Choriocarcinoma

A malignant metastatic form of trophoblastic tumors. Unlike the HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, choriocarcinoma contains no CHORIONIC VILLI but rather sheets of undifferentiated cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts (TROPHOBLASTS). It is characterized by the large amounts of CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN produced. Tissue origins can be determined by DNA analyses: placental (fetal) origin or non-placental origin (CHORIOCARCINOMA, NON-GESTATIONAL).

Also Known As:

Networked: 2573 relevant articles (85 outcomes, 274 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasm Metastasis (Metastasis)
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
3.	Invasive Hydatidiform Mole (Invasive Mole)
4.	Hydatidiform Mole (Molar Pregnancy)
5.	Embryonal Carcinoma

Experts

1.	Xiang, Yang: 23 articles (06/2015 - 05/2003)
2.	Cheung, Annie N Y: 12 articles (07/2015 - 08/2003)
3.	Ngan, Hextan Y S: 11 articles (07/2015 - 08/2003)
4.	Wan, Xi-run: 10 articles (01/2013 - 08/2003)
5.	Ino, K: 10 articles (12/2012 - 01/2000)
6.	Nakanishi, Tsuyoshi: 9 articles (01/2016 - 06/2002)
7.	Kikkawa, F: 9 articles (12/2012 - 07/2001)
8.	Yang, Xiu-yu: 9 articles (01/2010 - 05/2003)
9.	Kikkawa, Fumitaka: 9 articles (02/2009 - 01/2002)
10.	Cole, Laurence A: 9 articles (08/2008 - 06/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Choriocarcinoma:

1.	Methotrexate (Mexate)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1981 - "Treatment of choriocarcinoma should be eradicated of trophoblastic cells which undergo destruction in both of primary and metastatic sites and Methotrexate (MTX) has a most effective value. " 05/01/2005 - "We present a case of metastatic gestational choriocarcinoma following a term pregnancy that was treated successfully with oral methotrexate therapy. " 07/01/2014 - "Human choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cell lines, and methotrexate resistant choriocarcinoma JEG-3 (JEG-3/MTXR) cell lines were used in our present study. " 03/01/1984 - "Although cell culture studies show that 100% of cell death can be achieved with serum levels of 10(-5) M in methotrexate-resistant choriocarcinoma, similar data do not exist for previously untreated trophoblastic neoplastic cells. " 09/01/2015 - "The patient was defined to have stage I choriocarcinoma with good prognostic factors and methotrexate monotherapy was administered. "
2.	Cisplatin (Platino)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/2007 - "Long-term disease-free survival and potential cure is possible with HDCT in choriocarcinoma patients that progressed after standard cisplatin combination therapy." 01/01/2006 - "The prognosis of primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma is still very poor despite the introduction of combination chemotheraphy including cisplatin. " 01/01/1982 - "A case of choriocarcinoma responding well to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) was reported. " 01/01/1982 - "[Case of choriocarcinoma of a probable testicular origin with a good response to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP)]." 01/01/2001 - "Choriocarcinoma of the gallbladder: treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy."
3.	Etoposide (VP 16)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/1991 - "[A case of complete remission obtained with etoposide in uterine choriocarcinoma]." 05/01/1988 - "In conclusion, it was demonstrated basically and clinically that Etoposide was very effective in the treatment of choriocarcinoma." 05/01/1988 - "To establish a new method for treating choriocarcinoma, basic and clinical studies were made on Etoposide, a newly developed anticancer drug. " 05/01/1988 - "[Basic and clinical study of anticancer effect of etoposide on choriocarcinoma]." 12/01/2007 - "An adenovirus expressing PUMA (Ad-PUMA), alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents (5-FU, vp16, MTX), was used to treat drug-resistant choriocarcinoma cells jeg-3/vp16 and parental jeg-3. "
4.	Chorionic Gonadotropin (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2015 - "Overexpression of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) is frequently associated with germ cell tumours, especially choriocarcinoma. " 01/01/2015 - "A diagnosis of gestational choriocarcinoma was made without biopsy, using a combination of clinical history, isolated elevated human chorionic gonadotropin markers of 77,000 IU/mL and radiological findings. " 11/01/2014 - "We present the case of a 25-year-old nulliparous woman who presented to our department with a retroperitoneal mass and negative urine human chorionic gonadotropin test, who was immunohistopathologically diagnosed with nongestational choriocarcinoma. " 11/01/2014 - "Choriocarcinoma is characterized by the production of human chorionic gonadotropin. " 10/01/2013 - "Henceforth, we recommend a 2-year maternal human chorionic gonadotropin follow-up after neonatal choriocarcinoma and extensive imaging if the human chorionic gonadotropin rises. "
5.	Gestational trophoblastic diseaseIBA 07/30/1998 - "Subsequent study using immunohistochemistry showed high levels of DOC-2/hDab2 protein expression in normal trophoblast tissues but significantly lower levels of expression in gestational trophoblastic disease tissues, particularly in complete mole and choriocarcinoma. " 09/01/1990 - "[A clinicopathological study on gestational trophoblastic disease comparing with high risk criteria and diagnostic score of choriocarcinoma]." 09/01/2015 - "Gestational Trophoblastic Disease and Choriocarcinoma." 01/01/2015 - "Choriocarcinoma of the fallopian tube is a rare form of gestational trophoblastic disease. " 11/01/2014 - "Choriocarcinoma is the most aggressive, malignant form of gestational trophoblastic disease and has varying incidence, increasing in patients older than 40 years. "
6.	Carbon MonoxideIBA 12/07/2010 - "[Clinical study of partial mole or choriocarcinoma with co-existing fetus]." 11/01/2007 - "In situ studies of placentae of first, second and third trimester of pregnancy, and of choriocarcinomas, demonstrated that syncytiotrophoblast cells co-expressed EBI3 and p28. " 10/01/2003 - "Data from this study indicate that human choriocarcinoma cell subtypes co-express both Fas and FasL. " 01/01/2014 - "We investigated the co-culturing of BeWo Choriocarcinoma and Human Placental Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HPMVECs) on the endothelial angiogenic profile and the effect Ad-HuIGF-1 treatment of one cell has on the other. " 12/01/2013 - "P27 expression by stromal cells and total trophoblastic population at 7.5% cut-off point could discriminate between PM and CM. P57 and p27 are co-parallely expressed in non-molar as well as partial molar gestations, but they did not show this coordination in choriocarcinoma. "
7.	Estrogens (Estrogen)FDA Link 08/01/1997 - "Estrogen receptor expression and growth-promoting function in human choriocarcinoma cells." 02/15/1988 - "These observations and some descriptive features of the disease suggest that hormonal factors, specifically below normal estrogen levels, may be associated with a disruption of normal ovulation and thus predispose to choriocarcinoma." 06/01/1986 - "To explore the possible link between cigarette smoking and decreased endogenous estrogens, we have examined the effects of constituents of tobacco on estrogen production in human choriocarcinoma cells and term placental microsomes. " 06/01/1984 - "Human choriocarcinoma trophoblast cells (JAr line) were utilized as whole cell preparations in tissue culture to evaluate the effects of mechanism-based inactivation or "suicide inhibition" of estrogen biosynthesis. " 07/10/1959 - "[Choriocarcinoma with seminomatous components, increased androgen & estrogen excretion & positive Aschheim-Zondek reaction]."
8.	Dactinomycin (Ac-De)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1988 - "To investigate this point, in vitro studies were performed to determine the sensitivity and uptake of MTX and dactinomycin (administered individually and in combination) to NaUCC-2 and three other choriocarcinoma cell lines. " 12/01/2006 - "Dactinomycin-induced cutaneous toxic effects during treatment of choriocarcinoma." 07/01/2004 - "Two others responded to a 5-day regimen of dactinomycin, 1 responded to a multidrug regimen, and 1 had chemo-resistant disease dying of metastatic choriocarcinoma. " 01/01/1987 - "The sensitivity to actinomycin-D (Act-D) and the changes in survival rate of two human choriocarcinoma cell lines (BeWo and SCH) were studied in vitro and the following results were obtained. " 11/01/1973 - "Actinomycin D stimulation of HCG production by human choriocarcinoma."
9.	Oral ContraceptivesIBA 02/01/1994 - "Some factors associated with stroke are unique to women: pregnancy, use of oral contraceptives, postmenopausal hormonal replacement, and choriocarcinoma. " 06/01/1979 - "Similar although not identical inclusions have been observed by other investigators in the liver of women with hydatidiform mole or choriocarcinoma, of pregnant women, and of women taking oral contraceptives. " 01/01/1991 - "Relative to women who had never used oral contraceptives, the estimated relative risk of choriocarcinoma for women who had used oral contraceptives for at least 5 years was 6.0 (95% CI, 1.3 to 28); for invasive mole and hydatidiform mole, the relative risks were elevated but not statistically significant. " 11/07/1992 - "Both patients, one with end-stage lung cancer and the other in complete remission after intensive chemotherapeutic treatment of a choriocarcinoma, became pregnant while using oral contraceptives in combination with phenytoin. " 04/01/1985 - "We conclude that this study provides no evidence that the use of estrogen-progestogen oral contraceptives prior to human chorionic gonadotropin remission increases the risk for invasive mole or choriocarcinoma following molar pregnancy. "
10.	Bleomycin (Blenoxane)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/1983 - "Bleomycin/vinblastine-therapy failed more frequently in choriocarcinomas as compared to other histological categories (22% vs. 14%). " 01/01/1990 - "The patient, an advanced case of choriocarcinoma, was treated with combination chemotherapy comprising vincristine, bleomycin and cisplatinum. " 04/15/1980 - "Both have achieved sustained clinical and serum beta subunit-hCG titer remission of choriocarcinoma with the use of the drugs cis-platinum, vinblastine, and bleomycin." 12/01/1988 - "Bleomycin, cisplatin and etoposide combination therapy (BCE) in drug-resistant gestational choriocarcinoma." 06/01/1986 - "Treatment of drug-tolerant choriocarcinoma in combination with bleomycin, cisplatin and VP16-213 (Etoposide)."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 03/01/1966 - " recent years chemotherapy has dramatically improved the prognosis of patients with choriocarcinoma. " 07/01/2008 - "Improved systemic chemotherapy for metastatic testicular choriocarcinoma can result in excellent prognosis for life and vision." 08/01/2003 - "Ten cases of choriocarcinoma with stage IV had received average 15 courses of chemotherapy, six of them reached complete remission. " 08/01/2003 - "Seventeen cases of choriocarcinoma with stage IIIb had received average 14.3 courses of chemotherapy, 11 of them reached complete remission. " 08/01/2003 - "Eleven cases of choriocarcinoma with stage IIIa had received average 13 courses of chemotherapy, 10 of them reached complete remission. "
2.	Combination Drug Therapy (Combination Chemotherapy) 10/01/1985 - "Facial dehiscence at one month in a young man on combination chemotherapy for a pure choriocarcinoma prompted this experimental study. " 05/01/2008 - "In the present case we report a 30-year-old female patient with primary choriocarcinoma of lung localization who was successfully treated with surgical resection and multiple cycles of combination chemotherapy. " 01/01/2006 - "Refractory metastatic choriocarcinoma treated surgically with polychemotherapy--case report." 10/01/2002 - "Based on WHO criteria she was classified as high-risk metastatic choriocarcinoma and treated with combination chemotherapy. " 04/01/1998 - "Choriocarcinoma is mostly curable with combination chemotherapy, but delayed diagnosis can lead to treatment failure. "
3.	Hysterectomy 01/01/1959 - "[Pulmonary choriocarcinoma discovered 3 years after molar abortion: atypical resection following hysterectomy: apparent cure with a recession of 2 years]." 04/01/2013 - "She was diagnosed with gestational choriocarcinoma (GC) based on the pathological examination of the hysterectomy specimen. " 06/01/2012 - "[Living birth after partial hysterectomy for chemorefractory gestational choriocarcinoma]." 01/01/2008 - "Life-saving hysterectomy in choriocarcinoma: presentation of two cases." 05/01/2005 - "Adjuvant surgical procedures were performed on 15 patients as a component of their therapy; eight (73%) of 11 patients who underwent hysterectomy, five (62%) of eight patients who had pulmonary resections, and one patient who had wedge resection of resistant choriocarcinoma from the uterus survived. "
4.	Combined Modality Therapy 08/01/2007 - "[Combined modality therapy for primary choriocarcinoma in the pineal region: report of two cases]." 11/01/2006 - "In a total of 103 cases of postpartum choriocarcinoma treated with multiagent cytotoxic chemotherapy and combined modality therapy, 92 patients (89.3%) achieved a complete remission while 2 patients had a partial remission, and 9 patients died. " 11/01/2006 - "Postpartum choriocarcinoma could have an increasing probability of cure with early diagnosis and the use of modern multiagent cytotoxic chemotherapy and combined modality therapy." 12/01/1993 - "Intracranial choriocarcinoma causing precocious puberty and cured with combined modality therapy." 08/01/2007 - "HCG measurement can be crucial to the diagnosis and post-treatment monitoring of choriocarcinoma, and radical surgical tumor removal and combined modality therapy including chemotherapy and radiotherapy may ensure good results."
5.	Radiotherapy 05/01/1963 - "Case of choriocarcinoma in the male cured by radiotherapy]." 06/01/2007 - "Successful neoadjuvant synchronous chemo- and radiotherapy for disseminated primary intracranial choriocarcinoma: case report." 09/01/1994 - "A case report on radiotherapy in choriocarcinoma: a life saving procedure." 12/01/1989 - "The remission rate of choriocarcinoma has greatly improved since the introduction of effective multiagent chemotherapy combined with aggressive surgical therapy and radiotherapy. " 12/01/2013 - "It is concluded that in males, choriocarcinoma carries a very dismal prognosis and a very poor response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; surgery has no role in the management."