Cross Infection (Nosocomial Infection)

06/01/2010 - "This study was designed to search for a rapid, simple and effective antimicrobial susceptibility test capable of identifying the best treatment strategy against microorganisms causing hospital infections showing resistance or reduced susceptibility to the more traditional antibiotics. "
09/01/2014 - "In order to better control nosocomial infections, and facilitate the most prudent and effective use of antibiotics, improved strategies for the rapid detection and identification of problematic bacterial pathogens are required. "
09/12/2011 - "Less antibiotics and more infection control by an improved compliance with hand hygiene is the choice left to minimize the spread of hospital infections with drug resistant bacteria."
06/01/2001 - "In the years to come the threat of nosocomial infections unfortunately will not be eliminated, while the development of major new parenteral antibiotics cannot be foreseen. "
11/01/2002 - "Adherence to the hygienic and epidemiological regime and rational administration of antibiotics leads at intensive care units to a reduced incidence of nosocomial infection and thus to reduced financial costs."

02/01/2012 - "In conclusion, we showed that a bundle intervention aiming at a strict control of vancomycin use and full compliance with the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee guidelines, along with contact precautions and hand-hygiene promotion, can be effective in reducing vancomycin use and the emergence and spread of vancomycin-resistant bacteria in a tertiary-care PICU."
01/01/2010 - "The aim of this review is to consider advances made in the discovery of new secondary metabolites derived from marine bacteria, and in particular those effective against the so called "superbugs", including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE), which are largely responsible for the increase in numbers of hospital acquired, i.e., nosocomial, infections."
06/01/2004 - "Recommendations for preventing the spread of vancomycin-resistant enterococci, produced by the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee, have been shown to be effective in a number of situations. "
01/01/2009 - "Improvement in vancomycin utilization in adults in a Saudi Arabian Medical Center using the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee guidelines and simple educational activity."
09/01/2012 - "This first study on enterococci isolated in Algeria shows the low prevalence of VRE, but the presence of clonal complexes linked to VRE and vancomycin-sensitive enterococci associated with hospital infections. "

08/01/2012 - "In conclusion, this study suggests that colistin is effective in the treatment of severe nosocomial infections caused by MDR Gram-negative bacteria and is generally well tolerated by patients, even after relatively long-term use."
10/01/2006 - "We conclude that colistin can be a safe and effective salvage therapeutic option for nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant A. "
10/01/2006 - "The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of systemic colistin therapy in the treatment of nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii or Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to study related adverse events. "
01/01/2009 - "Nosocomial infections due to multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii are often treated with colistin, but there are few data comparing its safety and efficacy with other antimicrobials. "
08/01/2015 - "All neonates with culture proven nosocomial infections due to multidrug resistant organisms and treated continuously with colistin for more than 72 hours were included in the study. "

06/01/2008 - "It has good efficacy against beta-lactamase and ESBL (extended spectrum beta-lacatamase)-secreting pathogens, and it has shown great promise in management of children with severe and nosocomial infections. "
05/01/2010 - "The present PCR assay was thus easily and quickly performed, and accurately detected Pseudomonas aeruginosa and metallo-beta-lactamase, and it should be helpful in the diagnosis and control of nosocomial infection. "
01/01/2015 - "The aim of this study was to characterize the beta-lactamase resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from nosocomial infections in Cotonou, Benin. "
11/01/2009 - "The aim of this study was to ascertain the incidence and clinical significance of metallo-beta-lactamases among Enterobacter strains isolated from patients with nosocomial infections. "
03/01/2009 - "The isolation rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producer and pandrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in this study might increase the risk of nosocomial infection. "

04/01/1994 - "The new penem may offer an alternative for treating nosocomial infections due to aerobic Gram-negative strains resistant to third generation cephalosporins, provided that clinical studies confirm its clinical usefulness."
06/01/2015 - "Nosocomial infections with resistant organisms and high case fatality challenge the first-line use of cephalosporins. "
01/01/2015 - "Also strict hospital infection control policies with the restriction of the consumption of extended-spectrum cephalosporins are necessary."
01/01/2010 - "More recently evidence has emerged suggesting that antimicrobial resistance in nosocomial infections could be related to the widespread use of second and third-generation cephalosporins. "
11/01/2007 - "[Susceptibility and molecular mechanisms of resistance to cephalosporins of Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients with nosocomial infections]."

01/01/2006 - "Therefore, the empirical therapy of severe nosocomial infections with meropenem proved to be more adequate and from the economic viewpoint more advantageous vs. the standard combined regimens of antibacterial therapy, that was evident from significantly higher clinical and bacteriological efficacy of the treatment and decrease of the terms of the patients hospitalization in intensive care units (on the average by 5 days)."
01/01/2006 - "[Multicentre study of comparative efficacy of meropenem and combined regimens for empirical antibacterial therapy of severe nosocomial infections: results of clinical and pharmacoeconomic analysis]."
01/01/1998 - "The trial results were indicative of the meropenem high efficacy and good tolerance and of the possible use of the drug in the monotherapy as an alternative of the routine combined therapy of severe hospital infections."
02/01/2014 - "The results indicate that meropenem has excellent potency and spectrum of activity despite being prescribed for a long time for the treatment of seriously ill patients, and still appears to be a reliable option for the initial empirical therapy of serious nosocomial infections in children. "
01/01/2009 - "The incidence of nosocomial infections did not change, and the prevalence of nosocomial infections caused by meropenem-resistant organisms was always <1% of all admissions during the period of meropenem preference. "

06/01/2010 - "Baumannii, in the two study hospitals and suggest that clinicians can still administer carbapenems as a reliable and effective choice in managing serious nosocomial infections."
05/01/2015 - "The development of resistance to carbapenems have become an increasing problem in the treatment of nosocomial infections. "
02/01/2014 - "Carbapenems are first-line agents for the treatment of serious nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. "
05/01/2012 - "Carbapenems are the major weapons in the treatment of nosocomial infections. "
01/01/2011 - "Although carbapenem antibiotics are one of the most effective agents in the treatment of nosocomial infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, their use is threatened by the emergence of antibiotic resistance. "

01/01/2007 - "Although the association between environmental surfaces contaminated with meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and hospital infection rates is not fully understood, monitoring programmes can provide an objective starting point for the development and assessment of infection control strategies incorporating improved cleaning. "
09/25/1993 - "[Clinical epidemiology of an outbreak of nosocomial infections by Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin and aminoglucosides: efficacy of the measures of control]."
07/01/2011 - "A total of 30 S.aureus [16 were methicillin-resistant (MRSA), 14 were methicillin-susceptible (MSSA)] and 21 Enterococcus spp. (13 E.faecalis, 7 E.faecium, 1 non-typable Enterococcus spp.) strains isolated from clinical samples of hospitalized patients as nosocomial infection agents in the Central Microbiology Laboratory of Ibn-i Sina Hospital, Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, were included in the study. "
11/01/2015 - "Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important pathogen associated with community-acquired and nosocomial infections. "
08/01/2015 - "Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a common cause of nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit (ICU). "

05/01/1990 - "hospitals, 652 ampicillin-resistant (Am(r)) or ampicillin-intermediate (Ami) isolates were submitted to the Centers for Disease Control from March 1983 through July 1984 by nine hospitals participating in the National Nosocomial Infections Study. "
05/01/1987 - "We examined aminoglycoside (AG) resistance in ampicillin-resistant Escherichia coli obtained from nine hospitals participating in the National Nosocomial Infections Study. "
11/01/1993 - "To assess risk factors for colonization and nosocomial infection with ampicillin-resistant enterococci (ARE). "
07/01/1992 - "We conclude that ampicillin-resistant enterococci are common in the rectal flora, can spread to the urinary system, are associated with patient characteristics that predipose to nosocomial infection, and may become an emerging clinical problem."
05/01/1992 - "An analysis of plasmid and chromosomal DNAs of isolates revealed that the increase was due to an epidemic of 19 nosocomial infections that yielded closely related strains of Enterococcus faecium and to a significant increase in the incidence of nonepidemic, largely unrelated strains of ampicillin-resistant enterococci. "

01/01/2013 - "A total of 33 A.baumannii strains isolated from clinical specimens as etiologic agents of nosocomial infections and identified as imipenem-resistant were included in the study. "
12/01/2008 - "The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for nosocomial infections of imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (IRPA). "
02/01/2013 - "Imipenem (IPM) is a carbapenem antibiotic frequently used in severe hospital infections. "
12/01/2008 - "Imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: risk factors for nosocomial infections."
06/01/2008 - "To evaluate nosocomial infections due to imipenem-resistant and imipenem-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a case-control study that included genotyping was performed. "

02/01/2013 - "Use of PUNCs for sustained drug release in long-term urinary applications shows promise in addressing catheter-related nosocomial infections."
08/01/2014 - "aeruginosa requires an improved catheters management and strengthening nosocomial infections prevention."
01/01/2014 - "In this study, CVCs microbial contamination has a high prevalence, which is a major cause of prolonged patients staying in ICUs, and therefore, it is essential to take precaution and discharge the patient early for decreasing the catheter contamination and preventing the hospital infections incidence in the ICU patients."
02/01/2013 - "Although the 2 groups' baseline characteristics were different, this study suggests a positive impact of clinical practice guidelines for the insertion and maintenance of central venous catheters on the incidence of nosocomial infections related to central catheters."
10/01/2015 - "As regards nosocomial infections, the prevention strategies implemented (hand washing, insertion and maintenance of catheters) directly affected their improvement. "

09/01/2007 - "To evaluate the efficacy of probiotics in reducing the rates of nosocomial infection in pediatric intensive care. "
02/01/2011 - "The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of using discharge summaries in medico-administrative databases (PMSI) for the identification of nosocomial infections in surgery, intensive care and obstetrics. "
02/01/2010 - "All the surgery and intensive care wards of two hospitals in Antananarivo were included to study the antimicrobial susceptibility of the pathogenic bacteria causing nosocomial infections. "
01/01/2008 - " goal of this study was to investigate factors that influence nosocomial infection in all in-patients from the surgery wards (surgery ward A and B, Gynoeco-obstetrics, urology and intensive care) at the national hospital of Point G in Bamako, Mali. "
09/01/2007 - "Probiotic administration and the incidence of nosocomial infection in pediatric intensive care: a randomized placebo-controlled trial."

06/01/2006 - "Compared with the control group, there was a marked decrease in the duration of mechanical ventilation (120 [interquartile range 48-312] vs. 65 (24-192) hrs, p=.01) and nosocomial infections rate (17% vs. 8%, p<.05) in the intervention group. "
01/01/2015 - " the trials reported no clear difference between either of the intervention comparisons in long-term mortality (three trials; 478 participants); clinically accepted measures of multiple organ dysfunction (two trials: 399 participants); incidence of in-hospital infection (two trials; 429 participants); duration of mechanical ventilation (three trials: 95 participants); and number of participants requiring respiratory organ support (five trials; 528 participants) or renal support (one trial; 57 participants). "
03/01/2012 - "The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between preterm infant treatments administered prior to the development of NEC, specifically the number of packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusions, weeks of antibiotic therapy for nosocomial infection, and number of mechanical ventilation days, and the development of NEC in preterm infants. "
08/01/2006 - "During the three periods of the study, patients were similar concerning age, Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPSII), the site of nosocomial infection, and the requirements for mechanical ventilation (75% in 2001, 76% in 2002, 74% in 2003, and 85% in 2004). "
09/01/2004 - "This prospective surveillance study of VAP among all patients receiving mechanical ventilation for 48 hours or more admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in Saudi Arabia from May 2000 to November 2002 used National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System definitions. "

02/01/1992 - "The selective gut decontamination group experienced a significant reduction in the incidence of nosocomial infections and a reduced length of stay. "
06/01/2012 - "Differences in hospital clinical outcomes (nosocomial infections and noninfectious complications), hospital length of stay, glycemic control, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, and granulocyte and monocyte functions between study groups. "
03/01/2005 - "This study evaluated the impact of nosocomial infections on cost of illness and length of stay (LOS) in intensive care units (ICUs). "
08/01/2003 - "Our study finds high rates of nosocomial infections in ICUs in Argentina, associated with a considerable attributable mortality and excess length of stay. "
05/01/1989 - "a) A three months study on nosocomial infection frequency, with a simultaneous assessment of the nosocomial infection risk factors (infected or non infected body on entry in the department, the kind of pathology, simplified scores of seriousness) and of the length of the hospital stays to compare the average length of stay for overinfected patients and for nosocomial infection non contaminated patients, after checking those factors through adjustment, themselves responsible for a prolongation of the stays. "

01/01/2015 - "Despite promising results in animal models, results from pre-hospital and emergency department administration in human studies did not show improvement in survival, organ failure, or a reduction in nosocomial infection by HS resuscitation. "
01/01/2008 - "The aim of this study was to review the pathogens associated with nosocomial infections at the Clinic for abdominal surgery, Clinic for urology, Clinic for orthopedic surgery and Clinic for resuscitation and anaesthesia of the Clinical Center of Vojvodina. "
11/01/2005 - "The study was undertaken to define the main causes of nosocomial infection and the possible ways of its prevention in a resuscitation and intensive care unit (RICU). "
01/01/1974 - "[Count of cross-infection bacteria in the Limoges Resuscitation Service (Study of 2 years of operation)]."
09/01/2008 - "Several lines of evidences indicate that this inhibitory response secondly may be deleterious in patients who survived initial resuscitation, as it may be directly responsible for worsening outcome by decreasing resistance to secondary nosocomial infections. "