Clonorchiasis

Infection of the biliary passages with CLONORCHIS SINENSIS, also called Opisthorchis sinensis. It may lead to inflammation of the biliary tract, proliferation of biliary epithelium, progressive portal fibrosis, and sometimes bile duct carcinoma. Extension to the liver may lead to fatty changes and cirrhosis. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

Also Known As:

Networked: 319 relevant articles (29 outcomes, 43 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Infections
2.	Paragonimiasis
3.	Helminthiasis (Helminthiases)
4.	Opisthorchiasis
5.	Cysts

Experts

1.	Yu, Xinbing: 29 articles (05/2020 - 07/2007)
2.	Huang, Yan: 20 articles (05/2020 - 08/2007)
3.	Hong, Sung-Tae: 19 articles (12/2020 - 06/2002)
4.	Xu, Jin: 18 articles (11/2017 - 07/2007)
5.	Hu, Xuchu: 16 articles (06/2014 - 07/2007)
6.	Choi, Min-Ho: 14 articles (12/2012 - 06/2002)
7.	Hong, Sung-Jong: 13 articles (05/2022 - 08/2002)
8.	Li, Xuerong: 13 articles (05/2020 - 07/2011)
9.	Wu, Zhongdao: 12 articles (11/2017 - 07/2007)
10.	Kim, Tong-Soo: 8 articles (05/2021 - 06/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Clonorchiasis:

1.	Praziquantel (Biltricide)FDA Link 02/16/2010 - "Repeated mass treatment or selective treatment with praziquantel every 6 to 12 months is highly effective for clonorchiasis control in heavily endemic areas. " 07/01/1992 - "Analysis of five therapeutic schemes used in clonorchiasis, making use of chloxilin, medamin or praziquantel, has demonstrated a low efficacy of all of them. " 02/01/1981 - "Clinical evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of praziquantel (Embay 8440) against Clonorchis sinensis infection in man." 07/15/2004 - "ENBD combined with oral praziquantel is an effective and safe method for the treatment of severe Clonorchiasis sinensis." 01/01/2000 - "Chemotherapeutic efficacy of praziquantel in rats with protective immunity to Clonorchis sinensis infection."
2.	Albendazole (Albenza)FDA Link 02/22/2018 - "[Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection and effect of albendazole treatment among residents in two communities of Zhongshan City]." 01/01/1991 - "Experimental and clinical trial of albendazole in the treatment of Clonorchiasis sinensis." 06/01/1985 - "[Treatment of clonorchiasis sinensis with albendazole: 50 cases]." 02/22/2018 - "To understand the prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection among residents in two communities of Zhongshan City, and evaluate the effect of albendazole treatment, so as to offer the evidence for formulating the strategy of clonorchiasis prevention and control. " 06/01/2021 - "Albendazole was tried even for treatment of trematode (fascioliasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, and intestinal fluke infections) and protozoan infections (giardiasis, vaginal trichomoniasis, cryptosporidiosis, and microsporidiosis). "
3.	tribendimidineIBA 01/01/2020 - "Also, the NIPD has verified the efficacy of tribendimidine against clonorchiasis. " 01/11/2019 - "Tribendimidine could be an alternative drug that has been successfully tested for Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis infections. " 04/01/2013 - "sinensis-infected patients to determine the potential of tribendimidine against clonorchiasis and other helminthiases. " 06/01/2022 - "Tribendimidine (TBD) is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic drug that is also significantly effective in treating clonorchiasis. " 04/01/2008 - "The in vivo results presented here with the artemisinins and tribendimidine provide further data for clinical investigations to assess the safety and efficacy of these drugs in clonorchiasis patients."
4.	AntigensIBA 10/01/2012 - "The combined results from the present study indicate that CsLAP2 was an important antigen exposed to host immune system, and probably implicated as potential role in interaction with host cells in clonorchiasis." 01/01/1998 - "[Advances in the study of diagnostic antigens in clonorchiasis]." 06/01/1988 - "[Studies on the immunodiagnosis of rabbit clonorchiasis II. Immunoaffinity purification of whole worm antigen and characterization of egg, metacercaria and adult antigens of Clonorchis sinensis]" 04/01/1964 - "[STUDIES ON THE FRACTIONATION OF CLONORCHIASIS ANTIGEN RESPONSIBLE FOR THE INTRADERMAL SKIN REACTION]." 12/01/2020 - "CsAg17 antigen can be used to develop point-of-care serodiagnostic tests for clonorchiasis."
5.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)FDA Link 01/01/2020 - "To understand the functions of various proteins in Clonorchis sinensis physiology and human clonorchiasis, the ESPs and tegument proteins of C. " 11/01/2017 - "Survival of Clonorchis sinensis, a cause of human clonorchiasis, requires tegument proteins, which are localized to the tegumental outer surface membrane. " 03/04/2017 - "A comprehensive understanding of tegumental proteins can provide drug candidates for use against helminth-associated diseases, such as clonorchiasis caused by the liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis. " 12/21/2015 - "Our results demonstrated that CsCBs can degrade various human proteins and we proved that the secreted CsCBs are involved in the pathogenesis of clonorchiasis." 08/01/2012 - "sinensis was expressed and purified, and then the sero-diagnostic effects of the purified proteins for clonorchiasis by ELISA were compared. "
6.	VaccinesIBA 01/01/2020 - "subtilis spores displaying CsSerpin3 could be investigated further as an oral vaccine against clonorchiasis." 07/01/2015 - "subtilis spore expressing CsENO and encourage us to carry out more assessment trails of the oral treated spore to develop vaccine against clonorchiasis. " 02/01/2012 - "Considering biological role and specific immunity of TSPs, rCsTSP2EC2 might be a probable vaccine candidate against clonorchiasis. " 01/01/2012 - "Human clonorchiasis has been increasingly prevalent in recent years and results in a threat to the public health in epidemic regions, motivating current strategies of vaccines to combat Clonorchis sinensis (C. " 08/01/2004 - "These results suggest that CsFABP may be useful as a vaccine for clonorchiasis."
7.	AnthelminticsIBA 12/01/1975 - "The use of these anthelmintics for the clinical treatment of Clonorchis sinensis infection is discussed." 12/01/1975 - "Effectiveness of anthelmintic drugs against Clonorchis sinensis infection of rabbits." 03/13/1971 - "[Clonorchiasis and its treatment with a new anthelmintic agents]." 01/08/2019 - "Our case report may shed light on definite diagnosis of clonorchiasis with concomitant cholelithiasis, methodology for surgical drainage of the parasites, and postoperative anthelmintic therapy. " 01/08/2019 - "Standardized treatments for these gallstone patients with concomitant clonorchiasis include surgical removal of the calculus, postoperative T tubule drainage and anthelmintic therapy. "
8.	Mebendazole (Anti-Worm)FDA Link 10/01/2005 - "The minimum effective dosages were a single dose of praziquantel 375 mg/kg, albendazole 150 mg/kg, and mebendazole 150 mg/kg. Trials are required to determine whether these dosages are useful in the treatment of human clonorchiasis." 10/01/2005 - "In order to determine the minimum effective dosages of praziquantel, albendazole, and mebendazole against Clonorchis sinensis infection in Sprague-Dawley rats, each rat was infected with 30 metacercariae and treated with one of three drugs. " 10/01/2005 - "Determination of the minmum effective dosages of praziquantel, albendazole, and mebendazole against Clonorchis sinensis infection in rats."
9.	azinoxIBA 01/01/1993 - "[The first trial of azinox treatment in a clonorchiasis focus in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam]." 01/01/1993 - "Trials of biltricide (Merck, India) and azinox, its analog manufactured in this country, carried out in a mixed focus of clonorchiasis and intestinal nematodiases in Vietnam, have not shown any noticeable difference in the efficacy and tolerance of these drugs, that were administered for 3 days in total doses of 60 and 75 mg/kg. The mean efficacy of clonorchiasis therapy was 59.2%, and the invasion intensity reduced by more than 98%. "
10.	AntibodiesIBA 01/01/2001 - "To establish a new, fast, sensitive and specific assay for detecting antibodies in clonorchiasis. " 01/01/2001 - "[Application of dot immunogold filtration assay for detecting serum antibodies in clonorchiasis patients]." 06/01/1983 - "Thin layer immunoassay was carried out to demonstrate antibodies against Clonorchis sinensis in sera from clonorchiasis patients. " 04/01/1981 - "[Irregular anti-P1 allo-antibodies and sinensis clonorchiasis]." 03/01/1995 - "Antibodies in serum of patients with clonorchiasis before and after treatment."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 01/01/2022 - "The present study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of the three recommended strategies (i.e., WHO, Chinese and Guangdong strategies) and different combinations of commonly used measures (i.e., preventive chemotherapy, information, education, and communication (IEC) and environmental improvement) on clonorchiasis. " 09/01/2005 - "Extensive studies of clonorchiasis during several decades in Japan, Korea, China and other countries have shown much progress in proving its morphological features including ultrastructure, biology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical manifestations and chemotherapy. " 12/01/1965 - "Report: 3. The Patho-Histological Study On The Liver Of Rabbit Healed From Clonorchiasis By Chemotherapy]" 12/01/1965 - "[A Study On The Chemotherapy In Clonorchiasis. " 11/12/2018 - "Thus, the national guideline of mass chemotherapy for clonorchiasis should be established, while the protocols for individual treatment should be standardized. "
2.	Therapeutics 04/08/2022 - "To analyze the clinical characteristics of biliary obstruction patients with Clonorchis sinensis infections, so as to provide insights into the clinical diagnosis and therapy of this comorbidity. " 01/08/2019 - "Unfortunately, unspecific clinical manifestations of patients with hepatic clonorchiasis tend to mislead clinicians to neglect or misdiagnose them, following ignorance of appropriate therapy. " 07/01/1987 - "Physicians caring for emigrants or travelers from the Clonorchis endemic belt need to be aware of the manifestations of clonorchiasis to enhance diagnosis and therapy." 07/01/1966 - "[Therapy of clonorchiasis. " 12/01/1965 - "Clonorchiasis for which no specific therapy is available has been recognized as one of the serious public health problems in terms of waste of human productivity in Korea today and an urgent consideration must be given to its prevention and control. "
3.	Cholecystectomy 11/29/2019 - "The PCR diagnosis method used in this report might be helpful in reducing the misdiagnosis of clonorchiasis and unnecessary cholecystectomy." 11/01/2014 - "A misdiagnosis of clonorchiasis as gallstone, leading to an unnecessary cholecystectomy: a case report."
4.	Endoscopic Sphincterotomy 01/01/2011 - "We describe an unusual presentation of Clonorchis sinensis infection with obstructive jaundice due to duodenal papillitis which was relieved dramatically by endoscopic sphincterotomy. "
5.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 06/01/1999 - "To ascertain residual sonographic and histopathological findings of clonorchiasis after treatment, the present study evaluated sonographic findings in rabbits which were infected with 500 metacercariae of C. " 03/01/2009 - "In a heavy endemic area, the sonographic finding of FEFGB may suggest active clonorchiasis 1 year after treatment." 03/01/2009 - "Changes in sonographic findings after treatment of patients with clonorchiasis in a heavy endemic area." 07/01/2003 - "Experimental clonorchiasis in dogs: CT findings before and after treatment." 04/01/1983 - "[Changes in antibody levels in patients after treatment of Clonorchis sinensis infection]."