Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

A chronic lung disease developed after OXYGEN INHALATION THERAPY or mechanical ventilation (VENTILATION, MECHANICAL) usually occurring in certain premature infants (INFANT, PREMATURE) or newborn infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME, NEWBORN). Histologically, it is characterized by the unusual abnormalities of the bronchioles, such as METAPLASIA, decrease in alveolar number, and formation of CYSTS.

Also Known As:

Networked: 3859 relevant articles (167 outcomes, 448 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Hyperoxia
2.	Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome)
3.	Birth Weight (Birth Weights)
4.	Hemorrhage
5.	Pneumothorax

Experts

1.	Bhandari, Vineet: 39 articles (08/2021 - 05/2003)
2.	Greenough, Anne: 35 articles (12/2022 - 04/2006)
3.	Davis, Peter G: 31 articles (01/2022 - 05/2002)
4.	Doyle, Lex W: 30 articles (11/2021 - 05/2002)
5.	Abman, Steven H: 28 articles (03/2022 - 08/2004)
6.	Truog, William E: 28 articles (01/2022 - 07/2006)
7.	Ambalavanan, Namasivayam: 27 articles (03/2022 - 02/2003)
8.	Thébaud, Bernard: 26 articles (01/2022 - 01/2007)
9.	Jobe, Alan H: 24 articles (06/2021 - 03/2002)
10.	Ballard, Philip L: 22 articles (10/2020 - 05/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia:

1.	Surface-Active Agents (Surfactants)IBA 01/01/1991 - "The efficacy of a bovine surfactant preparation (SF-RI 1) to increase survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) was studied in very premature infants in a multicenter, randomized sequential trial. " 04/01/1991 - "Although there was no significant reduction in the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (39 vs 31; p = 0.107), the hypothesis that survival through 28 days without bronchopulmonary dysplasia would be enhanced by two rescue doses of synthetic surfactant was proved true (21% improvement, from 132 to 156 patients; p = 0.001). " 04/01/1991 - "Among infants with RDS, the total mortality rate was significantly improved (p = 0.004) with surfactant treatment but not the proportion alive and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 28 days (p = 0.052), or the proportion alive and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 38 weeks of postconceptional age (p = 0.18) to adjust for differences in prematurity. " 05/01/2018 - "It is the so-called less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) method, which has shown promising results in preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia development and in reducing mortality in preterm neonates. " 10/26/2023 - "Surfactant treatment guided by rapid tests for surfactant deficiency may result in little to no difference in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.61 to 1.32, RD -0.02, 95% CI -0.08 to 0.04, 562 participants, 3 studies; I² for RR and RD = 0%; low-certainty evidence. "
2.	Oxygen (Dioxygen)IBA 12/01/2009 - "In children, the maneuver lead to significant inspired oxygen fraction and alveolar collapse reductions, less oxygen dependency, improved pulmonary complacency, and reduced bronchopulmonary dysplasia. " 01/01/2022 - "This study aims to compare the clinical characteristics and 1-year outcomes of preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) who were discharged on supplemental oxygen or room air. " 01/01/2022 - "Supplemental oxygen strategies in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia after the neonatal intensive care unit period: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (SOS BPD study)." 12/01/2020 - "This study aimed to determine if predischarge pCO2 or 36-week pCO2 was associated with increased respiratory readmissions or other pulmonary healthcare utilization in the year after neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge for infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) discharged with home oxygen, using a standardized outpatient oxygen weaning protocol. " 10/15/2020 - "There was no evidence of a difference in bronchopulmonary dysplasia, defined as oxygen dependency at 28 days (RR 1.04, 95% CI 0.35 to 3.13; I2 = 0%; 2 studies, 209 infants; very low-certainty evidence). "
3.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 01/01/2021 - "There are few published data on the efficacy of systemic corticosteroids in preterm infants with very severe forms of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), requiring respiratory support after 3 months of age. " 01/01/2019 - "Postnatal corticosteroids are effective in preventing or treating bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm newborns, but their benefits need to exceed their risks. " 01/20/2010 - "To determine if inhaled corticosteroids are effective in alleviating the morbidity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) compared to placebo. " 01/01/2000 - "To determine if inhaled corticosteroids are effective in alleviating the morbidity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) compared to 0-placebo. " 01/01/2023 - "This study aimed to investigate the association between placental pathology and short-term response to postnatal corticosteroids in neonates < 32 weeks postconceptional age at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia. "
4.	Dexamethasone (Maxidex)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2010 - "To determine if postnatal dexamethasone treatment during the first week of life is beneficial in preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. " 01/01/2008 - "High-dose systemic dexamethasone is effective in facilitating extubation of ventilated infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. " 01/01/2019 - "Randomized Trial of 42-Day Compared with 9-Day Courses of Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Evolving Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Extremely Preterm Infants." 11/09/2011 - "Randomized controlled trials have shown that treatment of chronically ventilated preterm infants after the first week of life with dexamethasone reduces the incidence of the combined outcome death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). " 01/01/2009 - "Finding the optimal postnatal dexamethasone regimen for preterm infants at risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a systematic review of placebo-controlled trials."
5.	Budesonide (Pulmicort)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2021 - "This study was designed to explore the efficacy of budesonide (BUD) in preventing and treating bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants and its effect on pulmonary function. " 01/01/2021 - "Efficacy of budesonide in the prevention and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants and its effect on pulmonary function." 05/01/2020 - "Is inhaled budesonide a useful adjunct for the prevention or management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia?" 04/15/2019 - "Budesonide is a potential therapeutic option for the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in mechanically ventilated premature neonates. " 12/01/2018 - "Does inhaled budesonide for bronchopulmonary dysplasia affect the neurodevelopmental outcomes?"
6.	SteroidsIBA 01/01/2022 - "Postnatal steroids during the first few weeks of life have been demonstrated to be effective in decreasing the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a serious chronic respiratory condition affecting preterm infants. " 04/01/2018 - "Are inhaled steroids safe and effective for prevention or treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia?" 01/01/2017 - "The efficacy of inhaled steroids in spontaneously breathing infants with established bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is debatable. " 01/01/2022 - "Steroid use for established bronchopulmonary dysplasia: study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis." 11/01/2021 - "A meta-analysis was performed to study the effect of steroid intervention on the neurodevelopment of extremely low birth weight preterm infants complicated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and to provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment. "
7.	Caffeine (No Doz)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2018 - "Placebo-controlled trials have shown that caffeine is highly effective in treating apnoea of prematurity and reduces the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI). " 10/04/2023 - "In particular, caffeine has been reported to improve important clinical outcomes, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and neurodevelopmental disability. " 01/01/2014 - "Caffeine administration is an important part of the therapeutic treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. " 11/01/2014 - "To determine if an early commencement of caffeine is associated with improved survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. " 11/01/2023 - "High-dose caffeine strategies probably reduce the rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. "
8.	PalivizumabFDA Link 03/01/2002 - "Palivizumab prophylaxis has appeared to be safe and effective for prevention of serious RSV illness in premature children and those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia." 03/01/2007 - "The present study was designed to determine the efficacy of administration of palivizumab to preterm infants with gestational age (GA) < or = 30 weeks without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). " 12/01/2004 - "The efficacy of palivizumab prophylaxis after bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has been demonstrated in a single placebo-controlled trial. " 02/01/2018 - "Palivizumab administration in France generally conformed with TC guidelines, but could be further improved for infants born at 27-32 weeks' gestation without bronchopulmonary dysplasia." 12/01/2000 - "(5) A double-blind trial in 1 502 infants either aged less than 6 months and born prematurely (35 weeks of gestation or earlier), or aged under 2 years with a history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, has shown that, relative to a placebo, palivizumab reduces the hospitalisation rates by 5% in absolute values. "
9.	Hydrocortisone (Cortisol)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2019 - "Is prophylaxis with early low-dose hydrocortisone in very preterm infants effective in preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia?" 01/01/2013 - "The aim of our study was to determine whether hydrocortisone even at low dose could be an effective and safe alternative treatment for bronchopulmonary dysplasia. " 04/30/2016 - "In this study, we aimed to assess whether low-dose hydrocortisone improved survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely preterm infants. " 08/31/2023 - "Prophylactic low-dose hydrocortisone (HC) was found to improve survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely preterm infants. " 01/01/2020 - "The primary objective was to evaluate hydrocortisone's efficacy for decreasing respiratory support in premature infants with developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). "
10.	Vitamin A (Retinol)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/2010 - "NICU medical directors from centers using vitamin A, compared with centers that did not adopt vitamin A supplementation, reported stronger beliefs in the efficacy of vitamin A to reduce the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (83% vs 33%; P = .03) and in the ease with which vitamin A could be implemented (75% vs 22%; P = .02). " 01/01/2021 - "This was a prospective observational study nested in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial investigating enteral vitamin A (5,000 IU/day) for reducing the severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely preterm infants. " 01/01/2022 - "Vitamin A supplementation for reducing the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age seems to be limited [risk ratio (RR):0.85; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.70-1.04; 8 studies, 1,595 infants, very-low-certainty evidence], which is different from the previous systematic review. " 01/01/2022 - "Oral vitamin A for the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials." 01/01/2021 - "Enteral Vitamin A for Reducing Severity of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Randomized Trial."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/2018 - "Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) therapies have shown promise in preclinical models of pathologies relevant to newborn medicine, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). " 01/01/2022 - "In preclinical trials, mesenchymal stromal cell therapies demonstrate promise as a therapeutic alternative for bronchopulmonary dysplasia. " 01/01/2021 - "Here we briefly summarize the preclinical data that have permitted the initiation of early phase clinical trials of cell-based therapies in extreme preterm infants and describe the INCuBAToR concept (Innovative Neonatal Cellular Therapy for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Accelerating Translation of Research), an evidence-based approach to mitigate the risk of translating advanced therapies into this vulnerable patient population. " 01/01/2020 - "Clinical trials of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) therapy for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are underway. " 12/01/2017 - "Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies."
2.	Artificial Respiration (Mechanical Ventilation) 11/01/2019 - "Individual studies and meta-analyses summarised in this review point in the direction that LISA is more effective than standard treatment or INSURE both in terms of short-term (avoidance of mechanical ventilation) and long-term (intracerebral haemorrhage and bronchopulmonary dysplasia) outcomes. " 12/01/2022 - "NIV from birth is superior to mechanical ventilation (MV) for the prevention of death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), with a number needed to treat between 25 and 35. " 09/01/2022 - "Non-invasive modes of respiratory support have been rapidly introduced providing modest success in reducing the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia when compared with invasive mechanical ventilation, and improved clinical practice has been reported from population-based studies. " 01/01/2016 - "Although mechanical ventilation via an endotracheal tube has undoubtedly led to improvement in neonatal survival in the last 40 years, the prolonged use of this technique may predispose the infant to development of many possible complications including bronchopulmonary dysplasia. " 01/01/2023 - "Our primary outcomes were 1. death (before hospital discharge) or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), 2. death (before hospital discharge), 3. BPD, 4. treatment failure within 72 hours of trial entry and 5. mechanical ventilation via an endotracheal tube within 72 hours of trial entry. "
3.	Continuous Positive Airway Pressure 04/01/2015 - "Safety and efficacy of oral feeding was examined in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP). " 02/14/2008 - "This randomized trial investigated whether nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), rather than intubation and ventilation, shortly after birth would reduce the rate of death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm infants. " 01/01/2023 - "Avoiding MV at birth and stabilization on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) decreases the composite outcome of death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia. " 01/01/2022 - "Fewer days on continuous positive airway pressure (p = 0.021) and lower rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (p = 0.018) were also observed in the post-group. " 01/01/2018 - "Routine use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to support preterm infants with respiratory distress is an evidenced-based strategy to decrease incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. "
4.	Mechanical Ventilators (Ventilator) 01/01/2023 - "To determine if skin-to-skin contact (SSC) improved respiratory parameters in premature infants with evolving or established bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on non-invasive neutrally adjusted ventilator assist (NIV-NAVA). " 01/01/2018 - "This study was designed to evaluate short-term physiologic outcomes of transitioning neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) from intensive care unit (ICU) ventilators to both the Trilogy 202 (Philips Healthcare, Andover, MA) and LTV 1200 (CareFusion, Yorba Linda, CA) subacute ventilators. " 11/01/2012 - "The study demonstrated that, among our patient population, DP was associated with a significantly longer duration of ventilator dependency (56.1 ± 16.0 vs. 29.8 ± 17.7 days, p = 0.001) and a higher incidence of severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (87.5 vs. 23 %, p = 0.002). " 08/17/2023 - "The Pandemic Allocation of Ventilators Model Penalizes Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia." 01/01/2023 - "Respiratory Outcomes for Ventilator-Dependent Children With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia."
5.	Cannula 01/01/2018 - "Mixed methods study utilising semi-structured phone interviews with parents of infants eligible for follow-up with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (defined as gestational age <32 weeks and requiring ≥30% FiO2 and/or >2 L nasal cannula at 36 weeks post-menstrual age) at 18-36 months corrected age. " 01/01/2021 - "Can high-flow nasal cannula reduce the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia compared with CPAP in preterm infants? " 12/01/2015 - "Newer management strategies with nasal cannula flows up to 4 L/min or more and 0.21 FiO2 at 36 weeks obscured classification of bronchopulmonary dysplasia status in 12.4% of infants. " 09/01/2016 - "To determine whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) compared with heated humidified, high-flow nasal cannula (HHFNC) in infants with evolving or established bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) reduced the work of breathing (WOB) and thoracoabdominal asynchrony (TAA) and improved oxygen saturation (SaO2). " 01/01/2021 - "Thus, the objective of this review was to assess whether the use of high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) compared to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) decreases the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature newborns. "