Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Epidermoid Carcinoma)

A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

Also Known As:

Epidermoid Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Carcinomas, Epidermoid; Carcinomas, Planocellular; Carcinomas, Squamous; Carcinomas, Squamous Cell; Epidermoid Carcinomas; Planocellular Carcinoma; Planocellular Carcinomas; Squamous Carcinoma; Squamous Carcinomas; Squamous Cell Carcinomas; Carcinoma, Epidermoid; Carcinoma, Planocellular

Networked: 30772 relevant articles (1034 outcomes, 4015 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Neoplasms: 1324753
- Neoplasms by Histologic Type: 2
  - Glandular and Epithelial Neoplasms: 439
    - Carcinoma: 141855
      - Squamous Cell Carcinoma: 30772
        Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck: 23986
        Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: 7253
        Bowen's Disease: 791
        Palmoplantar Hyperkeratosis with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Skin and Sex Reversal
    - Squamous Cell Neoplasms: 2195
      - Squamous Cell Carcinoma: 30772
        Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: 7253
        Bowen's Disease: 791
        Palmoplantar Hyperkeratosis with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Skin and Sex Reversal

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
2.	Adenocarcinoma
3.	Basal Cell Carcinoma (Rodent Ulcer)
4.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis)
5.	Neoplasm Metastasis (Metastasis)

Experts

1.	Mendenhall, William M: 53 articles (01/2022 - 02/2002)
2.	Zhang, Wei: 48 articles (10/2022 - 01/2003)
3.	Morris, Christopher G: 41 articles (09/2021 - 11/2003)
4.	Wang, Wei: 40 articles (08/2022 - 06/2002)
5.	Amdur, Robert J: 40 articles (09/2021 - 05/2002)
6.	Wang, Xiuli: 34 articles (09/2022 - 08/2002)
7.	Sturgis, Erich M: 32 articles (12/2019 - 09/2003)
8.	Liu, Yang: 30 articles (07/2022 - 06/2006)
9.	Nakano, Takashi: 30 articles (03/2022 - 09/2003)
10.	Baumann, Michael: 30 articles (01/2017 - 02/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Squamous Cell Carcinoma:

1.	Cisplatin (Platino)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/2004 - "cis-Diaminodichloroplatinum (II) (cisplatin) is one of the most effective anticancer drugs and is widely used for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). " 10/01/2010 - "p53 mutation, but not in vitro predictor genes of therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin, is clinically relevant in comparing partial and complete responder cases of maxillary squamous cell carcinoma." 12/15/1986 - "Cisplatin was used successfully to treat 2 dogs with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. " 05/01/1986 - "A pilot study was initiated to test the safety and efficacy of the simultaneous administration of high-dose cisplatin and irradiation in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. " 12/15/1988 - "These findings suggest that cisplatin may be a safe and potentially effective agent for treatment of transitional cell and squamous cell carcinomas in dogs."
2.	Fluorouracil (Carac)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2001 - "A prospective study was done to test the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (topical and systemic) in multiple and unresectable histologically proven facial squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) secondary to XP. " 08/01/2012 - "Phase III trials in the 1990s for squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) demonstrated 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and mitomycinC (MMC) chemoradiation (CRT) improved outcome compared to radiation (RT) alone, but local recurrence remained significant. " 11/01/2018 - "We report a case of a patient with multiple lesions of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma on the lower extremities treated successfully with intralesional 5- fluorouracil." 05/01/2005 - "Recurrent squamous cell carcinoma in the neopharynx treated successfully with topical 5-fluorouracil." 03/01/2000 - "Topical 1% 5-FU is effective in the treatment of recurrent, incompletely excised, and selected untreated conjunctival squamous cell carcinomas. "
3.	1-phenyl-3,3-dimethyltriazene (PDT)IBA 07/01/2000 - "We report a 63-year-old man with an in situ squamous cell carcinoma located on a chronic radiodermitis area in a finger, treated successfully with PDT. " 04/01/2005 - "ATX-S10(Na) PDT more effectively eliminated UVB-induced AK and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) than ALA PDT. " 09/01/2023 - "This study aims to investigate the pro-apoptotic effects and molecular mechanisms of HB-LED PDT in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma A431 cells (Subsequent abbreviation A431 cells). " 06/01/2020 - "This study aims to investigate whether exosomes secreted from ALA-PDT-treated squamous carcinoma cells (SCCs) demonstrate an anti-tumour effect by inducing dendritic cell (DCs) maturation. " 03/01/2019 - "However, there are rarely studies about utilizing HBO plus PDT for treatment with human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). "
4.	Immune Checkpoint InhibitorsIBA 12/01/2021 - "To the best of our knowledge, we present the first report to correlate PD-L1 and PD-L2 amplification with good outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibition in metastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma." 01/01/2022 - "Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have shown very promising results in the management of patients with inoperable or metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). " 11/11/2022 - "Response to First-Line Treatment with Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients with Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Multicenter, Retrospective Analysis from the German ADOReg Registry." 07/20/2022 - "Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improved survival of partial patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). " 01/01/2018 - "Case of advanced pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma cured by resection through preoperative induction of immune checkpoint inhibitor."
5.	Paclitaxel (Taxol)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2022 - "Lipusu is the first commercialized liposomal formulation of paclitaxel and has demonstrated promising efficacy against locally advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) in a small-scale study. " 05/01/2012 - "Our in vitro data show that the skin application of paclitaxel-loaded ethosomes® improved the permeation of paclitaxel in a stratum corneum-epidermis membrane model and increased its anti-proliferative activity in a squamous cell carcinoma model as compared to the free drug. " 11/01/2013 - "The aim of this study was to establish a new paclitaxel (PTX)-resistant human esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC) cell line and investigate its biological characteristics. " 02/20/2002 - "The radiation sensitivity, sublethal damage repair (SLDR) capacity and effect of paclitaxel during fractionated radiation were assessed in our study on 7 vulvar inherently radioresistant squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines. " 02/20/2002 - "Paclitaxel combined with fractionated radiation in vitro: a study with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma cell lines."
6.	ErbB Receptors (EGF Receptor)IBA 06/01/2019 - "Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation Frequency in Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Diagnostic Performance in Cytological Samples: A Molecular and Immunohistochemical Study." 05/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to assess the impact of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression on prognosis of lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and to relate it with clinicopathological features. " 12/01/2013 - "The epidermal growth factor receptor is frequently overexpressed in penile squamous cell carcinomas: a tissue microarray and digital image analysis study of 112 cases." 10/01/2010 - "The aim of this study was to investigate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (FC-SCC) and assess its prognostic role. " 02/01/2010 - "[Study on the effects of overexpression of exogenous Notch1 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells on cell growth and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor in vitro]."
7.	Cetuximab (Erbitux)FDA Link 10/01/2014 - "Efficacy of cetuximab in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma." 12/01/2011 - "Efficacy of cetuximab for unresectable or advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma--a report of eight cases." 11/01/2021 - "Adjuvant radiation and cetuximab improves local control in head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: Phase II study." 01/28/2020 - "Cetuximab is efficient and safe in patients with advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective, multicentre study." 09/01/2012 - "A prospective multicenter Phase II trial of SRT and concomitant cetuximab in recurrent HNC squamous cell carcinoma is ongoing."
8.	Docetaxel (Taxotere)FDA Link 01/01/2021 - "MCL1 inhibition enhances the efficacy of docetaxel against airway-derived squamous cell carcinoma cells." 05/01/2021 - "Study of the radiosensitization of docetaxel in human esophageal squamous carcinoma ECA109 cell line." 08/01/2007 - "A phase II study was conducted to evaluate the antitumor activity and adverse effects of docetaxel in patients with previously treated squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. " 08/01/2007 - "Phase II clinical trial of docetaxel in refractory squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix: a Gynecologic Oncology Group Study." 07/01/2023 - "Biopsy performed during docetaxel treatment revealed metaplastic/squamous cell carcinoma(ER-, PR-, HER2 0, Ki-67 90-100%)histopathological findings. "
9.	Carboplatin (JM8)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2011 - "Occasional complete responses have been reported in patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus treated with carboplatin, and the inferior outcomes seen in early studies might have been the result of underdosing using BSA calculations. " 12/01/1990 - "A phase II trial of carboplatin for recurrent or metastatic squamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix: a Southwest Oncology Group study." 01/01/1986 - "The Gynecologic Oncology Group conducted a Phase II trial of carboplatin in patients with measurable advanced squamous cell carcinoma of cervix. " 01/01/1986 - "A phase II study of carboplatin in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix (a Gynecologic Oncology Group Study)." 12/17/2022 - "Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Liver with Good Response to Carboplatin and 5-Flurouracil: A Case Report."
10.	PlatinumIBA 07/01/2018 - "Effective treatment of a platinum-resistant cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma case by EGFR pathway inhibition." 11/10/2019 - "Patients with platinum-resistant or early-failure squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity were eligible for this study. " 10/01/2022 - "We included 88 patients with squamous cell carcinoma: 60 with platinum-refractory disease and 28 with platinum-sensitive disease. " 08/01/1993 - "The platinum drug chemosensitivity of five human cervical squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (HX/151, HX/155, HX/156, HX/160 and HX/171) derived from previously untreated patients has been determined. " 02/01/1983 - "Regional vs systemic effect of cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (II) on squamous cell carcinoma in rats."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 08/27/1988 - "Although surgical resection is the best treatment for squamous cell carcinoma, new trends in pre-operative chemotherapy should provide better results. " 02/01/2021 - "A case report of complete pathological remission after chemotherapy in a patient with primary renal squamous cell carcinoma." 09/01/1989 - "Although newer combined modality approaches, including neoadjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy, for patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) of the head and neck have produced high initial complete response rates, they have not improved overall survival for patients with advanced disease. " 06/01/2019 - "Neoadjuvant S-1 chemotherapy, as compared with up-front surgery, significantly improved disease-free survival among patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma. " 08/01/2011 - "Patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal margin have a high probability of cure with sphincter preservation after RT with or without concurrent chemotherapy."
2.	Radiotherapy 01/01/1990 - "The results of radical radiotherapy for operable squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus were similar to the best results achieved by surgical resection in other series in which there is comparable staging. " 01/01/2023 - "We launched this prospective phase II single-arm trial on the combination of moderately hypo-fractionated radiotherapy and S-1, to explore the safety and efficacy of the new potent regimen in inoperable locally advanced esophageal squamous carcinoma (LA-ESCC) patients. " 01/01/2023 - "Leserbrief zum Artikel "Complete excision of squamous cell carcinoma is superior to salvage radiotherapy for microscopic residual disease", JDDG 2022; Band 20, 1020-22." 01/01/2023 - "Comments on the article "Complete excision of squamous cell carcinoma is superior to salvage radiotherapy for microscopic residual disease" in the Journal of the German Society of Dermatology 2022; volume 20, 1020-22." 01/01/2022 - "Complete excision of squamous cell carcinoma is superior to salvage radiotherapy for microscopic residual disease."
3.	Therapeutics 11/01/1977 - "We believe this preoperative combined therapy is highly effective in treating squamous-cell carcinoma of the anal canal, and that a subsequent larger cooperative study with controls is indicated. " 02/19/1992 - "These results indicate that combined systemic therapy with 13-cRA and IFN alpha-2a is highly effective in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the skin." 01/01/1996 - "The NTCWG trial comparing fast-neutron therapy versus conventional photon irradiation in the treatment of advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck showed a statistically significant improvement in initial complete response (70 vs 52%) favoring neutrons. " 06/01/2007 - "Combined SACI therapy is very effective for the treatment of maxillary squamous cell carcinomas and contributes to the improving prognoses of patients and organ preservation rates." 01/01/1997 - "Among the 16 cases with complete remission (CR) by the current therapy, 10 cases were histopathologically diagnosed as well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and six cases as moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. "
4.	Chemoradiotherapy 01/01/2017 - "Although conventional chemoradiotherapy is effective for most anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) patients, HPV-negative ASCC patients respond poorly to this treatment and new therapeutic approach is required. " 05/01/2023 - "Optimal treatment sequence of such an uncommon disease is yet to be standardized, surgery was the gold standard management for rectal squamous cell carcinoma, but exclusive chemoradiotherapy is slowly but surely supplanting it. " 09/01/2015 - "Chemoradiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (SCCO) provides good results for locoregional disease control, with high rates of complete clinical and pathologic responses, mainly in the neck. " 08/01/2016 - "We present here a case of a 30-year-old male patient with a primary squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue (T1, N0, M1), successfully cured with surgery and chemoradiotherapy and later on development of metachronous ipsilateral lesion on the left lower alveolus. " 05/01/2013 - "We herein report the diagnosis and management of a male patient with an aggressive, locally advanced rectal squamous cell carcinoma treated with good results with primary chemoradiotherapy. "
5.	Photochemotherapy (Photodynamic Therapy) 05/01/2008 - "Local photodynamic therapy for equine squamous cell carcinoma: evaluation of a novel treatment method in a murine model." 01/01/2016 - "Iontophoresis Improved Growth Reduction of Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Topical Photodynamic Therapy." 10/01/2010 - "Clearance of a thick invasive squamous cell carcinoma after multiple treatments with topical photodynamic therapy." 02/13/2023 - "The photodynamic therapy studies against the squamous carcinoma A431 cell line indicated a potent photosensitizing activity of MgPc (33% cell viability after irradiation for 3 min with 18 mW/cm2), while the ICs also presented significant activity. " 06/01/2020 - "In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy in treating squamous cell carcinoma. "