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Allergic Conjunctivitis (Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis)

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Conjunctivitis due to hypersensitivity to various allergens.

Also Known As:

Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis; Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis; Conjunctivitis, Allergic; Allergic Conjunctivitides; Atopic Conjunctivitides; Atopic Conjunctivitis; Conjunctivitides, Allergic; Conjunctivitides, Atopic; Conjunctivitides, Giant Papillary; Conjunctivitides, Vernal; Giant Papillary Conjunctivitides; Keratoconjunctivitides, Vernal; Papillary Conjunctivitides, Giant; Papillary Conjunctivitis, Giant; Vernal Conjunctivitides; Vernal Conjunctivitis; Vernal Keratoconjunctivitides; Conjunctivitis, Atopic; Conjunctivitis, Giant Papillary; Conjunctivitis, Vernal; Keratoconjunctivitis, Vernal

Networked: 1113 relevant articles (194 outcomes, 228 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Pruritus (Itching)
2.	Hypersensitivity (Allergy)
3.	Rhinitis
4.	Allergic Conjunctivitis (Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis)
5.	Asthma (Bronchial Asthma)

Experts

1.	Fukushima, Atsuki: 39 articles (08/2015 - 02/2002)
2.	Abelson, Mark B: 22 articles (06/2015 - 03/2002)
3.	Fukuda, Ken: 20 articles (08/2015 - 09/2002)
4.	Ebihara, Nobuyuki: 19 articles (08/2015 - 07/2002)
5.	Shoji, Jun: 18 articles (12/2014 - 10/2003)
6.	Ueno, Hisayuki: 18 articles (04/2009 - 01/2004)
7.	Ishida, Waka: 17 articles (08/2015 - 01/2004)
8.	Fujishima, Hiroshi: 17 articles (10/2014 - 03/2002)
9.	Kumagai, Naoki: 16 articles (08/2014 - 09/2002)
10.	Leonardi, A: 15 articles (02/2014 - 01/2000)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Allergic Conjunctivitis:

1.	Ophthalmic Solutions (Eye Drops)IBA 11/01/2013 - "There was a significant reduction (mean difference, -61.16; 95% CI, -101.61 to -20.72; I(2) = 58%) in the use of steroid eye drops in patients with steroid-dependent allergic conjunctivitis. " 03/01/2008 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Lactobacillus Acidophilus eye-drops in controlling signs and symptoms of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). " 03/01/2004 - "The aim of the study was to evaluate the occurrence of ocular adverse effects observed after administration of anti-allergic eye drops with and without a preservative in patients with allergic conjunctivitis. " 04/01/2003 - "To study the capability of nine antiallergic eyedrops commonly used in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis to inhibit complement activation induced in vitro by pollutants. " 12/01/2015 - "Does allergic conjunctivitis always require prescription eyedrops?"
2.	olopatadine (Patanol)FDA Link 09/01/1998 - "The results indicate that olopatadine ophthalmic solution is safe and effective in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis, with the 0.1% concentration of olopatadine being optimal. " 04/01/2003 - "As evidenced by significantly greater comfort and longer duration of lens wear, olopatadine provides superior comfort to contact lens wearers suffering from the signs and symptoms of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, as induced by the CAC model." 10/01/2005 - "Olopatadine hydrochloride 0.1% is an effective agent for relieving the signs and symptoms of vernal keratoconjunctivitis. " 09/10/2006 - "The anti-allergic eye drop olopatadine is a safe and effective treatment for seasonal allergic conjunctivitis even in childhood. " 01/01/2004 - "An ophthalmic solution of olopatadine is also useful for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis: this formulation (Patanol) was approved in the USA and the European Union for the treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis in 1996 and 2002, respectively."
3.	Cyclosporine (Ciclosporin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2015 - "Topical cyclosporine has proven to be safe and effective for Th2-mediated diseases such as allergic conjunctivitis. " 11/01/2013 - "At 2 weeks of follow-up or longer, evidence suggests a statistically significant improvement in the composite signs (standardized mean difference [SMD], -1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.80 to -0.62; I(2) = 71%) and symptoms (SMD, -0.84; 95% CI, -1.51 to -0.16; I(2) = 80%) after topical cyclosporine treatment for allergic conjunctivitis regardless of the dosage of treatment. " 12/01/1996 - "This study suggests that topical cyclosporine A may be effective in treating allergic conjunctivitis in humans." 12/01/1996 - "Topical cyclosporine A was effective in inhibiting the development of mast cell-mediated allergic conjunctivitis in mice. " 07/01/2014 - "Topical cyclosporine 0.05% emulsion treatment is a safe and effective treatment option for controlling the symptoms and signs of vernal keratoconjunctivitis in children. "
4.	Cromolyn Sodium (Cromoglicic Acid)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/1988 - "Cromolyn sodium was found to be significantly more effective than placebo in treating the signs and symptoms of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). " 01/01/1992 - "One of the main objectives of any therapy is to reduce the frequency of dosage and the current study has been designed to investigate the efficacy of a 4% solution of Sodium Cromoglycate, used twice daily, versus a 2% solution used four times daily in seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. " 11/01/2011 - "Cromolyn 2 % ophthalmic solution was effective and safe to treat allergic conjunctivitis. " 02/01/1982 - "Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is usually considered as an allergic eye disorder of type I, and in most therapeutic trials it has been shown to yield to topical treatment with sodium cromoglycate. " 07/01/1981 - "Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of topical cromolyn solution in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. "
5.	Nedocromil (Alocril)FDA Link 03/01/2002 - "Nedocromil sodium 2% twice daily was effective and safe for the treatment of symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis, significantly improving quality of life and producing high rates of user and physician satisfaction." 07/01/1994 - "We conclude that nedocromil sodium, 2% ophthalmic solution, administered bid is more effective in the relief of symptoms of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis than placebo and causes no major side effects." 01/15/1992 - "We concluded that nedocromil sodium 2% ophthalmic solution administered twice daily is effective in relieving major symptoms associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis." 09/01/2000 - "Nedocromil sodium is effective in the management of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis." 05/01/2000 - "Nedocromil sodium 2% is an effective treatment for perennial allergic conjunctivitis. "
6.	lodoxamide ethyl (lodoxamide)IBA 03/01/2006 - "Lodoxamide 0.1 ophthalmic solution is highly effective in alleviating the clinical signs and symptoms of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis and its antiallergic activity is exerted by inhibiting migration of inflammatory cells mainly eosinophlis." 04/15/1994 - "Lodoxamide 0.1% ophthalmic solution was significantly (P < .05) more effective than placebo in lowering severity scores for epithelial disease and corneal staining, evidence of the superior efficacy of lodoxamide 0.1% ophthalmic solution in reversing the corneal complications commonly associated with moderate to severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis. " 12/01/1996 - "Lodoxamide is an antiallergic drug acting as a mast-cell stabilizer, which is effective in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. " 03/01/2011 - "Safety and efficacy of lodoxamide in vernal keratoconjunctivitis." 03/01/2006 - "To ascertain the efficacy of Lodoxamide 0.1 in the reduction of Clinicopathological signs of the conjunctiva in Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis. "
7.	Tacrolimus (Prograf)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2012 - "The good safety profile of 0.1% tacrolimus ophthalmic suspension based on the low blood concentration of tacrolimus, coupled with demonstrated efficacy, make it an important tool for treating severe allergic conjunctivitis." 04/01/2010 - "Tacrolimus ophthalmic suspension 0.1% is effective in treating severe allergic conjunctivitis." 07/01/2008 - "Application of tacrolimus 0.03% dermatological ointment into the conjunctival sac appears to be effective, well tolerated, and safe in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis refractory to traditional treatment." 08/01/2014 - "The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of topical 0.1% tacrolimus in treating refractory allergic conjunctivitis with proliferative lesions and/or corneal involvement. " 08/01/2015 - "We evaluated the efficacy of topical 0.03% tacrolimus eye ointment in the management of simple allergic conjunctivitis. "
8.	levocabastine (Bilina)FDA Link 01/01/1992 - "In guinea-pigs orally and topically administered levocabastine are remarkably effective against allergic conjunctivitis." 06/01/2006 - "The results indicate that 0.025% levocabastine ophthalmic suspension is effective and safe in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis with a duration of action of at least 4 h." 09/01/1994 - "The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 0.05% levocabastine, a new antihistamine formulated for ophthalmic use, compared with the placebo vehicle for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis induced by ocular allergen challenge. " 09/01/2012 - "To evaluate the safety and efficacy of preservative-free levocabastine 0.05 % ophthalmic solution compared to placebo (vehicle) and to preserved levocabastine 0.05 % ophthalmic suspension in the prevention of allergic conjunctivitis induced by a conjunctival provocation test. " 09/01/2006 - "The early efficacy of topical levocabastine in patients with allergic conjunctivitis."
9.	Ketotifen (Ketotifene)FDA Link 12/01/2004 - "These results indicate that ketotifen fumarate 0.025% ophthalmic solution is an effective and safe treatment option for children with allergic conjunctivitis." 05/01/2003 - "To assess the efficacy of ketotifen 0.025% ophthalmic solution in the prevention of symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis, using the conjunctival allergen challenge model. " 08/01/2003 - "To study the effectiveness of ketotifen ophthalmic solution (0.25 mg/ml) in seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC) and the impact on the patient's quality of life. " 01/06/2003 - "The effect of ketotifen on inflammatory markers in allergic conjunctivitis: an open, uncontrolled study." 07/01/2009 - "[Comparison of olopatadin and ketotifen in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis]."
10.	epinastine FDA Link 01/01/2006 - "Elestat (epinastine HCl ophthalmic solution 0.05%) as a therapeutic for allergic conjunctivitis." 10/01/2014 - "Epinastine is effective and safe for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. " 09/01/2009 - "Epinastine 0.05% ophthalmic solution was found to be a safe and effective medication for the relief of symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis. " 01/01/2009 - "Epinastine 0.05% may be useful for the treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis in contact lens wearers." 10/01/2014 - "Efficacy of epinastine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution in allergic conjunctivitis by conjunctival cedar pollen allergen challenge."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Immunotherapy 01/01/2013 - "Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is a clinically effective treatment in allergic conjunctivitis (AC); however, the mechanism of the underlying pharmacodynamics remains unclear. " 11/01/2000 - "Local ocular immunotherapy is effective against experimental allergic conjunctivitis." 05/01/2015 - "This novel prophylactic approach is potentially safe and effective for allergen-specific oral immunotherapy in allergic conjunctivitis." 12/01/2010 - "Efficacy of local conjunctival immunotherapy in allergic conjunctivitis." 12/01/2008 - "Additionally, we also evaluated whether the immunotherapy relieved pollen-induced allergic conjunctivitis. "
2.	Contact Lenses 04/15/1993 - "Anecdotal reports have suggested that the use of disposable contact lenses is an effective treatment for giant papillary conjunctivitis. " 05/01/2012 - "The purpose of this study is to report on the use of fluid-filled scleral contact lenses (F-ScCL) in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). " 04/15/1993 - "The results of this study suggest that the use of disposable contact lenses for the treatment of giant papillary conjunctivitis is at least as effective as the traditional daily-wear lens of choice." 05/01/2012 - "Fluid-filled scleral contact lenses in vernal keratoconjunctivitis." 10/01/2008 - "Despite shorter replacement intervals and new lens materials, giant papillary conjunctivitis still limits the ability of some patients to wear contact lenses. "
3.	Hydrophilic Contact Lenses (Hydrophilic Contact Lens) 03/01/1979 - "Biopsy specimens of the upper tarsal conjunctiva in soft contact lens-associated giant papillary conjunctivitis were taken during (1) chronic exacerbation, (2) brief remission, and (3) intentional exacerbation. " 01/01/1990 - "To study this premise, 60 soft contact lenses of low and high water content and ionic and non-ionic compositions were recovered after their useful lifespan from asymptomatic lens wearers and those experiencing active giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC). " 12/01/1979 - "We used scanning electron microscopy to study the surfaces of five coated soft contact lenses from subjects with giant papillary conjunctivitis. " 03/01/1999 - "Role of tear inflammatory mediators in contact lens-associated giant papillary conjunctivitis in soft contact lens wearers." 07/01/1990 - "Conjunctival reaction to substances deposited on soft contact lenses is thought to be important in the development of contact lens-associated giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC). "
4.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 11/01/1992 - "We found that three cases of giant papillary conjunctivitis responded well to local specific desensitization therapy and transplantation of the conjunctiva with saphenous vein tissue." 06/01/2013 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of surgical resection and amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) for treatment of refractory symptomatic giant papillae in vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). " 06/01/2013 - "Surgical resection and amniotic membrane transplantation for treatment of refractory giant papillae in vernal keratoconjunctivitis." 05/01/2005 - "To report cultivated epithelial transplantation in 2 patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) with severe ocular surface disease. " 05/01/2005 - "Cultivated corneal epithelial transplantation for severe ocular surface disease in vernal keratoconjunctivitis."
5.	Homologous Transplantation (Allograft) 09/01/2007 - "This study investigates the effect of perioperative allergic conjunctivitis on corneal allograft survival. " 05/01/2013 - "Corneal allograft rejection in BALB/c allergic hosts was analyzed using a short ragweed (SWR) pollen model of allergic conjunctivitis. " 05/01/2013 - "Allergic conjunctivitis renders CD4(+) T cells resistant to t regulatory cells and exacerbates corneal allograft rejection." 10/01/2011 - "Perioperative allergic conjunctivitis accelerates the speed of corneal allograft rejection. " 12/01/2010 - "Further discordance between ACAID and corneal allograft survival emerged in experiments in which the induction of allergic conjunctivitis or the administration of anti-IL-17A abolished the immune privilege of corneal allografts but had no effect on the induction or expression of ACAID. "