Bulimia (Binge Eating)

Eating an excess amount of food in a short period of time, as seen in the disorder of BULIMIA NERVOSA. It is caused by an abnormal craving for food, or insatiable hunger also known as "ox hunger".

Also Known As:

Networked: 915 relevant articles (89 outcomes, 158 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Vomiting
2.	Bulimia (Binge Eating)
3.	Weight Loss (Weight Reduction)
4.	Body Weight (Weight, Body)
5.	Binge-Eating Disorder (Binge Eating Disorder)

Experts

1.	McElroy, Susan L: 24 articles (12/2015 - 09/2002)
2.	Keck, Paul E: 17 articles (12/2015 - 11/2002)
3.	Hudson, James I: 13 articles (03/2012 - 11/2002)
4.	Guerdjikova, Anna I: 12 articles (12/2015 - 02/2005)
5.	Grilo, Carlos M: 12 articles (01/2015 - 05/2005)
6.	Steiger, Howard: 10 articles (01/2014 - 01/2004)
7.	Keel, Pamela K: 9 articles (11/2015 - 01/2007)
8.	Mori, Nicole: 8 articles (12/2015 - 01/2011)
9.	Geliebter, Allan: 8 articles (10/2015 - 07/2004)
10.	Bulik, Cynthia M: 8 articles (01/2015 - 04/2006)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Bulimia:

1.	Fluoxetine (Prozac)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1991 - "The most effective medication for bulimia reported to date is fluoxetine hydrochloride (Prozac). " 11/01/2002 - "Compared with placebo-treated subjects, subjects receiving fluoxetine (mean +/- SD endpoint dose = 71.3 +/- 11.4 mg/day) had a significantly greater reduction in frequency of binge eating (p =.033), body mass index (p <.0001), weight (p =.001), and severity of illness (p =.032) and a marginally significant reduction in HAM-D scores (p =.061). " 01/01/2006 - "This 12-week open label study was performed to assess the efficacy of buspirone-5-HT1A receptor agonist in the treatment of bulimia, and to compare it with the efficacy of fluoxetine --the standard treatment of BN. " 01/01/1999 - "Two parallel, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled fluoxetine clinical trials were retrospectively analyzed to determine the effect of comorbid depression on bulimia treatment response. " 05/01/2007 - "Fluoxetine (60 mg/day) decreases the core symptoms of binge eating and purging and associated psychological features in the short term. "
2.	Antidepressive Agents (Antidepressants)IBA 04/01/2008 - "Data from the meta-analysis revealed that binge-eating remission rates were higher in patients receiving antidepressants when compared with placebo. " 07/01/1986 - "More than 30 reports, including 9 placebo-controlled, double-blind studies, have assessed the efficacy of various medications, mostly antidepressants, for the treatment of bulimia. " 05/01/2001 - "Antidepressants are also effective in reducing binge eating, though less so than psychotherapy. " 01/01/1984 - "In a retrospective study, 22 patients with bulimia were treated with at least one therapeutic trial of antidepressants. " 05/01/2005 - "However, medication management of bulimia with antidepressants has demonstrated only partial resolution of bulimic symptoms. "
3.	topiramate (Topamax)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2004 - "Topiramate is an anticonvulsive drug with proven good results in controlling binge eating episodes. " 12/01/2003 - "The EAT showed significant improvement in the topiramate group compared with the placebo group for the bulimia/food preoccupation (p =.019) and dieting (p =.031) subscales and the total score (p =.022). " 02/01/2003 - "Compared with placebo, topiramate was associated with a significantly greater rate of reduction in binge frequency, binge day frequency, body mass index, weight, and scores on the Clinical Global Impression severity scale and the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (modified for binge eating). " 05/01/2007 - "Topiramate induced binge eating remission in 58% of patients (placebo, 29%; p < .001). " 12/01/2015 - "Topiramate also decreases binge eating behavior, but its use is limited by its adverse event profile. "
4.	BaclofenFDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2015 - "Efficacy of High-Dose Baclofen for Alcohol Use Disorder and Comorbid Bulimia: A Case Report." 09/01/2012 - "These results indicate that baclofen may be a useful treatment for binge eating in some patients." 12/01/2007 - "In this open-label trial, baclofen was associated with decreased binge eating frequency in patients with BED and BN." 12/01/2007 - "Baclofen for binge eating: an open-label trial." 09/01/2012 - "This placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study further assessed the effects of baclofen on binge eating. "
5.	Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors (Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)IBA 04/01/2014 - "Some patients with symptoms of binge eating and purging are successfully treated with specific serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), but others experience only partial or no benefit. " 01/01/2005 - "In previous studies, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in reducing the frequency of binge eating and addressing comorbid psychiatric disorders, but they have not shown the ability to promote weight loss. " 04/01/2008 - "Regarding binge eating disorder (BED), adult literature shows positive short-term effects on binge eating for both pharmacological (especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and behavioural interventions, but unclear effects on weight. " 10/01/2012 - "Antidepressants, especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are modestly effective for reducing binge eating over the short term in BN and BED. " 09/01/2009 - "Women with bulimia who were using serotonin reuptake inhibitors, but not the other groups, also reported an increased urge to binge eat in the tryptophan-depleted condition. "
6.	sibutramine (Meridia)FDA Link 11/01/2003 - "Sibutramine was also associated with a significantly greater rate of reduction in Binge Eating Scale (t202 = 3.64; P<.001) and Beck Depression Inventory (t201 = 3.72; P<.001) scores. " 05/01/2003 - "There was a significant difference in the number of kilocalories consumed between the sibutramine and placebo conditions, with a significant reduction of intake during binge-eating episodes on sibutramine. " 01/01/2008 - "This trial demonstrated the efficacy of sibutramine in reducing binge eating, weight, and associated psychopathology." 05/01/2003 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of sibutramine vs. placebo on binge-eating behavior, hunger, and satiety in patients who had problems with binge eating. " 05/01/2003 - "Sibutramine suppresses intake during binge-eating episodes. "
7.	BESIBA 09/01/2007 - "The main outcome measure was weight change, and secondary outcome measures were binge frequencies, binge remission, Binge Eating Scale (BES) scores, and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores. " 12/01/2015 - "The purpose of this study was to investigate (1) whether participating in a lifestyle intervention is a feasible way to decrease binge eating symptoms (BES) and (2) whether changes in BES differed by intervention (physical activity vs. dietary habits) and binge eating status at baseline (binger eater vs. non-binge eater) in African American and Hispanic women. " 08/01/2015 - "The current study aimed at examining the factor structure, psychometric properties and the screening usefulness of the Binge Eating Scale (BES) in a large sample of female college students and women from the Portuguese general population. " 01/01/2013 - "The aim of this study was to assess the validity of the Malay language version of BES as a screening instrument for binge eating. " 12/01/2012 - "Twenty-six individuals with high body mass index (BMI)>25 and moderate binge-eating behavior as assessed by the Binge Eating Scale (BES) were recruited for this study. "
8.	Serotonin (5 Hydroxytryptamine)IBA 10/01/2003 - "Furthermore, there seems to be a link between improved 5-HT transporter binding and reduced binge eating." 12/01/2009 - "The current study investigated these issues by examining whether quantitative traits (i.e., impulsivity) and environmental exposure factors (i.e., dietary restraint) moderate 5-HT gene/binge eating associations in a sample of young women (N = 344). " 01/01/2007 - "Previous studies support the existence of a bulimia-related endophenotype as well as disturbances in serotonin (5-HT) transmission. " 06/01/2004 - "In conclusion, this study extends research suggesting that altered 5-HT neuronal system activity persists after recovery from bulimia-type AN, particularly in subgenual cingulate regions. " 07/01/2011 - "Depression and bulimia both are associated with low serotonin levels. "
9.	duloxetine (Cymbalta)FDA Link 08/01/2009 - "We evaluated the efficacy of duloxetine, an SNRI, in 45 obese patients who reported binge eating. " 08/01/2009 - "Although preliminary, results from this open trial suggest that duloxetine may be a successful option to reduce binge eating and depressive symptoms in both obese BED and s-BED outpatients." 11/13/2009 - "Duloxetine related binge eating behaviors: a case report." 08/01/2009 - "Forty-five patients with BED or binge eating with sub-threshold symptoms (s-BED) with high eating impulsivity, received duloxetine 60-120 mg/day for 12 weeks. " 03/01/2012 - "Duloxetine may be effective for reducing binge eating, weight, and global severity of illness in BED with a comorbid current depressive disorder, but this finding needs confirmation in larger, placebo-controlled trials."
10.	Naltrexone (ReVia)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1995 - "In accord with our auto-addiction opioid model, naltrexone was previously reported to be effective in the treatment of bulimia in a controlled double-blind clinical trial with a randomized cross-over design. " 05/01/1988 - "Four individuals in the low-dose group who were crossed over to high-dose naltrexone at the end of the study went on to experience significant reductions in binge eating and purging. " 05/01/1988 - "Sixteen individuals with bulimia consented to a 6-week trial of naltrexone, receiving either standard dosages of 50-100 mg each day or high dosages of 200-300 mg each day. " 05/01/1988 - "The use of opiate antagonists in treating bulimia: a study of low-dose versus high-dose naltrexone." 07/01/2014 - "Naltrexone, when administered systemically and into the NAcc, reduced FR1 responding for food and motivation to eat under a progressive ratio in both Chow and Palatable rats; conversely, when administered into the mPFC, the effects were highly selective for binge eating rats. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 07/01/2002 - "We examined the results of controlled clinical trials of pharmacotherapies for bulimia published from 1980 to 1999. " 02/01/1989 - "The authors review clinical data, family studies, pharmacotherapy, and the neurobiology of bulimia and discuss the nature of the relationship between depression and bulimia." 10/01/2012 - "It is not yet known whether the binge eating of BN and BED respond similarly to pharmacotherapy." 09/01/2008 - "In summary, BED patients can be advised that certain pharmacotherapies may enhance likelihood of stopping binge eating short term, but that longer-term effects are unknown. " 07/01/2002 - "We found that pharmacotherapy for bulimia yields a moderate initial effect. "
2.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 04/01/2008 - "Participants with lower baseline depression scores were more likely to have partial remission (no longer meeting study entry criteria) after treatment (OR 0.93; p <.01), whereas those with fewer binge-eating/purging episodes at baseline were more likely to have partial remission at follow-up (OR 0.98; p <.05). " 01/01/2012 - "Full remission from depression and binge-eating/purging episodes was sustained more than 2 months after treatment completion. " 03/01/2007 - "Binge eating, general psychopathology, and body mass index (BMI) were assessed before, during, and after treatment, and at 12-month follow-up. " 01/01/2006 - "Furthermore, depressive symptomatology may increase the patient's vulnerability to binge eating as well as to relapse after treatment. " 05/01/2005 - "All 6 patients described reported complete abstinence from binge eating and purging after treatment with psychostimulants, and none of the patients discontinued taking the medication because of side effects. "
3.	Bariatric Surgery 12/01/2011 - "Studies that have investigated the relationship between binge eating and the long-term outcome of bariatric surgery have shown mixed results. " 04/01/2010 - "Further, no studies to date have examined the prevalence of binge eating in Hispanic women presenting for bariatric surgery. " 03/01/2009 - "However, no previous studies have examined whether a preoperative binge eating intervention could successfully reduce binge eating behaviors among severely obese bariatric surgery candidates. " 03/01/2009 - "The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief, 4-session cognitive behavioral, group psychotherapy for binge eating among bariatric surgery candidates at an academic medical center. " 04/01/2006 - "This study compared two self-report methods for assessing binge eating in severely obese bariatric surgery candidates. "
4.	Caloric Restriction 10/01/2011 - "The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between caloric restriction (CR) and binge eating (BE) using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). " 12/01/2011 - "No evidence supports the concern that BWL's emphasis on moderate caloric restriction either triggers or exacerbates binge eating in individuals with BED. " 12/01/2010 - "Caloric restriction experience reprograms stress and orexigenic pathways and promotes binge eating." 07/24/2007 - "Using rats, we found that footshock stress and a history of caloric restriction (S+R), combine synergistically to induce binge eating. " 10/01/2005 - "The authors developed an animal model of binge eating where history of caloric restriction with footshock stress (R + S) causes rats to consume twice the normal amount of palatable food. "
5.	Phototherapy (Light Therapy) 02/28/1996 - "No effect of light therapy was found on the frequency, size, or content of binge-eating episodes. " 12/01/1989 - "Light therapy for seasonal bulimia." 03/01/1996 - "Actually possible new indications for phototherapy are being explored: bright light for non seasonal depression has been tested with features with SAD; effectiveness in bulimia has been suggested and recently sleep disorders in psychogeriatric patients have been improved. " 05/01/1994 - "To assess the effectiveness of light therapy for treatment of bulimia nervosa, the authors conducted a study of light therapy during winter comparing an active (bright white light) condition to a control (dim red light) condition in bulimic patients who were not selected for a seasonal pattern of bulimia. " 01/01/2001 - "Reboxetine in a patient with seasonal bulimia resistant to SSRIs and light therapy."