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Buprenorphine (Subutex)

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A derivative of the opioid alkaloid THEBAINE that is a more potent and longer lasting analgesic than MORPHINE. It appears to act as a partial agonist at mu and kappa opioid receptors and as an antagonist at delta receptors. The lack of delta-agonist activity has been suggested to account for the observation that buprenorphine tolerance may not develop with chronic use.

Also Known As:

Subutex; Buprenex; 6029-M; Buprenorphine Hydrochloride; Buprex; Essex Brand of Buprenorphine Hydrochloride; Grünenthal Brand of Buprenorphine; Grünenthal Brand of Buprenorphine Hydrochloride; Key Brand of Buprenorphine Hydrochloride; Prefin; RX-6029-M; Reckitt & Colman Brand 1 of Buprenorphine Hydrochloride; Reckitt & Colman Brand 2 of Buprenorphine Hydrochloride; Reckitt Benckiser Brand of Buprenorphine Hydrochloride; Reckitt Brand of Buprenorphine Hydrochloride; Schering-Plough Brand of Buprenorphine Hydrochloride; Temgesic; Temgésic; 6029 M; 6029M; Buprenorphine Grünenthal Brand; Hydrochloride, Buprenorphine; RX 6029 M; RX6029M; Schering Plough Brand of Buprenorphine Hydrochloride; 6,14-Ethenomorphinan-7-methanol, 17-(cyclopropylmethyl)-alpha-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4,5-epoxy-18,19-dihydro-3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-alpha-methyl-, (5alpha,7alpha(S))-

Networked: 1602 relevant articles (183 outcomes, 291 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Ling, Walter: 20 articles (12/2015 - 04/2003)
2.	Fiellin, David A: 19 articles (04/2015 - 01/2002)
3.	Moody, David E: 15 articles (07/2015 - 12/2005)
4.	Sittl, Reinhard: 15 articles (11/2008 - 01/2003)
5.	Jones, Hendrée E: 12 articles (01/2014 - 01/2006)
6.	Likar, Rudolf: 12 articles (09/2010 - 01/2003)
7.	Baud, Frédéric J: 11 articles (03/2013 - 01/2002)
8.	Dahan, Albert: 10 articles (11/2015 - 01/2006)
9.	McCance-Katz, Elinore F: 10 articles (04/2015 - 12/2006)
10.	Risède, Patricia: 10 articles (07/2014 - 01/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Pain (Aches) 01/01/2006 - "Patients identified pain (63%), sleep problems (57%), and anxiety (56%) as the symptoms they perceived to be most helped with buprenorphine. " 05/01/2014 - "Pain assessment is important when evaluating the efficacy of buprenorphine and determining whether additional analgesic treatment is needed." 03/01/2009 - "Transdermal buprenorphine use resulted in significant pain relief with excellent patient satisfaction, which may translate into improvement in mood and quality of life." 07/01/2002 - "Changes in the verbal rating scale demonstrated that epidural buprenorphine was associated with marked improvement in pain at rest and pain during coughing and deep breathing. " 03/01/2009 - "In clinical trials, patients receiving transdermal buprenorphine experienced significantly greater pain relief, better sleep, and a reduced need for rescue therapy, compared to placebo. "
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/28/1986 - "[Controlled study of the analgesic effect and tolerability of buprenorphine in cancer patients]." 07/01/2013 - "It is feasible to switch cancer patients from high doses of pure μ-opioid agonists to TD buprenorphine without eliciting any antagonist effects, but the dose conversion factor is individual and the switching process should be tailored for the individual patient." 07/01/2013 - "Switching from high doses of pure μ-opioid agonists to transdermal buprenorphine in patients with cancer: a feasibility study." 11/01/2008 - "[Effects of transdermal buprenorphine in cancer patients. " 02/01/2003 - "The percentage of responders increased as the rate of buprenorphine delivered by the transdermal system rose, ranging from a 29% (cancer) and 36% (non-cancer) response rate associated with the lowest dose (35 microg/h), to 40% (cancer) and 46% (non-cancer) with the highest dose (70 microg/h). "
3.	Postoperative Pain 02/01/2009 - "These results support the use of 0.05 mg/kg SC buprenorphine as the upper dose limit for effective treatment of postoperative pain in rats and suggest that higher doses produce long-term effects on opioid sensitivity." 08/01/2001 - "Postoperative pain relief for group 3 consisted of supplementation of intravenous buprenorphine plus intrathecal saline. " 03/01/2010 - "The present study strengthens the hypothesis that pre-emptive oral buprenorphine in Nutella is suitable for treatment of postoperative pain in rats." 08/01/1994 - "From these results, we conclude that preoperative or intraoperative administration of buprenorphine is useful for control of postoperative pain; the method of administration of buprenorphine suppository needs further study." 01/01/1992 - "This study shows that buprenorphine is an effective analgesic suitable for the management of postoperative pain in elderly patients."
4.	Heroin Dependence (Heroin Abuse) 01/01/2014 - "Buprenorphine is an effective medication in the maintenance treatment of heroin dependence, retaining people in treatment at any dose above 2 mg, and suppressing illicit opioid use (at doses 16 mg or greater) based on placebo-controlled trials.However" 01/01/2002 - "Buprenorphine is an effective treatment for heroin dependence. " 08/01/1998 - "Buprenorphine maintenance is an effective treatment for heroin dependence in a primary care setting." 09/01/2014 - "Buprenorphine is a promising treatment for heroin addiction. " 12/01/1985 - "Buprenorphine as new treatment for heroin dependence."
5.	Substance Withdrawal Syndrome (Withdrawal Symptoms) 06/01/2004 - "The results indicate that 24 mg of sublingually administered buprenorphine beginning when the patient judges himself to be in a withdrawal state followed by another three days of daily administered and rapidly decreased doses resulted in a significant reduction of withdrawal symptoms. " 07/01/2000 - "Overall, the relief from opioid withdrawal symptoms and craving was better in the WeiniCom group than in the buprenorphine group. " 09/01/2001 - "The relative efficacy of quintuple and sextuple buprenorphine dosing in abating withdrawal symptoms for 120 h was compared in opioid-dependent outpatients. " 07/01/2000 - "The purposes of this double blind study were to evaluate (1) the efficacy of WeiniCom in reducing acute opioid withdrawal symptoms and craving, and (2) the side effects of WeiniCom, in each instance by comparing WeiniCom with buprenorphine, an established opioid detoxification treatment agent. " 08/01/2015 - "This study aims to explore Web-forum discussions about the use of buprenorphine to self-treat opioid withdrawal symptoms. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Methadone (Dolophine)
2.	Morphine (MS Contin)
3.	Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
4.	Naloxone (Narcan)
5.	Opioid Analgesics (Opioids)
6.	Bupivacaine (Bupivacaine Hydrochloride)
7.	Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)
8.	Tramadol
9.	Meperidine (Pethidine)
10.	Cocaine (Cocaine HCl)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Analgesia
2.	Transdermal Patch
3.	Thoracotomy
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
5.	Injections