Coal Tar (Estar)

A by-product of the destructive distillation of coal used as a topical antieczematic. It is an antipruritic and keratoplastic agent used also in the treatment of psoriasis and other skin conditions. Occupational exposure to soots, tars, and certain mineral oils is known to be carcinogenic according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985) (Merck Index, 11th ed).

Also Known As:

Networked: 308 relevant articles (28 outcomes, 42 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Fiala, Zdenek: 6 articles (01/2014 - 10/2006)
2.	Kremlacek, Jan: 5 articles (01/2014 - 10/2006)
3.	Borska, Lenka: 5 articles (01/2014 - 10/2006)
4.	Krejsek, Jan: 5 articles (01/2014 - 01/2009)
5.	Hamakova, Kvetoslava: 5 articles (01/2014 - 10/2006)
6.	Baird, William M: 4 articles (09/2015 - 02/2005)
7.	Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M: 4 articles (01/2015 - 01/2007)
8.	Roelofzen, Judith H J: 4 articles (01/2015 - 01/2007)
9.	Aben, Katja K H: 4 articles (01/2015 - 01/2007)
10.	Burstyn, Igor: 4 articles (05/2014 - 01/2003)

Related Diseases

1.	Psoriasis (Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantaris) 01/01/2004 - "1% coal tar lotion is more effective than a conventional coal tar lotion in mild to moderate psoriasis and may be preferred for first-line topical treatment." 02/01/2013 - "As early as 1925, patients suffering from psoriasis have been effectively treated with combination crude coal tar and ultraviolet B radiation, commonly known as Goeckerman therapy. " 01/01/2010 - "Topical coal tar is a well known and effective treatment for psoriasis, but the messiness, staining, odor, and inconvenience associated with its use make patient satisfaction and compliance a challenge. " 06/01/2006 - "Coal tar is one of the oldest and an effective treatment for psoriasis. " 01/01/2001 - "Coal tar shampoos, containing 2 to 10% coal tar solution, are effective in scalp psoriasis. "
2.	Atopic Dermatitis (Atopic Eczema) 01/01/1996 - "To study the efficacy and feasibility of an out-patient regimen using crude coal tar in atopic dermatitis. " 02/01/2013 - "Coal tar induces AHR-dependent skin barrier repair in atopic dermatitis." 01/01/1996 - "We started a program for the treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis in an out-patient facility using intermittent applications of crude coal tar. " 01/01/1996 - "Patients with atopic dermatitis benefit from treatment with crude coal tar. " 01/01/1996 - "Out-patient treatment of atopic dermatitis with crude coal tar."
3.	Pruritus (Itching) 01/01/2001 - "An important feature of coal tar is its potent efficacy against pruritus. " 08/01/2003 - "Itching was caused by 1% coal tar preparation in four patients and by calcipotriol in one patient. " 02/01/1998 - "Phototherapy, alone or in combination with coal tar or psoralen, is very effective in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis, but can lead to erythema and pruritus acutely, and long-term problems such as wrinkling, solar elastosis, and an increased risk of skin cancer. "
4.	Skin Neoplasms (Skin Cancer) 04/01/2010 - "Coal tar did not increase the risk of non-skin malignancies (hazard ratio (HR) 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78-1.09), or the risk of skin cancer (HR 1.09; 95% CI 0.69-1.72). " 12/01/1996 - "Epidemiological studies indicate that occupational exposure to coal tar may lead to an increased risk of lung, scrotum and skin cancer. " 12/01/1996 - "However, no clearly increased skin cancer incidences have been reported in psoriasis patients who have been exposed to therapeutically high doses of coal tar. " 01/01/1985 - "The relative risk of basal cell skin cancer among patients with psoriasis was significantly higher even after stratification for factors associated with both psoriasis and cutaneous malignancy, which include fair complexion, exposure to coal tar or pitch, and exposure to radiation. " 08/01/1981 - "It seems that the Goeckerman regimen (topical crude coal tar combined with UV radiation) can be used with minimal risk for skin cancer in the treatment of psoriasis."
5.	Eczema 04/01/2010 - "Coal tar is an effective treatment for psoriasis and eczema, but it contains several carcinogenic compounds. " 09/01/2007 - "This study was conducted as part of the ongoing LATER-study ("Late effects of coal tar treatment in eczema and psoriasis; the Radboud study"). " 09/01/2007 - "Coal tar still is an important (second choice) therapy for the topical treatment of psoriasis and eczema, but its use varies from country to country. " 01/01/2007 - "Coal tar is one of the oldest treatments for psoriasis and eczema. " 08/01/2001 - "In skin biopsies of coal tar treated eczema patients, p53 levels were elevated in 7/10 patients and a correlation was observed between p53 and DNA adduct levels (rs = 0.50, P = 0.029). "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	calcipotriene (calcipotriol)
2.	Salicylic Acid (2 Hydroxybenzoic Acid)
3.	betamethasone-17,21-dipropionate (betamethasone dipropionate)
4.	Anthralin (Dithranol)
5.	Fluocinonide (Lidex)
6.	1 alpha,24-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (Tacalcitol)
7.	Ointments (Pastes)
8.	Hydrocortisone (Cortisol)
9.	Exorex
10.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Phototherapy (Light Therapy)
2.	Traditional Medicine (Folk Remedies)
3.	Ambulatory Care (Outpatient Care)
4.	Massage (Reflexology)
5.	Homeopathy