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Febrile Seizures (Febrile Seizure)

Seizures that occur during a febrile episode. It is a common condition, affecting 2-5% of children aged 3 months to five years. An autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance has been identified in some families. The majority are simple febrile seizures (generally defined as generalized onset, single seizures with a duration of less than 30 minutes). Complex febrile seizures are characterized by focal onset, duration greater than 30 minutes, and/or more than one seizure in a 24 hour period. The likelihood of developing epilepsy (i.e., a nonfebrile seizure disorder) following simple febrile seizures is low. Complex febrile seizures are associated with a moderately increased incidence of epilepsy. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p784)
Also Known As:
Febrile Seizure; Febrile Convulsions; Seizures, Febrile; Febrile Convulsion Seizure; Febrile Fit; Fever Convulsion; Fever Seizure; Pyrexial Convulsion; Seizure, Febrile, Complex; Seizure, Febrile, Simple; Convulsion, Febrile; Convulsion, Fever; Convulsion, Pyrexial; Convulsions, Fever; Convulsions, Pyrexial; Febrile Convulsion; Febrile Convulsion Seizures; Febrile Fits; Fever Convulsions; Fever Seizures; Fit, Febrile; Fits, Febrile; Pyrexial Convulsions; Pyrexial Seizures; Seizure, Febrile; Seizure, Febrile Convulsion; Seizure, Fever; Seizure, Pyrexial; Seizures, Febrile Convulsion; Seizures, Fever; Seizures, Pyrexial; Convulsions, Febrile; Pyrexial Seizure
Networked: 1449 relevant articles (82 outcomes, 225 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1. Epilepsy (Aura)
2. Seizures (Absence Seizure)
3. Fever (Fevers)
4. Epileptic Syndromes
5. Febrile Seizures (Febrile Seizure)

Experts

1. Qin, Jiong: 20 articles (01/2015 - 06/2003)
2. Han, Ying: 16 articles (01/2015 - 06/2003)
3. Berkovic, Samuel F: 14 articles (01/2020 - 02/2002)
4. Scheffer, Ingrid E: 13 articles (11/2022 - 02/2002)
5. Baram, Tallie Z: 13 articles (06/2011 - 06/2002)
6. Petrou, Steven: 12 articles (05/2015 - 02/2002)
7. Klein, Nicola P: 10 articles (01/2022 - 07/2010)
8. Mabandla, Musa V: 9 articles (07/2020 - 09/2012)
9. Weintraub, Eric: 9 articles (11/2017 - 07/2010)
10. Hirose, Shinichi: 9 articles (01/2017 - 06/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Febrile Seizures:
1. Diazepam (Valium)FDA LinkGeneric
01/01/2021 - "There was a significant reduction of recurrent febrile seizures with intermittent diazepam versus placebo or no treatment at six months (risk ratio (RR) 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.48 to 0.85; 6 studies, 1151 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), 12 months (RR 0.69, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.84; 8 studies, 1416 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), 18 months (RR 0.37, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.60; 1 study, 289 participants; low-certainty evidence), 24 months (RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.95; 4 studies, 739 participants; high-certainty evidence), 36 months (RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.85; 1 study, 139 participants; low-certainty evidence), 48 months (RR 0.36, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.89; 1 study, 110 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), with no benefit at 60 to 72 months (RR 0.08, 95% CI 0.00 to 1.31; 1 study, 60 participants; very low-certainty evidence). "
01/01/2017 - " was a significant reduction of recurrent febrile seizures with intermittent diazepam versus placebo or no treatment, with a risk ratio (RR) of  0.64 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.48 to 0.85 at six months), RR of 0.69 (95% CI 0.56 to 0.84) at 12 months, RR 0.37 (95% CI 0.23 to 0.60) at 18 months, RR 0.73 (95% CI 0.56 to 0.95) at 24 months, RR 0.58 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.85) at 36 months, RR 0.36 (95% CI 0.15 to 0.89) at 48 months, with no benefit at 60 to 72 months. "
07/01/2013 - "There was a significant reduction of recurrent febrile seizures with intermittent oral diazepam versus placebo with a relative risk (RR) of 0.67 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.48 to 0.94) at 24 months), RR of 0.61 (95% CI 0.15 to 0.89) at 48 months, with no benefit at 6, 12 or 72 months. "
04/18/2012 - " was a significant reduction of recurrent febrile seizures with intermittent oral diazepam versus placebo with a relative risk (RR) of  0.67 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.48 to 0.94) at 24 months), RR of 0.61 (95% CI 0.15 to 0.89) at 48 months, with no benefit at 6, 12 or 72 months. "
09/01/2000 - "However, diazepam used in the hospital was found to be effective in controlling acute febrile seizures."
2. Phenobarbital (Luminal)FDA Link
3. Anticonvulsants (Antiepileptic Drugs)IBA
4. Valproic Acid (Depakote)FDA LinkGeneric
5. AntipyreticsIBA
6. Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)FDA LinkGeneric
7. Midazolam (Versed)FDA LinkGeneric
8. MelatoninIBA
9. Ibuprofen (Motrin)FDA LinkGeneric
10. Carbamazepine (Tegretol)FDA LinkGeneric

Therapies and Procedures

1. Therapeutics
2. Ketogenic Diet
3. Immunotherapy
4. Plasma Exchange
5. Induced Hypothermia