Cataract (Cataracts)

Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed)

Also Known As:

Networked: 17262 relevant articles (930 outcomes, 2090 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Glaucoma
2.	Inflammation
3.	Cataract (Cataracts)
4.	Pain (Aches)
5.	Macular Edema

Experts

1.	Yao, Ke: 53 articles (04/2015 - 02/2002)
2.	Dick, H Burkhard: 48 articles (12/2015 - 01/2003)
3.	Vasavada, Abhay R: 43 articles (09/2015 - 07/2002)
4.	Mitchell, Paul: 39 articles (01/2015 - 05/2002)
5.	Trivedi, Rupal H: 38 articles (09/2015 - 07/2002)
6.	Ram, Jagat: 34 articles (11/2015 - 08/2002)
7.	Findl, Oliver: 34 articles (01/2015 - 05/2003)
8.	Schultz, Tim: 32 articles (12/2015 - 11/2012)
9.	Liu, Yizhi: 32 articles (10/2015 - 05/2002)
10.	Lam, Dennis S C: 32 articles (01/2015 - 06/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Cataract:

1.	Lidocaine (Xylocaine)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2007 - "Is intracameral lidocaine really effective in cataract surgery?" 10/01/2007 - "To assess whether preservative-free 1% lidocaine is capable of loosing the junction between the rabbit lens epithelial cells (LECs) and between the cells and capsules and is capable of destroying the LECs, in order to provide scientific basis for pursuing safe and effective drugs to eliminate LECs in cataract surgery and to prevent capsular pacification. " 05/01/1999 - "A single application of lidocaine 2% gel was a safe and effective alternative to multiple topical anesthetic drops for clear corneal cataract surgery. " 01/01/2009 - "Comparative efficacy of topical tetraVisc versus lidocaine gel in cataract surgery." 09/01/2003 - "Efficacy of 2% lidocaine injection as a topical agent in cataract surgery."
2.	Ophthalmic Solutions (Eye Drops)IBA 09/01/2015 - "The ability of SkQ1 eye drops to slow down the cataract development is demonstrated on the senescence-accelerated OXYS rats: the SkQ1 treatment leads to the considerable improvement of the lens condition as compared to the control group. " 09/01/2009 - "Eyedrops containing FGLM-amide and SSSR were effective for the prevention of SPK after cataract surgery in diabetic patients." 12/01/2001 - "To evaluate safety and antiinflammatory efficacy of placing two Surodex (Oculex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA) in the eye after cataract surgery in comparison with steroid eyedrops and to compare anterior versus posterior chamber placement. " 02/01/2015 - "The aim of the present study was the histomorphological examination of the influence of SkQ1 eye drops on the cataract development in OXYS rats. " 01/01/2015 - "This study aimed to evaluate the cost of Mydriasert compared with conventional mydriatic eye drops to induce pupil dilation prior to cataract surgery using a budget impact model. "
3.	Retinaldehyde (Retinal)IBA 01/01/2015 - "After retinal surgery, only the score of "General vision and lighting" in the CLVQOL questionnaires improved when compared to the scores two weeks after cataract surgery, although the best corrected visual acuity of all patients significantly raised up. " 01/01/1983 - "Cataracts prevented us from having better information on diabetic retinae prior to treatment and a redesigned study would have to include unilateral histological retinal examination before any treatment is started to determine if, indeed, improved platelet physiology slows or reverses changes in the diabetic retina." 06/01/2011 - "By using the advantages of rasterscanning mode, SD-OCT technology is superior to TD-OCT imaging in the investigation of the physiological retinal response to cataract surgery." 06/01/1993 - "The results of this study suggest that such a therapeutic attitude results in diminished cataract prevalence and decreased prevalence of vision-limiting retinal pathology, with resultant improved visual outcome of the cataract surgery which is eventually needed in a small proportion of the patients." 07/01/2009 - "The amount of VH was graded with slit lamp biomicroscopy by three masked retinal specialists from grade 0 to grade 3. Main outcome measures were rate of recurrence of the VH, improvement in visual acuity, incidence of cataract formation, and postoperative complications through a follow-up of 6 months. "
4.	Dexamethasone (Maxidex)FDA LinkGeneric 10/06/2004 - "The aim of this study was to determine whether dexamethasone (DEX), an anti-inflammatory agent widely used before and after cataract surgery, influences the behavior of lens cells under conditions relevant to PCO development. " 01/01/1999 - "Study 2 was a separate prospective, randomized, double-masked study of 60 cataract surgical patients that compared treatment with Surodex to topical dexamethasone (eye drop) therapy. " 10/01/2015 - "Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive either the sustained-release dexamethasone or a placebo vehicle punctum plug inserted into the inferior distal canaliculus of the operated eye intraoperatively during cataract surgery. " 12/01/2014 - "We hypothesize that placing a sustained dexamethasone release system near back of the eye through a fine needle can maximize efficacy while mitigate higher rate of IOP rise and cataract. " 12/01/2014 - "The recent FDA approved dexamethasone implant can provide a three month efficacy but with high rate of drug related cataract and high intraocular pressure (IOP). "
5.	Diclofenac (SR 38)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2000 - "Diclofenac sodium is as effective as topical corticosteroid and can be used as an alternative in routine postoperative treatment following uncomplicated cataract surgery." 03/01/1995 - "Two hundred consecutive patients were enrolled in a randomized, prospective clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of diclofenac sodium (Voltaren Ophthalmic) in reducing patient discomfort after cataract surgery. " 03/01/1995 - "Efficacy of diclofenac sodium solution in reducing discomfort after cataract surgery." 05/01/2014 - "Albumin-binding of diclofenac and the effect of a site II inhibitor in the aqueous humor of cataract patients with the instillation of diclofenac." 07/01/2010 - "In Group-A, 40 patients were treated with diclofenac sodium 0.1% eye drop -1 drop 4 times daily for 30 days after cataract surgery. "
6.	Sodium Selenite (Selenite)IBA 09/01/2010 - "Oxidative stress has long been recognized as an important mediator in the pathogenesis of cataract and the goal of this study was to determine the efficacy of isorhamnetin-3-glucoside (IR3G) in alleviating the toxicity induced by sodium selenite in in vitro culture condition. " 01/01/2010 - "There was also a significant (p < 0.05) increase in protein content (total protein = 59.36% and soluble protein = 105.78%) in animals treated with Embelica officinalis, indicating improvement in cataractogenic condition in the selenite induced cataract model. " 10/01/2010 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of the flavonoid fraction of Moringa oleifera leaves (FMO) on selenite cataract in vivo. " 09/01/1988 - "Remarkably, selenite cortical cataract spontaneously cleared after several months, restoring essentially normal cells to the epithelium and outer and mid-cortex. " 09/01/2014 - "Cataract-induced by sodium selenite in suckling rats is one of the suitable animal models to study the basic mechanism of human cataract formation. "
7.	KetorolacIBA 12/01/2011 - "Long-term postoperative use of topical ketorolac drops with the preservation of posterior capsule was found to be effective for the prevention of PCO in pediatric cataract surgery, at least during the period of this study." 06/01/2009 - "In this single-center, investigator-masked trial, patients undergoing cataract surgery were randomized to receive either ketorolac 0.4% q.i.d. " 01/01/2013 - "Prophylactic postoperative ketorolac 0.4% may have a role in reducing the frequency and severity of CME in diabetic eyes post-cataract surgery." 01/01/2013 - "Prophylactic postoperative ketorolac improves outcomes in diabetic patients assigned for cataract surgery." 03/01/2011 - "Two multicenter, double-masked studies randomized 511 cataract surgery patients (2:1) to receive twice-daily ketorolac 0.45% or vehicle in the operative eye for 16 days, beginning 1 day before surgery. "
8.	AntioxidantsIBA 01/01/2006 - "It is generally believed that prophylactic intake of antioxidants is beneficial in delaying the onset of some aging manifestations such as cataract. " 01/01/2010 - "Intake of various antioxidants may be helpful in reducing the risk of cataract formation." 06/01/2008 - "Long-term intake of antioxidants may offer protection against cataract. " 03/01/2014 - "Future studies examining all antioxidants in the diet in relation to age-related cataract are needed to confirm or refute our findings." 01/01/2014 - "This study was aimed at assessing the relationships between cataract maturity and AH lipid peroxidation markers and enzymatic antioxidants. "
9.	Mitomycin (Mitomycin-C)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2001 - "[The inhibitory effect of mitomycin C applied by intracapsular method on rabbit lens epithelial cells: an experimental study of after-cataract]." 12/01/1996 - "The purpose of this study was to attempt to inhibit this secondary cataract formation by using mitomycin (an antimitotic drug). " 07/01/2002 - "If necessary, the procedure was combined with cataract surgery or mitomycin C application. " 03/01/2002 - "Twelve eyes were treated intraoperatively with additional mitomycin C and 11 eyes had combined cataract procedures. " 01/01/2001 - "Apart from an increase in cataract formation following mitomycin C, no demonstrable significant increase in other side effects was detected."
10.	Trypan BlueFDA Link 09/01/2005 - "To assess the safety and efficacy of Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery (MSICS) in cases of white cataract with the use of trypan blue as an adjunct for performing continuous curvilinear capsulorthexis (CCC). " 06/01/2009 - "The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of trypan blue on intraocular pressure (IOP) after small-incision cataract surgery. " 09/01/2005 - "Prospective observational study on 100 consecutive eyes of 100 patients with white cataract who had undergone MSICS with trypan blue assisted CCC. " 03/01/2001 - "Twenty patients with mature cataract were enrolled in the study and opereted on after injection of trypan blue in the anterior chamber. " 12/01/2015 - "Loss of red reflex due to trypan blue in a cataract operation."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Phacoemulsification 01/01/2013 - "The results of study confirm an improvement in BCVA after cataract surgery by phacoemulsification in the most of patients. " 03/01/2012 - "Accordingly, phacoemulsification in posterior polar cataracts, when done carefully, leads to good postoperative results and good visual improvement in most cases." 09/01/2002 - "It is safe and effective for highly myopic patients with cataract to implant a low or negative power Acrysof IOL after phacoemulsification." 04/01/2008 - "Cataract surgery performed by phacoemulsification has been proven to be effective in improving quality of life, especially in physical aspects, according to the improvement in role limitation due to physical problems. " 06/01/2003 - "Phacoemulsification with burst and occlude mode was very effective in the treatment of hard nucleus cataract, and was safer. "
2.	Intraocular Lenses (Intraocular Lens) 03/01/2006 - "Use of Cionni ring helped in the successful intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in a 30-year-old patient with bilateral congenital subluxated cataracts. " 06/01/2008 - "To evaluate the efficacy of the aspheric optic of the AcrySof IQ SN60WF intraocular lens (IOL) in decreasing spherical and total higher order aberrations and improving contrast sensitivity after cataract surgery compared to the spheric AcrySof SN60AT. " 05/01/2007 - "To evaluate the efficacy of AcrySof SN60WF aspheric intraocular lens (IOL) in decreasing spherical aberration and total higher order aberrations (HOAs) after cataract surgery compared to the spherical SN60AT lens. " 04/01/2007 - "Automation introduced in surgery and intraocular lenses have helped to achieve better anatomic conditions and functional outcome of cataract surgery in children." 10/01/2005 - "Automation and intraocular lenses have helped to provide better anatomic and functional outcome for cataract surgery in children. "
3.	Vitrectomy 09/01/2009 - "Intraoperative use of TA can visualize posterior hyaloid, preretinal membrane, internal limiting membrane (ILM) during pars plana vitrectomy, and prolapsed vitreous during cataract surgery, which can make the procedure very safe and effective. " 01/01/2003 - "Statistically significant improvement in visual acuity was observed after cataract surgery, compared to the results after vitrectomy in the study group and in the control group. " 11/01/1994 - "However, vitrectomy on the same day as cataract surgery generally yielded favorable visual acuity outcomes and eliminated the need for a second operation at a later date. " 12/01/2004 - "For children undergoing pediatric cataract surgery between the ages of 10 months and 7 years, IOL implantation combined with primary pars plana posterior capsulectomy and anterior vitrectomy is effective in preventing re-opacification of the visual pathway." 03/01/2012 - "Twenty-three-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy was observed to be effective and safe in patients with retained lens fragments after complicated cataract surgery. "
4.	Cataract Extraction 08/01/2010 - "Among patients with simple cataract, predictors of significant improvement in VA after cataract extraction were preintervention VA and negative surgical complexity. " 12/01/2002 - "Subjects with various stages of dry AMD and cataract improved their self assessed visual function and satisfaction with vision significantly after cataract extraction." 05/01/2001 - "The outcome of simultaneous bilateral cataract extraction was comparable to that of single-eye cataract surgery, indicating that the procedure is safe under strict surgical protocol and beneficial in selected cases." 07/01/1989 - "Observation of our material showed that qualifying diabetic patients for cataract extraction and taking into consideration the over mentioned contraindications one can obtain good results similar as in other patients with cataract." 05/01/1989 - "Five cases had a mature cataract and had extracapsular cataract extraction; surgery restored isometropia, improved the visual acuity to 20/200 or better, and enlarged the field of vision. "
5.	Trabeculectomy (Trabeculoplasty) 05/01/2015 - "Compared to trabeculectomy, clear lens extraction resulted in a significant reduction in synechial angle closure, and an increase in anterior chamber angle width and anterior chamber depth in PACG eyes without cataract." 04/01/2015 - "Although canaloplasty may not be as effective in reducing IOP, trabeculectomy can be associated with severe vision-threatening complications however, the combination of canaloplasty with cataract surgery achieves a higher IOP reduction than canaloplasty alone. " 02/01/2015 - "Both AIT and phaco-AIT showed a reduction in IOP and medication use after 1 year, suggesting that AIT with or without cataract surgery is a safe and effective option following failed trabeculectomy." 07/01/2006 - "The previous gold standard of combined surgery consisted of cataract surgery and trabeculectomy. " 01/01/2015 - "None of the included trials enrolled participants with combined trabeculectomy/cataract surgery.We"