Dourine

06/15/2016 - "We conclude that our novel approach for dourine antigen production from in vitro-grown trypanosomes described and evaluated herein meets the requirements for the prospective purpose in quantitative and qualitative terms and should be considered by the competent authorities as an alternative for the animal experiment currently prescribed by international standards. "
06/15/2016 - "Performance of antigens for diagnostic purposes was characterized in an inter-laboratory comparative study deploying 14 sera from horses with defined dourine statuses. "
06/15/2016 - "A modified Baltz's in vitro cultivation system for the propagation of Trypanosoma equiperdum strain OVI was established to develop a replacement for the conventional production procedure of dourine diagnostic antigen in rats. "
06/15/2016 - "In vitro production of Trypanosoma equiperdum antigen and its evaluation for use in serodiagnosis of dourine."
08/01/1993 - "In general, the IFA test was more sensitive than the AGID test in diagnosing dourine, regardless of the antigen preparation used in the test or exposure group. "

09/15/2014 - "This interesting result suggests that the specificity of dourine serodiagnosis may be improved by standardizing the critical reagents, including antigens and by developing a standard T. "
12/01/2003 - "In the light of these concerns, it was decided, in agreement with the Directorate of the Federal Veterinary Services of Russia in Moscow, to perform comparative trials on the value of CFT/dourine at the OIE Reference Laboratory for dourine in Moscow (The All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine) using reagents (antigens and sera) from seven countries with extensive experience in the field of dourine diagnosis, namely, South Africa, France, Italy, Germany, Russia, the United States of America and the People's Republic of China. "

08/04/2010 - "Trypanocidal sensitivity studies were conducted to assess the efficacy of Diminazene diaceturate (Diminasan) and Bis (aminoethylthio) 4-melaminophenylarsine dihydrochloride (Cymelarsan) against Trypanosoma equiperdum (isolated from two mares with chronic cases of dourine) 713/943 and 834/940 Dodola strains in experimentally infected mice and horses. "
01/01/2020 - "Treatment Efficiency of Combination Therapy With Diminazene Aceturate and Quinapyramine Sulfate in a Horse With Dourine."

08/04/2010 - "Thus, Cymelarsan was found to be quite effective in curing horses in acute as well as chronic form of dourine. "
08/04/2010 - "The efficacy of Cymelarsan against the chronic form of dourine was confirmed after treatment of one of the control horses with Cymelarsan at a dose rate of 0.25 mg/kg body weight at day 282 post infection. "
08/04/2010 - "Trypanocidal sensitivity studies were conducted to assess the efficacy of Diminazene diaceturate (Diminasan) and Bis (aminoethylthio) 4-melaminophenylarsine dihydrochloride (Cymelarsan) against Trypanosoma equiperdum (isolated from two mares with chronic cases of dourine) 713/943 and 834/940 Dodola strains in experimentally infected mice and horses. "

10/01/2020 - "equiperdum strain OVI; serological tests (complement fixation test, ELISA and immunoblotting), used for the diagnosis of dourine in horses, were applied to study rabbit humoral immune response and to characterise T. "
09/26/2023 - "European Inter-Laboratory Proficiency Test for Dourine Antibody Detection Using the Complement Fixation Test."
12/01/2003 - "During its 20th annual meeting in Paris in May 1999, the OIE (World organisation for animal health) Ad Hoc Group on Non-Tsetse Transmitted Animal Trypanosomoses expressed the following concerns about dourine: the discrepancies in some of the results of the complement fixation test (CFT), which is the only international diagnostic test officially recognised by the International Organisation for the Transportation of Equidae; the persistence of suspected cases of dourine in some Asian, European and African countries; the impossibility of differentiating Trypanosoma equiperdum from Trypanosoma evansi and of isolating new strains of T. "
12/01/2002 - "A 15-year record of the results of horse sera from the Khomas region of Namibia tested by the complement fixation test for dourine at the Central Veterinary Laboratory in Windhoek before clearing the respective animals for export and competitive sport were subjected to statistical analysis. "
09/01/1986 - "The distribution of positive dourine cases found on the complement fixation test at the Veterinary Research Institute, Onderstepoort from 1981 to 1984, is recorded. "

09/15/2014 - "To evaluate the reproducibility of routine serological methods to detect Trypanosoma equiperdum antibodies in equine sera, two inter-laboratory ring trials were organized involving 22 European and 4 non-European reference laboratories for dourine. "
09/15/2018 - "Humoral antibodies are found in infected animals, but diagnosis of dourine must include history, clinical, and pathological findings in addition to serology. "
08/01/1997 - "One hundred and one horses showed the presence of trypanosomal antibodies in their serum and 70 animals showed typical clinical signs of dourine. "
12/01/2013 - "Antibodies against seven infectious diseases of equids were determined: equine infectious anaemia (EIA), African horse sickness (AHS), equine viral arteritis (EVA), West Nile encephalitis (WNE), glanders, piroplasmosis and dourine. "
01/01/2018 - "equiperdum protein pattern recognized by antibodies from dourine-infected horses and the humoral immune response kinetics were investigated by immunoblotting assay; a total of 20 sera from naturally and experimentally infected horses and from healthy animals were tested. "

01/15/2013 - "IgG antibodies from dourine infected horses identify a distinctive Trypanosoma equiperdum antigenic pattern of low molecular weight molecules."
01/15/2013 - "In this study we developed a chemiluminescent immunoblotting (cIB) assay to characterise the Trypanosoma equiperdum antigen pattern recognised by IgGs from naturally or experimentally dourine-infected horses and analyse the kinetics of IgG humoral response following the infection. "
01/01/2015 - "Three MAbs (1B10B6C9, 1B10B6C10, 1B10B6E9) reacted only with horse and donkey IgG and IgM and, in western blotting, were specific for the Fc fragment of equine IgG. MAb 1B10B6E9 was used in chemiluminescent immunoblotting assay for the diagnosis of dourine and in indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for the diagnosis of African horse sickness and dourine. "

12/15/2018 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of melarsomine hydrochloride (Cymelarsan®) to cure horses suffering from a nervous form of dourine, a sexually-transmitted disease caused by Trypanosoma equiperdum. "

01/01/2000 - "Procedurally similar competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay (cELISA) methods were developed for the serodiagnosis of Babesia equi and Babesia caballi (piroplasmosis), Trypanosoma equiperdum (dourine), and Burkholderia mallei (glanders) infections in horses. "
12/01/2002 - "For more accurate results, the more reliable enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques are recommended for use in sero-surveys for dourine in Khomas and other regions of Namibia to provide a basis for development of effective control strategies against the disease."
08/01/1991 - "Comparative evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the serodiagnosis of dourine."

08/06/2021 - "A sequential method of isolating parasites from dourine-affected horses and adapting them to in vitro cultures using soft agarose media was recently developed. "
01/01/2016 - "Trypanosomes isolated from the urethral tract of a stallion with suspected dourine, were directly cultivated using soft agarose media at 37 °C in 5 % CO2. "

07/01/1952 - "[Chemical prevention and chemotherapy of dourine in Morocco]."
06/01/1976 - "Observations on the transmission, immunology, clinical signs and chemotherapy of dourine (Trypanosoma equiperdum infection) in horses, with special reference to cerebro-spinal fluid."
06/01/2013 - "African trypanosomiases, including the human disease referred to as 'sleeping sickness' and the animal diseases such as nagana, surra and dourine, are neglected vector-borne diseases that after years of research still need improved diagnosis and chemotherapy. "

01/01/2020 - "In conclusion, the combination therapy has therapeutic potential against dourine at an early phase."
01/01/1952 - "[p-p-Diamidino-di-phenoxy-pentane therapy of dourine]."
01/01/2020 - "Treatment Efficiency of Combination Therapy With Diminazene Aceturate and Quinapyramine Sulfate in a Horse With Dourine."

11/15/2018 - "The use of practices as drastic as euthanasia remains controversial, but the lack of a suitable tool for studying a treatment's efficacy against dourine hampers the development of an alternative strategy for dourine infection management. "

08/04/2010 - "The efficacy of Cymelarsan against the chronic form of dourine was confirmed after treatment of one of the control horses with Cymelarsan at a dose rate of 0.25 mg/kg body weight at day 282 post infection. "

12/01/1976 - "Cerebrospinal fluid with low detectable levels of trypanosomes removed from a dourine-infected mare by lumbosacral puncture was used for infecting the animal. "