Colic (Abdominal Cramps)

A clinical syndrome with intermittent abdominal pain characterized by sudden onset and cessation. It is usually associated with obstruction of the INTESTINES; of the CYSTIC DUCT; or of the URINARY TRACT.

Also Known As:

Networked: 1686 relevant articles (89 outcomes, 143 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Pain (Aches)
2.	Vomiting
3.	Cholelithiasis
4.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma)
5.	Nausea

Experts

1.	Proudman, C J: 10 articles (03/2015 - 06/2000)
2.	Mair, T S: 7 articles (09/2014 - 07/2005)
3.	Savino, Francesco: 7 articles (01/2014 - 04/2002)
4.	Nieto, Jorge E: 6 articles (04/2015 - 02/2005)
5.	Delesalle, C: 6 articles (10/2011 - 12/2005)
6.	Archer, D C: 5 articles (09/2015 - 06/2008)
7.	Snyder, Jack R: 5 articles (04/2015 - 02/2005)
8.	Monreal, L: 5 articles (11/2010 - 06/2000)
9.	Armengou, L: 5 articles (11/2010 - 07/2009)
10.	Smith, L J: 5 articles (01/2010 - 07/2005)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Colic:

1.	SimethiconeFDA Link 01/01/2012 - "To compare the efficacy of Mentha piperita with simethicone in treatment for infantile colic. " 01/01/2007 - "reuteri improved colicky symptoms in breastfed infants within 1 week of treatment, compared with simethicone, which suggests that probiotics may have a role in the treatment of infantile colic." 07/01/1994 - "To determine the efficacy of simethicone in the treatment of infant colic. " 01/01/1988 - "The efficacy of simethicone (available in liquid form as Mylicon Drops) in the treatment of infant colic was assessed in 51 healthy infants between 2 and 12 weeks of age. " 01/01/2007 - "Lactobacillus reuteri (American Type Culture Collection Strain 55730) versus simethicone in the treatment of infantile colic: a prospective randomized study."
2.	Dicyclomine (Bentyl)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2006 - "While dicyclomine has been shown to be effective for colic, there are significant concerns about its safety, and the manufacturer has contraindicated its use in this population. " 06/01/1984 - "Dicyclomine eliminated colic in 15 of 24 (63%) infants, whereas placebo was effective in six of 24 (25%) (corrected X2 = 5.42, P = 0.02). " 01/19/1983 - "[Dicycloverin chloride solution--a remedy for severe infantile colic]." 01/01/1977 - "Evaluation of the efficacy of dicyclomine hydrochloride ('Merbentyl') syrup in the treatment of infant colic." 01/01/2011 - "90 otherwise healthy 2-8 weeks old infants, born after gestational week 36, fulfilling the criteria for infantile colic and not medicated with dicyclomine, were included. "
3.	Diclofenac (SR 38)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1997 - "Treatment of biliary colic with diclofenac: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study." 04/07/1984 - "Diclofenac sodium in biliary colic: a double blind trial." 10/01/2011 - "Treatment with diclofenac sodium during a relatively long period of reversible unilateral ureteric obstruction, similar to its use in the management of ureteric colic, appears to ameliorate the alterations in the hemodynamic glomerular functions at least 2 weeks following the reversal of obstruction." 04/05/2002 - "These results may provide good clinical evidence showing the value of diclofenac for the treatment of biliary colic. " 10/01/1997 - "IM diclofenac for biliary colic."
4.	Meperidine (Pethidine)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/2001 - "meperidine in the treatment of acute biliary colic." 04/01/2000 - "Although meperidine has been used effectively to treat non-surgical pain, mainly from colic, this review focuses on its usefulness in the perioperative period." 10/01/2002 - "To compare the analgesic efficacy and tolerability of intravenous (IV) ketorolac tromethamine with IV meperidine in the treatment of biliary colic, a prospective, randomized, double blind study was carried out upon a convenience sample of patients at a large inner city facility. " 10/01/2002 - "Comparison of intravenous ketorolac and meperidine in the treatment of biliary colic." 02/01/1983 - "Indomethacin--an alternative to pethidine in ureteric colic."
5.	Caerulein (Ceruletide)IBA 10/01/1984 - "Data indicate that ceruletide is effective in biliary colic." 01/01/1985 - "In 88% out of 107 patients caerulein, 1 ng/kg IV, relieved biliary colic and had no side effects. " 12/01/1996 - "This study was initiated to determine gallbladder and sphincter of Oddi behaviour during biliary colic and their response to caerulein. " 02/22/1986 - "[Ceruletide as an analgesic in biliary and nephritic colic: comparative study]." 06/01/1985 - "These data support the recommendation of ceruletide as a first-choice analgetic agent for biliary colic."
6.	Milk Proteins (Milk Protein)IBA 01/01/2010 - "The elimination of cow's milk protein and using extensively hydrolysed protein formula have been shown to be effective treatments for infantile colic. " 04/18/2001 - "Interventional studies on a population level are required in order to clarify to what extent the elimination of cow's milk protein is a cure for infantile colic. " 07/01/2004 - "Cows' milk proteins appear to be associated with the prevalence of infantile colic in a significant number of cases. " 12/01/1989 - "Removal of cow's-milk protein from the diet eliminates colic in 30 percent of infants. " 06/01/1989 - "Cow milk protein as a cause of infantile colic."
7.	Analgesics (Analgesic Drugs)IBA 10/01/1992 - "A double blind randomized study was conducted in 52 patients with renoureteric colic to compare the therapeutic efficacy of two analgesics given in a single intramuscular dose. " 08/01/2012 - "Patients were evaluated for stone expulsion, colic attacks, amount of analgesics and side-effects of alpha-blockers. " 12/01/2010 - "The patients were hospitalized and randomized into two groups-group A: SWL was performed within 48 hours of onset of colicky pain (early SWL) using the electromagnetic lithotripter (Dornier Alpha Compact) along with analgesics and hydration therapy; group B: SWL was performed after 48 hours (delayed SWL) along with analgesics and hydration therapy. " 02/01/2010 - "In group 2, higher number of patients had more frequent attacks of colic and used more analgesics than in group 1 (p = 003, 0.001 and 0.002, respectively). " 02/01/2010 - "They were evaluated for stone clearance, time to stone clearance, colic attacks, need for analgesics and any side-effects at 2 weeks, and 1, 2 and 3 months. "
8.	Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents (NSAIDs)IBA 06/01/2012 - "Data from randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing NSAIDs with no treatment, placebo or other drugs in patients with biliary colic, were collected from Medline and Embase. " 07/01/1997 - "Follow-up was limited in previous studies, and the role of NSAIDs in the natural history of biliary colic has not been clarified. " 01/01/2014 - "In the absence of contraindications to their use, physician education or guidance emphasizing the benefits of NSAIDs may potentially reduce symptomatic hospital presentation and admissions for biliary colic." 03/01/2008 - "NSAIDs were efficacious in the management of colic. " 01/01/2008 - "All RCT comparing NSAIDs with any other active intervention in adults diagnosed with uncomplicated biliary colic were included. "
9.	Dipyrone (Metamizole)IBA 01/01/1990 - "However, metamizole causes life-threatening adverse events that are usually unpredictable and can only be prevented by better prescribing habits, so it is suggested that its use as a first-line agent should be restricted to the treatment of the pain of acute colic and circumstances in which parenteral administration of a non-narcotic agent is mandatory. " 01/01/2010 - "Dipyrone (metamizole) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in some countries to treat pain (postoperative, colic, cancer, and migraine); it is banned in others because of an association with life-threatening blood agranulocytosis. " 10/26/1991 - "The analgesic and spasmolytic effects of dipyrone (Novalgin) (2500 mg/100 kg bodyweight) hyoscine-N-butylbromide (Buscopan) (20 mg/100 kg bodyweight) and a combination of both drugs were evaluated in a balloon-induced model of colic, using five ponies with caecal fistulae. " 03/01/1984 - "[Comparison of the effects of ceruletide with respect to dipyrone and to a single infusion of physiologic serum in patients with pain due to nephritic colic]." 11/01/1993 - "[A double-blind study of the analgesic efficacy in kidney colic of the combination of dipyrone and spasmolytic with ketorolac trometamol]."
10.	Sucrose (Saccharose)IBA 05/01/1999 - "Based on previous studies of calming responses to sucrose taste, it was predicted that sucrose-specific calming before a feeding would be less effective in infants with colic than in those without. " 05/01/1999 - "Consequently we predicted that, if the regulation of crying by sucrose taste is relevant to the crying of infants with colic, calming responses to sucrose taste should be less effective in 6-week-old infants with colic compared with those without. " 05/01/1999 - "As predicted, infants with colic were less effectively calmed by sucrose taste than infants without. " 05/01/1999 - "After feedings, the crying of infants with colic was less affected than the crying of infants without colic for both sucrose and water tastes, and sucrose was more effective than water in both groups of infants. " 05/01/1999 - "As predicted, the crying of infants with colic was less affected than the crying of infants without colic after sucrose but not water tastes before feedings. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Lithotripsy (Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy) 01/01/2013 - "54 patients with colicky pain due to distal ureteric stone, and who underwent uncompli cated ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy, were included in the study. " 01/01/2014 - "Administration of α-1A-specific blocker reduced analgesic dosage and colic episodes and rate of adverse effects after ureteroscopic lithotripsy of lower ureteral stones and decreased gravel expulsion time after URSL." 01/01/2014 - "The number of colic episodes, lower urinary tract symptoms, analgesic dosage, and days of spontaneous passage of the stones through the ureter were recorded in a diary after lithotripsy. " 05/01/1996 - "The authors used extracorporeal lithotripsy for fragmentation of the stone and colic relief in 68 patients. " 12/01/2012 - "To compare efficacy and safety between early extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (eESWL) and deferred ESWL (dESWL) in colic patients with ureteral stones and to investigate whether eESWL can play a critical role in improving treatment outcomes. "
2.	Spinal Manipulation 09/01/2009 - "Some chiropractors claim that spinal manipulation is an effective treatment for infant colic. " 10/01/1999 - "Spinal manipulation is effective in relieving infantile colic." 02/01/2001 - "To investigate the efficacy of chiropractic spinal manipulation in the management of infantile colic. " 09/01/2009 - "Chiropractic spinal manipulation for infant colic: a systematic review of randomised clinical trials." 02/01/2001 - "Randomised controlled trial of infantile colic treated with chiropractic spinal manipulation."
3.	Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy 01/01/2013 - "Based on evidence from only one high-bias risk trial, it appears that early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (less than 24 hours after diagnosis of biliary colic) decreases the morbidity during the waiting period for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (mean waiting time 4.2 months), the hospital stay, and operating time. " 09/01/2006 - "The aim of this study was to compare the changes in generic HRQL observed before and after SVS for CEAP clinical grade 2 to 4 venous disease with those observed before and after elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ELC) for biliary colic. " 01/01/2005 - "The aim of this study was to compare the possible advantages and safety of urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ULC) with elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ELC) in patients with biliary colic. " 01/01/2015 - "Each resident completed a simulated outpatient encounter with a standardized patient (SP) presenting with biliary colic, performed a laparoscopic cholecystectomy on a porcine model in a simulated operating room and completed an uncomplicated follow-up visit with the same SP. Assessments of resident performance were collected for every pathway scenario using standardized assessment forms approved by the American Board of Surgery. " 01/01/2013 - "Uncomplicated biliary colic is one of the commonest indications for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. "
4.	Cholecystectomy 05/01/1994 - "We conclude that cholecystectomy is superior to ESWL in improving biliary colic and fatty food upset. " 05/01/1994 - "Biliary colic was cured in 90.9% and 45.4% of the patients within 3 months after cholecystectomy or ESWL, respectively (p < 0.01). " 06/01/1991 - "The study comprised 52 patients without extrahepatic biliary obstruction; 19 had had cholecystectomy, 18 of whom complained of biliary colic similar to that they had had originally. " 12/01/2014 - "Female gender in combination with biliary colic as indication for cholecystectomy correlated with low GIQLI scores. " 05/01/2014 - "Warning episodes of biliary colic represent a general indication for cholecystectomy to avoid stone-related complications. "
5.	Musculoskeletal Manipulations (Manipulative Therapy) 01/01/2012 - "This found that a greater proportion of parents of infants receiving a manipulative therapy reported clinically significant improvements than did parents of those receiving no treatment (reduction in crying to less than two hours: odds ratio (OR) 6.33; 95% CI 1.54 to 26.00; more than 30% reduction in crying: OR 3.70; 95% CI 1.15 to 11.86).Analysis of data from three studies that measured 'full recovery' from colic as reported by parents found that manipulative therapies did not result in significantly higher proportions of parents reporting recovery (OR 11.12; 95% CI 0.46 to 267.52).One study measured infant sleeping time and found manipulative therapy resulted in statistically significant improvement (MD 1.17; 95% CI 0.22 to 2.12).The quality of the studies was variable. " 10/01/2012 - "In this study, chiropractic manual therapy improved crying behavior in infants with colic. " 10/01/2012 - "Efficacy of chiropractic manual therapy on infant colic: a pragmatic single-blind, randomized controlled trial." 01/01/2012 - "The studies included in this meta-analysis were generally small and methodologically prone to bias, which makes it impossible to arrive at a definitive conclusion about the effectiveness of manipulative therapies for infantile colic.The" 01/01/2012 - " studies measured daily hours of crying and these data were combined, suggesting that manipulative therapies had a significant effect on infant colic - reducing average crying time by one hour and 12 minutes per day (mean difference (MD) -1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.89 to -0.51). "