Dystocia

07/01/2015 - "The aim of the current up-down sequential allocation dose-response study was to test the hypothesis that parturients who receive intrapartum exogenous oxytocin therapy, and who subsequently undergo cesarean delivery for labor dystocia, will have a higher estimated effective dose in 90% of paturients (ED90) for oxytocin infusion in the third stage of labor compared with nonlaboring parturients. "
03/01/2015 - "Studies have shown that oxytocin is often administered to women in labour who have no signs of labour dystocia. "
02/01/2015 - "The aim of this study was to establish the effects of dystocia and oxytocin infusion on neonatal vitality, acid-base balance, and electrolyte and haematological homeostasis of dairy calves. "
09/01/2004 - "The purpose of this study was to determine the continuing effectiveness of active management of labor, a protocol that involves early detection and correction of dystocia with oxytocin in spontaneous cephalic nulliparous labor, by analysis of the contribution of this cohort to a doubled overall nulliparous cesarean delivery rate. "
06/01/2015 - "There is evidence that policies regarding labor admission criteria, standardized policies regarding labor management including judicious use of oxytocin, standardized terminology and treatment for electronic fetal monitoring, standardized criteria for dystocia, and systematic implementation of policies that incorporate continuous supportive care during labor are associated with lower risk for cesarean. "

07/01/1996 - "The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the incidence of shoulder dystocia could be reduced in insulin-requiring diabetic women by elective induction of labor at 38 to 39 weeks of gestation. "
01/01/2015 - "The psychosocially deprived women were diagnosed with GDM earlier, received insulin treatment during pregnancy more often and were more likely to have LGA infants (15.1% vs 10.6%, OR=1.5 (95% CI 1.02 to 2.2), p<0.05) and shoulder dystocia (3.1% vs 1.2%, OR=2.7 (0.97 to 7.2), p<0.05). "
01/01/2015 - "(2)To the GDM patients with intensive prenatal intervention, reviewed form 5 articles, it was found that the incidence of shoulder dystocia was reduced significantly by intensive intervention(diet control combined with insulin if necessary)versus less intensive intervention (only diet control), OR = 0.29 (95%CI:0.11-0.73, P = 0.009). "
07/01/1996 - "We conclude that elective induction of labor is suggested for insulin-requiring diabetic women in order to reduce the incidence of shoulder dystocia."
03/01/1958 - "[Use of insulin in the dynamic dystocia of labor]."

01/01/2010 - "Administration of natural progesterone should be stopped 2-3 days before expected parturition otherwise it would result in a prolonged duration of pregnancy with dystocia and stillbirth."
05/01/1992 - "Progesterone concentrations in maternal and fetal serum are lower during functional dystocia than in normal labor."
05/01/1997 - "The maternal and umbilical progesterone concentrations in dystocia and elective cesarean section were between 77-43% of those in normal labor. "
05/01/1997 - "Progesterone concentrations in maternal and umbilical serum were higher following normal labor than after dystocia (p<0.005) and elective cesarean section (p<0.005). "
08/01/1999 - "Thirteen primiparous and 41 multiparous Holstein-Friesian cattle were used to study the relationship between maternal plasma progesterone (P4) and estrone sulfate (E1S) concentrations and the prevalence of dystocia. "

11/01/1997 - "A third goat had dystocia, and was treated with prostaglandin F2 alpha. "
09/01/1994 - "Cows affected with dystocia, retained fetal membranes, or both and treated early postparum with GnRH alone or followed 14 d later with PGF2 alpha did not have improved reproductive performance. "
09/01/1994 - "Holstein cows (n = 445) that had experienced dystocia, retained fetal membrane, or both at parturition were used to determine the effects of GnRH, PGF2 alpha, or both on various reproductive measurements. "
05/15/1993 - "One hundred and thirty dairy cattle that had undergone a caesarean operation because of dystocia were assigned either to a treatment group, receiving 25 mg dinoprost (synthetic prostaglandin F2 alpha) or to a control group, receiving 5 ml saline solution, administered intramuscularly after removal of the calf and reposition of the closed uterus into the abdominal cavity. "
09/01/1997 - "It may be concluded that a large amount of PGF2 alpha is released for a relatively shorter period in cows after dystocia and/or retained placenta and the elevation of PGFM is not responsible for the uterine involution. "

03/15/2009 - "Parity, season of parturition, existence of twins or dystocia, body condition score, and vitamin E treatment were included in the model as covariates. "
10/01/2007 - "These results suggests that supplementation with antioxidants like vitamin E and Se may be beneficial in reducing oxidative stress in dystocia-affected buffaloes in the immediate postpartum period."
10/01/2007 - "The aim of the study was to evaluate oxidative stress around parturition in normally calved and dystocia-affected buffaloes and the clinical efficacy of vitamin E and selenium (Se) in reducing the effects in buffaloes suffering from dystocia. "
10/01/2007 - "The decline in plasma cortisol concentration, MDA level and SOD activity was greater in the group of dystocia-affected buffaloes supplemented with vitamin E and Se (78.62 +/- 2.7%, 13.38 +/- 9.75% and 28.83 +/- 7.72%, respectively) than in the unsupplemented group (54.33 +/- 12.62%, 3.48 +/- 4.16% and 17.69 +/- 12.93%, respectively). "
10/01/2007 - "Vitamin E and selenium supplementation reduces plasma cortisol and oxidative stress in dystocia-affected buffaloes."

05/01/2005 - "Prostaglandin E vaginal gel to treat dystocia in spontaneous labour: a multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial."
05/01/2005 - "A single 1-mg dose of PgE(2) vaginal gel is more effective than placebo in resolving dystocia, without increasing uterine hyperstimulation, but may be associated with an increase in the incidence of second stage caesarean section."

10/01/2007 - "The aim of the study was to evaluate oxidative stress around parturition in normally calved and dystocia-affected buffaloes and the clinical efficacy of vitamin E and selenium (Se) in reducing the effects in buffaloes suffering from dystocia. "
10/01/2007 - "Vitamin E and selenium supplementation reduces plasma cortisol and oxidative stress in dystocia-affected buffaloes."

11/01/1995 - "Hormone treatment promotes calving ease with a markedly reduced incidence of the detrimental effects of dystocia, which may be a serious problem in first-calf heifers."
08/01/2004 - "Furthermore, the use of this hormone increased the need for obstetric assistance due to increased frequency of dystocia."
05/01/1986 - "Results indicate that differences in prepartum profiles of serum steroid hormones and metabolites may be related to dystocia, in addition to relative fetal oversize."
12/15/1982 - "Measurements on the calves suggested that dystocia was more likely to be caused by an oversized calf than it was by abnormalities in hormone levels in these cases."
12/15/1982 - "As a rule, there were only small, non-significant differences in corrected hormone concentrations between heifers with and those without dystocia. "

01/01/1988 - "Relaxin deficiency in the placenta as possible cause of cervical dystocia. "
04/01/1986 - "Relaxin significantly (P less than 0.001) prolonged the length of gestation in 17 rats compared with controls, without causing dystocia or affecting the number of live births. "
01/01/1988 - "In a case of cervical dystocia which had to be delivered by caesarean section, the placenta was examined for relaxin content. "
01/01/1993 - "There was no incidence of difficult birth (dystocia); all lambs were vigorous at birth; and placenta delivery was rapid (within 207 min) with RU 486 and relaxin treatments compared with diluent treated controls. "
03/01/1991 - "injections of relaxin facilitated earlier calving, acutely decreased progesterone secretion, increased cervical dilatation and pelvic area expansion, and decreased the incidence of dystocia in dairy heifers."

06/01/1990 - "The efficacy of spasmolytics in cervix dystocia during labor is very contested. "
04/01/1996 - "In the first group there was great consumption of analgetics and spasmolytics, more motor blocks of the lower extremities and a higher rate of Caesarean sections on account of dystocia. "

07/01/1994 - "Improved management of dystocia in nulliparous women, such as the use of a policy of active management of labor, may be the most useful approach to reducing the cesarean section rate in modern obstetric practice."
10/01/1982 - "The results of this study revealed that neonates experiencing shoulder dystocia had significantly greater shoulder-to-head and chest-to-head disproportions than did macrosomic neonates delivered by cesarean section for failed progress in labor or macrosomic neonates delivered without shoulder dystocia. "
11/01/1991 - "The incidence of cesarean section for dystocia was significantly greater (p greater than 0.000001) in the epidural group (15.6%) than in the nonepidural group (2.4%). "
09/01/1989 - "The incidence of cesarean section for dystocia was significantly greater (p less than 0.005) in the epidural group (10.3%) than in the nonepidural group (3.8%). "
07/01/1995 - "We feel, however, that in certain rural areas of third world countries, often ill-equipped and with poor medical services, this procedure can still be very useful in certain exceptional situations in dystocia by moderate feto-pelvic disproportion, in circumstances in which cesarean section is impossible. "

04/01/1999 - "Clinical trials suggested that epidural analgesia did not increase the risk of cesarean delivery either overall or for dystocia, nor did it significantly increase the risk of instrumental vaginal delivery; however, observational studies reported a more than 4-fold increased risk of cesarean and instrumental deliveries. "
05/01/1994 - "Published studies assessing the effect of epidural analgesia in nulliparous labor on the frequency of cesarean delivery for dystocia are reviewed. "
10/01/1993 - "In a randomized, controlled, prospective trial epidural analgesia resulted in a significant prolongation in the first and second stages of labor and a significant increase in the frequency of cesarean delivery, primarily related to dystocia."
03/01/2014 - "Among women without dystocia, those augmented had higher body mass index, gave birth to heavier babies, had longer labours if vaginally delivered and had epidural analgesia more often compared to women not augmented. "
12/01/2012 - "Primiparas who planned home births had reduced risks for assisted vaginal delivery (OR 0.32; 95% CI 0.20-0.48), epidural analgesia (OR 0.21; CI 0.14-0.33) and dystocia (OR 0.40; CI 0.27-0.59). "

05/01/1946 - "Discouraging dystocias relieved by upward traction."
06/01/2015 - "The purpose of this study was to report on all cases in which posterior axilla sling traction (PAST) has been used to deliver cases of intractable shoulder dystocia and to describe a new method of shoulder rotation with the sling. "
01/01/2005 - "This study was undertaken to objectively compare delivery traction force, fetal neck rotation, and brachial plexus elongation after 3 different initial shoulder dystocia maneuvers: McRoberts', anterior Rubin's, and posterior Rubin's. "
12/01/2015 - "Shoulder dystocia, defined as a vaginal delivery that requires additional obstetric maneuvers to deliver the fetus after the head has delivered and gentle traction has failed, complicates 0.5-1 % of vaginal deliveries. "
12/01/2015 - "Shoulder dystocia is defined by the need for additional obstetric manoeuvres to deliver the foetus after the head has delivered and gentle traction has failed, and complicates 0.5-1% of vaginal deliveries. "

05/01/2004 - "The key to achieving improved outcomes when confronted with catastrophic shoulder dystocia include (1) immediate availability of an operating room and anesthesia personnel, (2) the willingness to use uterine relaxing agents, (3) the availability of a second physician, (4) an understanding of the best sequence of remedial measures to follow, (5) total delivery within 12-13 min of the delivery of the head (almost impossible when the delivery process begins in a birthing room) and (6) a cesarean room should be considered for delivery of all massively obese women."
05/01/1964 - "[SADDLE-BLOCK ANESTHESIA IN CERVICAL DYSTOCIAS (CLINICAL STUDY)]."
04/01/2013 - "Anesthesia for the mare experiencing dystocia is complicated by the size of the fetus, positioning of the mare for the procedure, and concern over drug effect on the fetus through the neonatal period. "
04/01/2013 - "Anesthesia for dystocia and anesthesia of the equine neonate."
08/01/2008 - "Medical management of dystocia has the advantage of aiding completion of the parturition process without surgery or anesthesia. "

09/01/2006 - "Following a low forceps delivery, shoulder dystocia was encountered and was unable to be relieved with standard maneuvers. "
07/01/2015 - "The judicial assessment of negligence is focused on four domains of expertise of the obstetrician: 36 % (38/107) recognizing a specific pathology, 33 % (35/107) interpreting fetal monitoring, 19 % (21/107) performing a forceps/vacuum-assisted delivery and 12 % (13/107) managing shoulder dystocia. "
09/01/2014 - "In addition, dystocia was associated more with vacuum and forceps deliveries. "
06/01/2014 - "Compared to non-diabetics (0.6%), among diabetics, the rate of impacted shoulders is 201% higher (1.9%); newborns delivered by vacuum or forceps have 254% higher likelihood of shoulder dystocia than those born spontaneously (2.0% vs. 0.6%, respectively). "
02/01/2012 - "Ventouse delivery increases the risk of shoulder dystocia almost 3 times, forceps delivery comparing to the ventouse delivery increases risk almost 3.4 times. "