - "At the end of the study, the proportion of patients with echographic evidence of fatty liver was reduced in both the metformin (P<0.0001) and the diet group (P=0.029). " 06/01/2004 - "Previous studies demonstrated that in experimental animals fatty liver is associated with reduced hepatic blood flow and that metformin reverses steatosis, while no data were reported in humans. " 09/01/2015 - "Mechanism of Altered Metformin Distribution in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis."
10.	Methionine (L-Methionine)FDA Link 12/01/2014 - "In this study, C57BL/6J mice were fed a methionine-choline‑deficient (MCD) diet for eight weeks in order to induce hepatic steatohepatitis. " 07/01/2011 - "Rats fed the methionine-deficient diet with L-CBHcy developed fatty liver. " 01/01/2009 - "Metabolism of methionine in vivo: impact of pregnancy, protein restriction, and fatty liver disease." 03/01/2008 - "Methionine deficiency and hepatic injury in a dietary steatohepatitis model." 12/01/1964 - "METHIONINE DEFICIENCY AND FATTY LIVER IN MALE AND FEMALE RATS."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Transplants (Transplant) 11/01/2015 - "The present study demonstrated that AZ administration is a suitable pharmacological strategy for preserving fatty liver grafts against cold IRI. " 01/01/2003 - "The aim of this study was to determine whether the minimum necessary volume of a moderate fatty liver graft was similar to the normal liver volume and to elucidate means for improving the function of the transplanted fatty liver if it were inferior in volume to a normal liver under conditions of permissible cold preservation. " 01/01/2015 - "The results suggest that CA II modulation may be a promising target for fatty liver graft preservation." 01/01/2015 - "Two different aspects of the role of CA II in fatty liver grafts preservation were evaluated: 1) the effect of its addition to Institut Georges Lopez (IGL-1) storage solution after cold ischemia; 2) and after 24h of cold storage followed by two hours of normothermic ex-vivo perfusion. " 12/01/2014 - "Lcn2 is an important regulator in small-for-size fatty liver graft injury and targeting Lcn2 may be feasible for preventing marginal graft failure in LDLT."
2.	Liver Transplantation 02/15/2013 - "These data suggest that this substance could improve outcome in patients undergoing liver transplantation who receive a fatty liver implant and suggest the need of clinical trials with it in liver transplantation." 07/01/2005 - "Furthermore, the point counting technique has a better reproducibility than visual evaluation and should be preferred in estimates of liver steatosis in scientific studies and in clinical contexts when the amount of steatosis is important for treatment and prognosis, such as liver transplantation." 06/01/2015 - "Liver steatosis is the leading cause of donor rejection in living donor liver transplantation. " 03/01/2015 - "Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has been predicted to become the leading indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the United States. " 01/01/2015 - "DRS may be useful for real-time objective evaluation of liver steatosis during liver transplantation, especially to differentiate between mild and moderate/severe steatosis."
3.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 09/01/2007 - "After treatment, group A showed a significant reduction in ultrasonographic scores for liver steatosis. " 03/01/2007 - "After treatment in fatty liver, these parameters (except DC) significantly improved and approached the control value. " 06/01/2013 - "In Group A after treatment by resolving method of CM, the menstrual cycle was recovered in 83.87% patients (26/31 cases), reduced fatty liver degree or disappearance of fatty liver degree occurred in 32.26% patients (10/31 cases), with the total effective rate being 85.71% (24/28 cases).48.28% (14/29) patients were pregnant. " 06/26/2011 - "Favorable tendencies were also noted in the redox-homeostasis of the fatty liver after treatment. " 06/26/2011 - "Although treatments failed to exert significant changes in all global antioxidant parameters, mobilized methyl group concentrations were higher after treatments in fatty liver. "
4.	Immunomodulation 10/01/2008 - "We conclude that IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio may be considered as a convenient biomarker for investigation of fatty liver of different grades, apart from being associated with IR, and immunomodulation of this ratio in favor of increasing it may exert significant improvement." 05/01/2011 - "Rhein ameliorates fatty liver disease through negative energy balance, hepatic lipogenic regulation, and immunomodulation in diet-induced obese mice."
5.	Bariatric Surgery 12/01/2015 - "The objectives of this study are to assess the prevalence of and predictive markers for steatohepatitis in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. " 02/01/2014 - "Bariatric surgeries that affect or restrict the flow of food through the gastrointestinal tract may improve liver histology in morbidly obese patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), although randomized clinical trials and quasi-randomized clinical studies are lacking. " 08/01/2015 - "Bariatric Surgery Reduces Features of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Morbidly Obese Patients." 03/01/2015 - "Bariatric surgery is associated with resolution of steatosis or steatohepatitis in the majority of patients. " 01/01/2015 - "The high prevalence of liver steatosis in MHO individuals among bariatric surgery patients challenges the notion of MHO as a truly metabolically healthy entity."