Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis

An autosomal recessive trait with impaired cell-mediated immunity. About 15 human papillomaviruses are implicated in associated infection, four of which lead to skin neoplasms. The disease begins in childhood with red papules and later spreads over the body as gray or yellow scales.

Also Known As:

Networked: 172 relevant articles (8 outcomes, 11 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
2.	Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Epidermoid Carcinoma)
3.	Actinic Keratosis
4.	Basal Cell Carcinoma (Rodent Ulcer)
5.	Skin Diseases

Experts

1.	Rady, Peter: 6 articles (08/2015 - 05/2007)
2.	Tyring, Stephen K: 4 articles (03/2013 - 10/2003)
3.	Fuchs, P G: 4 articles (12/2001 - 01/2000)
4.	ter Schegget, J: 4 articles (12/2001 - 01/2000)
5.	Tyring, Stephen: 3 articles (08/2015 - 11/2007)
6.	Landolfo, Santo: 3 articles (08/2014 - 03/2008)
7.	De Andrea, Marco: 3 articles (08/2014 - 03/2008)
8.	Zavattaro, Elisa: 3 articles (08/2014 - 03/2008)
9.	Gariglio, Marisa: 3 articles (08/2014 - 03/2008)
10.	Carlson, J Andrew: 3 articles (08/2008 - 02/2007)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis:

1.	InterferonsIBA 12/01/2006 - "Interferon regulatory factor 5.2 acts as a transcription repressor of Epidermodysplasia verruciformis-associated human papillomaviruses." 12/01/1990 - "The applications of interferon in patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis and flat warts were also studied. " 07/01/1988 - "Epidermodysplasia verruciformis in a patient with Hodgkin's disease: characterization of a new papillomavirus type and interferon treatment." 01/31/1981 - "Interferon treatment of skin cancer in patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis." 04/01/2014 - "Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated epidermodysplasia verruciformis eradicated after interferon-α and ribavirin treatment."
2.	RetinoidsIBA 08/01/1988 - "Retinoids have shown impressive activity against premalignant disorders of the skin (actinic keratoses, keratoacanthoma, epidermodysplasia verruciformis) and of other epithelial sites (oral leukoplakia, cervical dysplasia). " 08/01/1988 - "In human cancer prevention, retinoids have been most effective for skin diseases, including actinic keratosis, keratoacanthoma, epidermodysplasia verruciformis, dysplastic nevus syndrome, and basal cell carcinoma. " 01/01/1984 - "Such cancers of the skin and mucous membranes are usually treated by surgery, but it has been shown that oral administration of retinoids (synthetic derivatives of vitamin A) or the use of leucocyte interferon intralesionally are effective in cancers in situ following epidermodysplasia verruciformis."
3.	Vitamin A (Retinol)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1952 - "[Epidermodysplasia verruciformis Lewandowsky-Lutz and vitamin A]." 01/01/1984 - "Such cancers of the skin and mucous membranes are usually treated by surgery, but it has been shown that oral administration of retinoids (synthetic derivatives of vitamin A) or the use of leucocyte interferon intralesionally are effective in cancers in situ following epidermodysplasia verruciformis."
4.	MitogensIBA 06/01/1990 - "Although epidermodysplasia verruciformis T cells were unresponsive to autologous HPV-infected epidermis, they responded well to mitogens, allogeneic mononuclear leukocytes, and allogeneic epidermal cells. " 08/01/1980 - "Two patients with Netherton's syndrome are presented who, in addition to the classical triad of trichorrhexis invaginata, ichthyosis linearis circumflexa and atopy, exhibit signs of reduced cellular immunity (negative skin tests to a battery of microbial antigens, impaired stimulation of lymphocytes with various mitogens and widespread viral warts resembling epidermodysplasia verruciformis). "
5.	Interferon-betaIBA 12/01/1990 - "Intralesional interferon beta was, to a certain degree, effective for benign lesions of epidermodysplasia verruciformis, but systemic treatments were not effective. "
6.	Isotretinoin (Accutane)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/2008 - "Systemic low-dose isotretinoin maintains remission status in epidermodysplasia verruciformis."
7.	ZincIBA 01/01/2014 - "Efficacy of oral zinc therapy in epidermodysplasia verruciformis with squamous cell carcinoma."
8.	Ribavirin (Virazole)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/2014 - "Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated epidermodysplasia verruciformis eradicated after interferon-α and ribavirin treatment."
9.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 06/15/1989 - "Molecular characteristics and physical state of human papillomavirus DNA change with progressing malignancy: studies in a patient with epidermodysplasia verruciformis." 01/01/1968 - "Autoradiographic study of DNA synthesis by epidermal cells in epidermodysplasia verruciformis." 01/15/2015 - "Expression of the epidermodysplasia verruciformis-associated genes EVER1 and EVER2 is activated by exogenous DNA and inhibited by LMP1 oncoprotein from Epstein-Barr virus." 09/01/2011 - "A case of epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) with human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) DNA detected in the skin lesions: can HPV16 infect patients with EV?" 04/01/2009 - "High beta-HPV DNA loads and strong seroreactivity are present in epidermodysplasia verruciformis."
10.	Viral DNAIBA 02/01/1996 - "Our discovery of human papillomavirus type 47 (HPV47) in benign lesions from a patient suffering from epidermodysplasia verruciformis prompted us to examine whether the viral DNA also resided in malignant lesions from the same patient. " 11/01/1989 - "The viral DNA, which is most closely related to the DNAs of HPVs seen in patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis, was aligned to the HPV-5 genome by electron microscopic analysis of heteroduplexes between the cloned viral DNAs." 07/01/1982 - "Isolation of a human papillomavirus from a patient with epidermodysplasia verruciformis: presence of related viral DNA genomes in human urogenital tumors." 08/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to determine whether detection of β-HPV gene products, as defined in epidermodysplasia verruciformis skin cancer, could also be observed in lesions from kidney transplant recipients alongside the viral DNA. " 11/01/2001 - "This study investigated the association between infection with epidermodysplasia-verruciformis-associated human papillomavirus, identified by the detection of viral DNA in plucked eyebrow hairs, and solar keratoses. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) 10/01/2001 - "Remission of epidermodysplasia verruciformis-like skin eruption after highly active antiretroviral therapy in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient." 03/01/2007 - "Furthermore, epidermodysplasia verruciformis-like cutaneous eruptions after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy has never been described as a manifestation of an immune restoration syndrome." 04/01/2003 - "Epidermodysplasia verruciformis in a patient with HIV infection: no response to highly active antiretroviral therapy."
2.	Oral Administration 01/01/1984 - "Such cancers of the skin and mucous membranes are usually treated by surgery, but it has been shown that oral administration of retinoids (synthetic derivatives of vitamin A) or the use of leucocyte interferon intralesionally are effective in cancers in situ following epidermodysplasia verruciformis."
3.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 01/01/2014 - "Acquired epidermodysplasia verruciformis in a renal transplant recipient--case report." 03/01/2011 - "[Acquired epidermodysplasia verruciformis in a renal transplant recipient]." 04/01/1998 - "Detection of new human papillomavirus sequences in skin lesions of a renal transplant recipient and characterization of one complete genome related to epidermodysplasia verruciformis-associated types." 08/01/1994 - "Detection of epidermodysplasia verruciformis-like human papillomavirus types in malignant and premalignant skin lesions of renal transplant recipients." 05/01/1997 - "We have previously detected a group of human papillomaviruses originally found in skin lesions of epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) patients in skin cancers from renal transplant recipients and from non-immunosuppressed patients. "
4.	Transplants (Transplant) 12/01/2003 - "The association between HPV and NMSC was first identified in patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) and later in recipients of organ transplants. " 12/01/2001 - "An extremely diverse group of HPV types, mainly consisting of epidermodysplasia-verruciformis (EV)-associated HPV types, can be detected in benign, premalignant, and malignant skin lesions of organ transplant recipients. " 08/29/1998 - "Cultured epidermal-sheet graft for epidermodysplasia verruciformis." 10/02/1997 - "DNA sequences, predominantly of the epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) subgroup, were detected in 9/23 (39%) of transplant tumours and in 2/8 (25%) of eight non-transplant tumours. " 09/01/2002 - "The purpose of this study was to correlate the histologic findings of skin lesions clinically suspicious for epidermodysplasia verruciformis with the viral findings in patients with organ transplants or AIDS. "
5.	Bone Marrow Transplantation (Transplantation, Bone Marrow) 01/01/1991 - "[Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) after bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of severe combined immunodeficiency: a model to understand the specific immunodeficiency of EV?]." 08/01/2012 - "In our patients, bone marrow transplantation resulted in rapid improvement followed by disappearance of viral skin lesions, including lesions resembling epidermodysplasia verruciformis, atopic dermatitis, and recurrent infections. "