Chymopapain (Chymodiactin)

04/01/1981 - "The enzyme chymopapain, which has a wide margin of safety between its effective therapeutic and toxic doses, is effective in the management of sciatica due to a herniated intervertebral disc. "
03/01/1986 - "Analgesic treatment was reduced in patients treated by chymopapain: 65% of patients in the first group report some or much improvement in their sciatica, whereas this figure was 26% in the placebo group (p less than 0.02). "
06/01/1986 - "Mechanism of action of intradiscal chymopapain in the treatment of sciatica: a clinical, biochemical, and radiological study."
11/01/1984 - "Based on the late results of this study, chymopapain is recommended for the treatment of sciatica from intervertebral disc herniation when conservative measures have failed and before disc fragment excision is considered."
11/01/1982 - "From the preliminary results of this study, chymopapain is recommended for the treatment of sciatica from intervertebral disc herniation when conservative measures have failed and before disc fragment excision is considered."

04/01/1993 - "The present study describes the radiological and histological changes in the canine intervertebral disk after the experimental injection of chymopapain as the chemical reagent, and determines the appropriate dose of the enzyme for treatment of herniated disks. "
11/01/1986 - "Even though these findings could not be correlated with clinical success or failure using the criteria in this study, six of the original 39 patients were diagnosed as having free disk fragments on the basis of their initial MR scans, a fact that does have management implications for the use of chymopapain in treatment of herniated disk disease."
03/01/2005 - "Herniated discs after administration of MMP-7 and chymopapain showed a significant decrease in protruded mass 7 days after administration compared with saline-treated discs when evaluated by myelography (p<0.01). "
08/10/1992 - "[Lumbar disk prolapse treated with chymopapain]."
10/01/1988 - "16 patients suffering from a herniated disc with purely lumbalgic manifestations were treated with chymopapain nucleolysis. "

08/01/1985 - "Most cases of treatment failure could be attributed to an incorrect radiographic diagnosis, treatment of patients with equivocal diagnostic studies, the presence of "free" disk fragments, and causes of nerve-root compression unresponsive to chymopapain."
01/01/1975 - "Experimental studies on the effect of chymopapain on nerve root compression caused by intervertebral disk material."
01/01/1975 - "Since the primary effect of chymopapain is on the chondromucoprotein of the disk, beneficial results would not be expected if nerve root compression is due to bony impingement or scar tissue following previous surgery. "
07/01/1985 - "Ten normal adult volunteers, 75 patients with low back pain and/or lumbar radiculopathy, 16 patients following chymopapain treatment, 14 patients with recurrent symptoms following disc surgery, and two patients with distal cord compression were scanned on Fonar 3000 permanent magnet scanner. "

07/01/1986 - "No complications due to chymopapain toxicity were observed; 80.1% of patients were relieved of their presenting radicular leg pain and 75.1% were employed at a capacity equal to or more strenuous than before injection. "
05/01/1986 - "This study involves eight- to ten-year follow-up results of chymopapain injection for severe sciatic pain secondary to a herniating nucleus pulposus. "
06/01/2006 - "Since the first injection of chymopapain in 1963, percutaneous intradiscal therapies have been used to treat discogenic back and leg pain. "
05/01/1986 - "On a series of 165 patients injected with chymopapain in only one disc, discographic data were correlated with the result of the treatment on the root pain. "
03/01/1986 - "After one month, the intensity of lumbar pain decreased by 44% on average in the group treated by chymopapain, and by 0% in the placebo group. "

02/01/1990 - "Chymopapain, even if injected repeatedly into the epidural space, does not cause significant scarring in the meninges."
01/01/1975 - "Since the primary effect of chymopapain is on the chondromucoprotein of the disk, beneficial results would not be expected if nerve root compression is due to bony impingement or scar tissue following previous surgery. "