Ethidium (Ethidium Bromide)

A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide.

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Networked: 399 relevant articles (9 outcomes, 32 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Blakemore, W F: 6 articles (01/2008 - 06/2000)
2.	Mazzanti, Alexandre: 4 articles (05/2014 - 06/2006)
3.	Spengler, Gabriella: 4 articles (04/2014 - 10/2009)
4.	Amaral, Leonard: 4 articles (04/2014 - 10/2009)
5.	Bondan, Eduardo Fernandes: 4 articles (01/2014 - 09/2009)
6.	Pessoa, Cláudia: 4 articles (12/2010 - 01/2005)
7.	Hwang, Jae Sam: 3 articles (08/2015 - 08/2013)
8.	Kim, In-Woo: 3 articles (08/2015 - 08/2013)
9.	Lee, Joon Ha: 3 articles (08/2015 - 08/2013)
10.	Ahn, Mi-Young: 3 articles (08/2015 - 08/2013)

Related Diseases

1.	Infection 02/01/1978 - "An attempt to treat the infection with Ethidium bromide, which was found effective in vitro, did not succeed. " 08/01/1982 - "Ethidium bromide: pharmacokinetics and efficacy against trypanosme infections in rabbits and calves." 03/01/1990 - "Homidium bromide was administered twice during the year after which no infections were detected for periods of nineteen weeks and seventeen weeks respectively. " 12/01/1984 - "Effects of treatment of trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi or host cells with ethidium bromide on cell infection and intracellular fate of the parasite." 09/01/1954 - "Further observations on the curative effect of ethidium bromide against Trypanosoma vivax infections of Zebu cattle in West Africa."
2.	Demyelinating Diseases (Demyelinating Disease) 02/15/2012 - "Here, we showed that implantation of NT-3 gene-modified MSCs via a recombinant adenoviral vector (Adv) into a region of ethidium bromide (EB)-induced demyelination in the spinal cord resulted in significant improvement of locomotor function and restoration of electrophysiological properties in rats. " 01/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate whether PPF had the capacity of affecting glial cells behavior during the process of demyelination and remyelination following ethidium bromide (EB) gliotoxic injury. " 03/01/2005 - "The present study examined the spatiotemporal response of endogenous oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) following ethidium bromide (EB)-induced demyelination of the adult rat spinal cord. " 09/01/2004 - "The present study investigated the expression of IGF and their cognitive receptors in the process of remyelination following ethidium bromide (EBr)-induced demyelination in the adult mouse spinal cord. " 12/01/2002 - "The present study investigated how glial progenitor cells participated in the process of remyelination following ethidium bromide (EBr)-induced demyelination in the adult mouse spinal cord. "
3.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 02/01/2009 - "At least part of the growth inhibition is due to induction of cell death, as seen by incorporation of Ethidium Bromide III into cancer cells exposed to FE. " 05/01/2003 - "Ethidium gel-based PCR-RFLP is widely used, and is perhaps the simplest method for detection of known mutations in cancer-related genes and for genotyping a wide range of other human diseases. " 01/01/1990 - "When ethidium bromide staining was used, there was a good agreement between the values of tumor ploidy obtained by external standardization using lymphocytes and internal standardization using diploid tumor cells, respectively. " 03/01/1988 - "Ethidium bromide was added to cultured human leukemic bone marrow and solid tumor cells to evaluate its inhibitory effect on mitotic chromosome condensation and its possible application to high-resolution banding analysis. " 11/01/1977 - "When tumorigenic strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens were subcultured at temperatures between 31.5 and 37 degrees C or in broth containing ethidium bromide, they lost their capacity to induce tumors in tomato plants. "
4.	Breast Neoplasms (Breast Cancer) 01/01/2011 - "MCF7, MB231, MCF15, T47D and GI101Ap human breast cancer cells were analyzed for the efficacy of NPCD with MTT and clonogenic assays, with FACS and staining for ethidium bromide and acridine orange for cell death and cell cycle profile. " 01/01/2015 - "Clear apoptotic morphological changes on Acridine orange/Ethidium bromide staining and DNA fragmentation were observed in all three breast cancer cell lines. " 05/01/2010 - "In addition, human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with ethidium bromide to decrease mtDNA copy number. " 04/05/2007 - "In order to investigate the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in human breast cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis, a mtDNA-deficient cell line, T47D rho(0), was generated following a long-term exposure to ethidium bromide (EtBr). " 04/05/2007 - "Depletion of mitochondrial DNA by ethidium bromide treatment inhibits the proliferation and tumorigenesis of T47D human breast cancer cells."
5.	Body Weight (Weight, Body) 01/01/1999 - "Administration of purified Cd-MT (0.15 mg MT bound Cd per kg body weight) to the rat induces DNA fragmentation, a biochemical characteristic of apoptosis in the kidney at 16 h, which was detectable by ethidium bromide staining on an agarose gel. " 12/01/2006 - "We studied the genotoxic potential of OTA in the kidney of adult female Wistar rats (5 in each group) treated intraperitoneally with OTA (0.5 mg kg body weight-1 day-1 for 7, 14, and 21 days) measuring DNA mobility on agarose gel stained with ethidium-bromide using standard alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). " 04/15/1997 - "When inoculated into naïve Boran (Bos indicus) calves, all 10 isolates were resistant to diminazene aceturate (Berenil), isometamidium chloride (Samorin) and homidium chloride (Novidium) at doses of 7.0 mg/kg body weight (b.w.), 0.5 mg/kg b.w. " 03/01/1977 - "When infected mice were treated on the second day of detectable parasitaemia, there was complete cure with Berenil at 10 mg/kg, Novidium at 4 mg/kg and Samorin at 0.2 mg/kg body weight respectively. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Acridine Orange
2.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
3.	Sepharose (Agarose)
4.	isometamidium chloride (ISMM)
5.	diminazene aceturate
6.	Nifurtimox
7.	Dihydrotachysterol (AT 10)
8.	pyrithidium bromide
9.	3',6'-diacetylfluorescein (fluorescein diacetate)
10.	Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients)
3.	Transplants (Transplant)
4.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
5.	Lasers (Laser)