DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

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Networked: 103411 relevant articles (2565 outcomes, 10146 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Wang, Wei: 82 articles (11/2015 - 01/2002)
2.	Sidransky, David: 68 articles (11/2015 - 01/2002)
3.	Esteller, Manel: 66 articles (05/2015 - 01/2002)
4.	Zhang, Wei: 64 articles (09/2015 - 01/2002)
5.	Lo, Y M Dennis: 55 articles (03/2015 - 01/2002)
6.	Zhang, Li: 54 articles (11/2015 - 08/2002)
7.	Wu, T-C: 52 articles (07/2015 - 03/2002)
8.	Li, Li: 51 articles (12/2015 - 10/2002)
9.	Wang, Y: 50 articles (10/2015 - 02/2000)
10.	Baylin, Stephen B: 49 articles (09/2015 - 01/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 09/01/2010 - "Consistent with the biological phenotype, epigenomic studies revealed that TRAMP; Dnmt1 hypomorphic mice show dramatically reduced CpG island and promoter DNA hypermethylation in late-stage primary tumors compared to control mice. " 09/01/2010 - "Improved detection methods have led to increased knowledge on cell-free DNA, and recent studies showed that most cancer patients have increased levels of cell-free DNA. " 04/01/2015 - "DNA damaging agents (ionizing radiation and chemotherapeutics) are considered as most effective in cancer treatment. " 01/01/2015 - "Small-molecule inhibitors of PARP appear most effective when used to treat tumors with underlying defects in DNA repair, or when combined with DNA-damaging agents. " 11/03/2014 - "They were found to be significantly active as DNA cleaving agents in vitro and showed highly improved cancer regression in MCF-7 and MD-MB231 cancer cells compared to small molecule DNA cleaver. "
2.	Infection 10/01/2003 - "New tools of coproantigen and copro-DNA detection for vulpine infections have proved highly beneficial in epidemiological and transmission ecology studies, as has a landscape ecology approach to develop risk models for communities in endemic areas. " 05/16/2003 - "In this study we evaluated the efficacy of DNA vaccination of IFN-gamma knockout (GKO) mice against Listeria monocytogenes, as these immunodeficient mice are highly susceptible to infection with low numbers of this intracellular bacterial pathogen. " 05/22/2000 - "These studies demonstrate that immunization with DNA encoding a type-specific gene may not be effective against either homologous or heterologous strains of virus, particularly if the challenge virus causes a highly lethal infection. " 01/01/2013 - "Our results demonstrate that models with seroreversion where seropositivity indicates only a partial or very short-term full protection against re-infection generate age-specific HPV DNA prevalence most consistent with the observed data when compared with other models. " 01/26/2004 - "Sub-fragments of the envelope gene are highly protective against the Japanese encephalitis virus lethal infection in DNA priming--protein boosting immunization strategies."
3.	Hepatitis B 01/27/2001 - "It is rapidly effective against virus replication since, after a one-month treatment, hepatitis B DNA levels are negative in most of the treated patients. " 08/01/2006 - "This first evaluation showed that DNA chip technology can provide important information in relation to the clinical management of chronic hepatitis B." 06/01/2012 - "Changes of serum HBV-DNA in 30 hepatitis B carriers with PNALT had showed a significant reduction of viral load from baseline to last visit (mean difference of paired HBV-DNA levels: -0.78 log10 IU/ml, 95% CI: -1.57 to -0.013, P = 0.047). " 05/01/2011 - "Successful treatment of hepatitis B can be achieved only if the template for hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA replication, the covalently closed circular HBV DNA (cccDNA) can be completely cleared. " 01/01/2010 - "Serum HBV DNA level is crucial in the management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB); however, the assay is expensive and cannot be used widely. "
4.	Chronic Hepatitis B 12/01/1996 - "The measurement of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA, is important for monitoring and evaluating the efficacy of anti-viral agents in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B. " 06/01/2013 - "The combination regimen is a promising approach to treat chronic hepatitis B and may achieve significant reduction in serum HBV DNA and intrahepatic cccDNA. " 09/01/2004 - "The diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B, based on HBV DNA positive results, was more frequent in HIV-positive women (26.7%), compared to HIV-negative women (9.4%) (P = 0.06). " 07/01/1995 - "We conclude that the seroconversion to anti-HBe accompanied by disappearance of serum HBV DNA even by PCR does not necessarily suggest a sustained remission of chronic hepatitis B." 12/31/2008 - "In this study, we assessed the utility of EP as a tool to improve the efficacy of HB-110, a novel therapeutic DNA vaccine against chronic hepatitis B, now in phase 1 of clinical study in South Korea. "
5.	Aneuploidy (Aneuploid) 09/01/1994 - "The aims of the study were: 1) to compare the sensitivity of FISH and DNA flow cytometry in aneuploidy detection, 2) to determine which chromosome copy number changes are most common, and 3) which probe combinations would be most effective in aneuploidy diagnosis. " 06/01/2002 - "When using tertiles as cutpoints for SPF classification, concordance rates ranged from 79.7% to 93.2% for DNA diploid samples and from 87.8% to 95.9% for DNA aneuploid samples, the best results being obtained with software working with a similar histogram resolution. " 11/01/2013 - "Testing cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in maternal blood samples has been shown to have very high sensitivity for the detection of fetal aneuploidy with very low false-positive results in high-risk patients who undergo invasive prenatal diagnosis. " 10/01/1987 - "Patients with rapidly proliferative diploid or DNA aneuploid tumours obtained complete remission more readily than patients with lowly proliferative diploid tumours. " 07/01/2015 - "Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content (aneuploidy) has shown some promise in stratifying patients into low or high risk of CRC, but there are few reports that have specifically evaluated the outcome of IND. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Antigens
2.	Hepatitis B e Antigens
3.	RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)
4.	Hepatitis B Surface Antigens (HBsAg)
5.	Vaccines
6.	Lamivudine (3TC)
7.	Antibodies
8.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
9.	Interferons
10.	Immunoglobulin G (IgG)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Immunotherapy
3.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
4.	Radiotherapy
5.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients)