Cerebellar Ataxia (Dysmetria)

Incoordination of voluntary movements that occur as a manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES. Characteristic features include a tendency for limb movements to overshoot or undershoot a target (dysmetria), a tremor that occurs during attempted movements (intention TREMOR), impaired force and rhythm of diadochokinesis (rapidly alternating movements), and GAIT ATAXIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p90)

Also Known As:

Networked: 924 relevant articles (37 outcomes, 62 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Ataxia (Dyssynergia)
2.	Myoclonus (Nocturnal Myoclonus)
3.	Cerebellar Diseases (Cerebellar Syndrome)
4.	Hodgkin Disease (Hodgkin's Disease)
5.	Gait Ataxia

Experts

1.	Mizusawa, Hidehiro: 14 articles (01/2015 - 05/2002)
2.	Brice, Alexis: 13 articles (11/2015 - 07/2002)
3.	Graus, Francesc: 11 articles (08/2015 - 10/2008)
4.	Mitoma, Hiroshi: 11 articles (01/2015 - 04/2003)
5.	Durr, Alexandra: 10 articles (11/2015 - 07/2003)
6.	Stevanin, Giovanni: 10 articles (11/2015 - 07/2002)
7.	Brice, A: 9 articles (02/2012 - 01/2000)
8.	Hirano, Michio: 8 articles (11/2014 - 01/2003)
9.	Wenning, Gregor K: 7 articles (01/2015 - 09/2003)
10.	Koenig, Michel: 7 articles (01/2015 - 09/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Cerebellar Ataxia:

1.	AntibodiesIBA 04/01/2012 - "Relatively few studies have searched for potentially pathogenic antibodies in non-paraneoplastic patients with cerebellar ataxia. " 01/01/2010 - "Extensive control studies were performed to rule out a broad panel of previously described paraneoplastic and non-paraneoplastic antibodies known to be associated with cerebellar ataxia. " 08/01/2014 - "(4) Anti-mGluR1 antibodies were found thus far in very few patients with Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Ataxia, and in these patients they are produced intrathecally and therefore present in much higher levels in the CSF than in the serum. " 04/01/2013 - "We report the second case of autoimmune cerebellar ataxia associated with Homer-3 antibodies. " 03/15/2013 - "GABAB receptor antibodies in paraneoplastic cerebellar ataxia."
2.	Immunoglobulins (Immunoglobulin)IBA 12/01/2008 - "Intravenous immunoglobulin may be effective in treating cerebellar ataxia and small fiber neuropathy associated with CD, suggesting an immune pathogenesis. " 11/01/2012 - "The other patient presented with a clinical picture of acute cerebellar ataxia and mutism at the age of 6 years and recovered fully following intravenous immunoglobulin treatment. " 12/01/2008 - "Effect of intravenous immunoglobulin on cerebellar ataxia and neuropathic pain associated with celiac disease." 01/01/1994 - "Ataxia telangiectasia is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia, recurrent sinopulmonary infections, oculocutaneous telangiectasia, selective immunoglobulin deficiency, and defective cellular immunity. " 01/01/2009 - "Here, we examined the therapeutic efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) on autoantibody-positive cerebellar ataxia. "
3.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 05/01/1996 - "The cerebellar ataxia improved markedly following corticosteroids administration. " 03/01/1986 - "Radiation therapy and systemic corticosteroids have been partially successful in controlling the cerebellar ataxia experienced by one of the patients. " 09/01/1997 - "In this study the clinical manifestation and the effect of corticosteroids on the course and the outcome of post malaria cerebellar ataxia on thirty adult Sudanese patients wr investigated. " 10/10/2006 - "Improvement with corticosteroids and azathioprine in GAD65-associated cerebellar ataxia." 08/01/2006 - "[A new case of cerebellar ataxia with anti-GAD antibodies treated with corticosteroids and initially seronegative]."
4.	acetylleucineIBA 09/01/2015 - "Acetyl-DL-leucine improved cerebellar ataxia (two observational studies); it also accelerated central compensation in an animal model of acute unilateral lesion, but RCTs were negative. " 10/01/2013 - "The objective of this case series was to evaluate the efficacy of treatment of cerebellar ataxia with the amino acid acetyl-DL-leucine (Tanganil). " 04/01/2015 - "Acetyl-dl-leucine improves cerebellar ataxia (three observational studies); it also accelerates central compensation in an animal model of acute unilateral lesion, but RCTs were negative. " 10/20/2015 - "To assess the effects of the modified amino acid acetyl-dl-leucine (AL) on cerebellar ataxia, eye movements, and quality of life of patients with Niemann-Pick type C (NP-C) disease. " 05/01/2015 - "Failure to confirm benefit of acetyl-DL-leucine in degenerative cerebellar ataxia: a case series."
5.	Thiamine (Aneurin)FDA Link 02/01/1993 - "The therapeutic efficacy of thiamine hydrochloride observed in this patient lends some support to the view that acute thiamine depletion may be the pathogenetic mechanism for post-pyrexial acute cerebellar ataxia." 02/01/1993 - "Thiamine-responsive acute cerebellar ataxia following febrile illness." 03/01/2015 - "The patient immediately regained consciousness after the administration of thiamine, but amnesia and cerebellar ataxia became apparent. " 03/01/1996 - "Nystagmus and cerebellar ataxia quickly resolved when administered thiamine, although severe global amnesia consistent with Korsakoff's syndrome persisted. " 03/01/1977 - "With the exception of dysmetria, the neurologic signs promptly respond to thiamine administration. "
6.	Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-1)IBA 01/01/2014 - "The objective of this clinical open-label trial was to test the safety, tolerability and efficacy of IGF-1 therapy for autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA) patients. " 01/01/2014 - "IGF-1 in autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia - open-label trial." 12/09/2009 - "This study demonstrates that small changes in the levels of a single transcriptional cofactor can deleteriously affect normal cerebellum function and opens new avenues of research for the manipulation of the IGF-1 pathway in the treatment of cerebellar ataxia in humans." 03/01/2005 - "The weaver (wv) mutant mouse is a commonly used model for studying hereditary cerebellar ataxia and provides us with an opportunity to study the function of IGF-I in postnatal growth during neurodegeneration. " 01/01/2012 - "Because insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) has therapeutic effects in various types of cerebellar ataxia and exerts protective actions on mitochondrial function, we explored the potential Fxn-stimulating activity of this growth factor on brain cells. "
7.	Buspirone (Buspar)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/1995 - "Buspirone may be effective in treating mild to moderate cerebellar ataxia. " 10/01/1995 - "A double-blind study of the efficacy of buspirone in cerebellar ataxia is warranted." 01/01/2005 - "To determine if an older individual with cerebellar ataxia would benefit from and tolerate buspirone. " 01/01/2005 - "Buspirone, a 5HT-agonist and D2-dopamine antagonist/agonist, has modest beneficial effects in younger individuals with cerebellar ataxia. " 01/01/2005 - "The role of buspirone for the treatment of cerebellar ataxia in an older individual."
8.	Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor AgonistsIBA 01/01/2005 - "Treatment of cerebellar ataxia with 5-HT1A agonist." 01/01/2004 - "In a double-blind randomized study, buspirone, a 5-HT1A agonist was active in cerebellar ataxia, but the effect is partial and not major. " 01/01/1997 - "To test further the serotonergic hypothesis of cerebellar ataxia, we administered buspirone, a 5-HT1A agonist usable in human medicine, in a randomized double blind drug placebo trial for 4 months. " 01/01/1997 - "Buspirone, a serotonergic 5-HT1A agonist, is active in cerebellar ataxia. " 01/01/2005 - "We recently reported preliminary evidence that tandospirone citrate (tandospirone), a 5-HT1A agonist, improved cerebellar ataxia in patients with Machado-Joseph disease (MJD). "
9.	Piracetam (Nootropil)IBA 04/01/2008 - "A previous case report suggesting benefit from administration of high dose piracetam inspired the present study of the efficacy of this agent in patients with cerebellar ataxia. " 04/01/2003 - "We describe a patient with cerebellar ataxia of degenerative nature who was administered high-dose piracetam in a single-blind trial. " 04/01/2008 - "Eight patients with autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia were given intravenous piracetam 60 g/day by a structured protocol for 14 days. " 04/01/2008 - "The present report investigated the role of high dose piracetam in patients with cerebellar ataxia. " 04/01/2003 - "We suggest piracetam has a potential anti-ataxic effect in human cerebellar ataxia when used in considerably higher doses than those indicated for other purposes."
10.	Glutamate Decarboxylase (Decarboxylase, Glutamate)IBA 12/01/2011 - "Cerebellar ataxia associated to anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody (anti-GAD): partial improvement with intravenous immunoglobulin therapy." 04/01/2013 - "The majority of cases of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-antibody-positive cerebellar ataxia are reported to have high levels of anti-GAD antibody, and the diagnostic value of low titers of anti-GAD antibody in a patient with cerebellar ataxia is still unknown. " 02/01/2007 - "Selective loss of Purkinje cells in a patient with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody-associated cerebellar ataxia." 09/01/2014 - "Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD-ab)-associated cerebellar ataxia is a rare neurological disorder characterized by cerebellar symptoms concomitant with high GAD-ab levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). " 02/01/2007 - "Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody is associated with the development of progressive cerebellar ataxia and slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 10/01/1995 - "After treatment his general conditions improved except for cerebellar ataxia. " 01/01/1989 - "After treatment with oral steroid therapy, vestibular and cerebellar ataxia, and visual impairment improved. " 01/01/1997 - "Three months after treatment completion, symptoms of cerebellar ataxia occurred and gradually confusion appeared. " 10/01/2008 - "Cerebellar ataxia in a patient with primary Sjögren's syndrome after treatment with chloroquine." 10/01/2002 - "We present an unusual case of cerebellar ataxia in a 2 year old girl several days after treatment with piperazine citrate for suspected worm infestation. "
2.	Spinal Injections 04/01/2015 - "However, some studies have shown that an intracerebellar or intrathecal injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was partially effective in some genetic mouse models of cerebellar ataxia such as SCA1 and Lurcher mutant. "
3.	Activities of Daily Living (ADL) 06/01/2012 - "Cerebellar Ataxia Rehabilitation trial tested if intensive rehabilitation improved ataxia, gait, and activities of daily living (ADLs) in 42 patients with degenerative cerebellar diseases. "
4.	Immunotherapy 04/01/2013 - "In cerebellar ataxia, regardless of family history or isolated illness, it is critical to measure the GAD antibody level, and, even with a low titer level, if the result is positive, immunotherapy should be considered." 08/01/2012 - "After 5 months, despite immunotherapies, cerebellar ataxia with nystagmus appeared with brain magnetic resonance imaging evidence of cerebral atrophy. " 08/01/2014 - "Immunotherapy can be very effective for some Cerebellar Ataxia patients that have anti-mGluR1 antibodies. " 01/01/2009 - "If cerebellar ataxia with an autoimmune mechanism is suspected and radiological findings do not reveal MSA, it is worth considering immunotherapy including IVIg." 04/15/2013 - "Here we report on a case of contactin-associated protein-2 (Caspr2) antibody positive but voltage gated potassium channel (VGKC) antibody negative limbic encephalitis associated with cerebellar ataxia, myoclonus and dyskinesias with favorable response to immunotherapy. "
5.	Plasmapheresis 01/01/2014 - "Finally, plasmapheresis is a reasonable and effective treatment for APAb-associated cerebellar ataxia." 02/01/2006 - "A case report of plasmapheresis in paraneoplastic cerebellar ataxia associated with anti-Tr antibody." 01/01/2014 - "Cerebellar ataxia and epilepsy with anti-GAD antibodies: treatment with IVIG and plasmapheresis."