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Intracranial Arteriosclerosis (Cerebral Atherosclerosis)

Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of ARTERIES inside the SKULL. There are three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis with fatty deposits in the ARTERIAL INTIMA; (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis with calcium deposits in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis involving the small caliber arteries. Clinical signs include HEADACHE; CONFUSION; transient blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX); speech impairment; and HEMIPARESIS.
Also Known As:
Cerebral Atherosclerosis; Cerebral Arteriosclerosis; Intracranial Atherosclerosis; Arterioscleroses, Cerebral; Arterioscleroses, Intracranial; Arteriosclerosis, Cerebral; Arteriosclerosis, Intracranial; Atheroscleroses, Cerebral; Atheroscleroses, Intracranial; Atherosclerosis, Cerebral; Atherosclerosis, Intracranial; Cerebral Arterioscleroses; Cerebral Atheroscleroses; Intracranial Arterioscleroses; Intracranial Atheroscleroses
Networked: 538 relevant articles (24 outcomes, 69 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1. Stroke (Strokes)
2. Pathologic Constriction (Stenosis)
3. Ischemic Stroke
4. Inflammation (Inflammations)
5. Cognitive Dysfunction

Experts

1. Kim, Jong S: 10 articles (01/2022 - 05/2011)
2. Gao, Feng: 8 articles (01/2022 - 06/2008)
3. Bang, Oh Young: 8 articles (01/2021 - 04/2005)
4. Liebeskind, David S: 7 articles (08/2018 - 01/2012)
5. Hopkins, L Nelson: 6 articles (11/2010 - 04/2004)
6. Levy, Elad I: 6 articles (11/2010 - 04/2004)
7. Ji, Xunming: 5 articles (01/2022 - 01/2009)
8. Heo, Ji Hoe: 5 articles (11/2021 - 12/2013)
9. Saver, Jeffrey L: 5 articles (07/2021 - 01/2012)
10. Chung, Jong-Won: 5 articles (01/2021 - 01/2016)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Intracranial Arteriosclerosis:
1. 10-N-nonylacridinium orange (NAO)IBA
2. Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)FDA LinkGeneric
3. LipidsIBA
4. Phenobarbital (Luminal)FDA Link
5. Cilostazol (Pletal)FDA LinkGeneric
03/01/2015 - "Additional trials have shown that cilostazol is effective in the prevention of intracranial atherosclerosis progression. "
03/01/2015 - "Although further studies are required, we suggest that at least some stroke patients (e.g., patients prone to bleeding, patients with intracranial atherosclerosis, etc.) may readily benefit from cilostazol regardless of ethnicity. "
01/01/1985 - "A new antithrombotic drug, cilostazol (6-[4-(1-cyclohexyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)butoxy]-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-qui nolinone OPC-13013), was administered at daily oral doses of 75, 150 and 300 mg for 2 weeks in 15 patients with cerebrovascular disease including cerebral thrombosis, transient ischemic attacks and cerebral arteriosclerosis, and patient response was determined based on the degree of suppression of the platelet function. "
01/01/1985 - "A new antithrombotic drug, cilostazol (6-[4-(1-cyclohexyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)butoxy]-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)- qui nolinone, OPC-13013), was orally administered at 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg daily for four weeks to 24 patients with cerebrovascular diseases including cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism, transient ischemic attacks and cerebral arteriosclerosis. "
01/01/2020 - "Many studies addressing the use of Cilostazol in patients with coronary and cerebral atherosclerosis have investigated the effect of the drug as a component of dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin + Cilostazol) and triple antiplatelet therapy (aspirin + clopidogrel + Cilostazol) after endovascular interventions. "
6. C-Reactive ProteinIBA
7. AntioxidantsIBA
8. EndostatinsIBA
01/01/2005 - "A predominance of the inhibitor endostatin within the endogenous angiogenic response is associated with a greater extent and risk of recurrence of symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis, suggesting that angiogenesis may be beneficial in this condition."
01/01/2005 - "Angiogenesis in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis: predominance of the inhibitor endostatin is related to a greater extent and risk of recurrence."
01/01/2005 - "We aimed to investigate the relationship between the pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the anti-angiogenic endostatin, and the extent and risk of recurrence of symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis. "
01/01/2005 - "Diabetes mellitus (OR, 6.04; CI, 1.1 to 32.2; P=0.03) and a higher endostatin/VEGF ratio (OR, 15.7; CI, 2.2 to 112.3; P=0.006) were independently associated with a greater extent of intracranial atherosclerosis. "
01/01/2005 - "Studies performed by our group in patients with symptomatic intracranial large-artery atherosclerosis have shown that: (1) C-reactive protein predicts its progression and recurrence, suggesting that inflammation may play a deleterious role in this condition; (2) a high level of the anti-angiogenic endostatin is also associated with a progressive and recurrent intracranial atherosclerosis, which might support a beneficial role for angiogenesis in this group of patients; and (3) elevated lipoprotein(a) concentration and diabetes mellitus characterize those patients with a higher number of intracranial stenoses."
9. Nootropic Agents (Nootropics)IBA
10. divazaIBA

Therapies and Procedures

1. Therapeutics
2. Catheters
3. Thrombectomy
4. Stents
5. Chinese Traditional Medicine (Traditional Chinese Medicine)