Bronchopneumonia

Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is associated with BRONCHITIS, usually involving lobular areas from TERMINAL BRONCHIOLES to the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. The affected areas become filled with exudate that forms consolidated patches.

Also Known As:

Networked: 783 relevant articles (51 outcomes, 64 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Infections
2.	Bronchitis
3.	Urinary Tract Infections (Urinary Tract Infection)
4.	Pneumonia (Pneumonitis)
5.	Sepsis (Septicemia)

Experts

1.	Rouby, Jean-Jacques: 6 articles (01/2022 - 07/2002)
2.	Suzuki, Kazuyuki: 4 articles (07/2019 - 07/2008)
3.	Giguère, S: 4 articles (01/2017 - 01/2015)
4.	Goldstein, Ivan: 4 articles (12/2006 - 07/2002)
5.	Fratrić, Natalija: 3 articles (12/2020 - 12/2012)
6.	Ilić, Vesna: 3 articles (12/2020 - 12/2012)
7.	Caswell, Jeff L: 3 articles (07/2019 - 12/2007)
8.	Experimental ICU Study Group: 3 articles (12/2006 - 03/2001)
9.	Marquette, Charles-Hugo: 3 articles (05/2005 - 07/2002)
10.	Ackermann, Mark R: 3 articles (10/2004 - 09/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Bronchopneumonia:

1.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 05/15/2020 - "Computed tomography revealed bronchopneumonia, which improved with antibiotic administration. " 09/01/2005 - "The present study describes the use of antibiotics to treat acute bronchopneumonia in the Internal Medicine Department "Cesare Frugoni" of a university hospital in southern Italy. " 04/01/1991 - "As an example of utilization study, we report a research on antibiotics prescribed for bronchopneumonia in two departments involved in the ARIES project. " 12/20/2022 - "The frequency of bronchopneumonia and exacerbations requiring antibiotics and gram-negative bacteria detection rates were highest in the type 2-low group. " 01/01/2018 - "Death was not a direct outcome of flu itself but rather a consequence of secondary bacterial bronchopneumonia, for which antibiotics had not yet been discovered. "
2.	Azithromycin (Zithromax)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2020 - "Efficacy of the combination of doxycycline and azithromycin for the treatment of foals with mild to moderate bronchopneumonia." 07/01/2020 - "This study was set up to evaluate whether azithromycin combined with doxycycline is effective for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in foals and noninferior to the combination of azithromycin and rifampin. " 01/01/2017 - "Tulathromycin was effective for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in foals at this farm but not as effective as the combination of azithromycin-rifampin." 01/01/2017 - "Tulathromycin is effective for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in foals and noninferior to the combination of azithromycin and rifampin. " 09/01/2001 - "We evaluated the efficacy of azithromycin, clarithromycin and three beta -lactams when used for 1 day only and for 3 days for the treatment of a murine model of bronchopneumonia, using three strains of H. "
3.	Ambroxol (Mucosolvan)IBA 12/01/2020 - "The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of ambroxol hydrochloride and N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of children with bronchial pneumonia and their influence on prognosis. " 01/01/2023 - "Retracted: Efficacy of Ambroxol Hydrochloride Combined with Amoxicillin Potassium Clavulanate Combination on Children with Bronchopneumonia and Its Impact on the Level of Inflammatory Factors." 01/01/2022 - "Efficacy of Ambroxol Hydrochloride Combined with Amoxicillin Potassium Clavulanate Combination on Children with Bronchopneumonia and Its Impact on the Level of Inflammatory Factors." 12/01/2020 - "Comparison of the efficacy of ambroxol hydrochloride and N -acetylcysteine in the treatment of children with bronchopneumonia and their influence on prognosis." 01/01/2022 - "The findings of the present study demonstrate that ambroxol hydrochloride combined with amoxicillin potassium clavulanate combination might be a reliable approach for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in children. "
4.	Meloxicam (Mobic)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2005 - "A significant reduction of main inflammatory mediators PGE2, PGF2alpha,TXB2 and MDA after meloxicam treatment in calves with induced bronchopneumonia indicates a beneficial effect on the inflammatory processes. " 10/08/2003 - "These results suggest that the combination of meloxicam with an antibiotic in calves suffering from enzootic bronchopneumonia is superior to the antibiotic alone and also to the combination of the antibiotic with flumethasone." 01/01/2003 - "These results suggest that the combination of meloxicam with an antibiotic or flunixin meglumine with an antibiotic which does not exert an immunosuppressive influence on the organism of calves suffering from enzootic bronchopneumonia is equally effective in the treatment of calves and superior to the antibiotic alone." 10/08/2003 - "The study was performed on 30 Black-and-White Lowland Breed calves with clinical signs of enzootic bronchopneumonia divided randomly into three equal groups and, respectively, treated with-Group I: oxytetracycline and meloxicam; Group II: oxytetracycline and flumethasone; Group III (control): oxytetracycline only. " 01/01/2003 - "The study was performed on 18 Black-and-White Lowland Breed calves with clinical signs of enzootic bronchopneumonia divided into three groups and respectively treated with oxytetracycline and meloxicam--Group I (9 animals); oxytetracycline and flunixin meglumine--Group II (3 animals); and oxytetracycline only--Group III (6 animals--control). "
5.	Amoxicillin (Wymox)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1989 - "Oral and/or parenteral amoxycillin was used to treat 52 young and adult patients suffering from moderately severe to severe bronchitis, bronchopneumonia or acute lobar pneumonia. " 01/01/1985 - "In a randomized trial, the efficacy of pivampicillin (500 mg or 1 g twice daily) was compared with that of amoxycillin (250 mg or 500 mg 3-times daily) in 43 elderly hospitalized patients with bronchopneumonia (32 patients) or an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (11 patients). " 05/01/1992 - "A 14-day, double-blind, randomized, parallel treatment study compared loracarbef (400 mg b.i.d.; n = 169) and amoxicillin (500 mg t.i.d.; n = 167) in the treatment of lobar pneumonia and bronchopneumonia. " 02/01/1983 - "In this study, cefaclor and amoxicillin appeared to be of equal value in the treatment of bacterial pneumonia or bronchopneumonia." 05/01/1992 - "These data support the conclusion that loracarbef and amoxicillin have comparable efficacy and safety in the treatment of bronchopneumonia and lobar pneumonia caused by susceptible pathogens. "
6.	Rifampin (Rifampicin)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1977 - "Double blind trial of rifampicin compared with ampicillin in acute pneumonia and bronchopneumonia." 07/01/2020 - "This study was set up to evaluate whether azithromycin combined with doxycycline is effective for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in foals and noninferior to the combination of azithromycin and rifampin. " 01/01/2017 - "Tulathromycin was effective for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in foals at this farm but not as effective as the combination of azithromycin-rifampin." 01/01/2017 - "Tulathromycin is effective for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in foals and noninferior to the combination of azithromycin and rifampin. " 01/01/2015 - "Gamithromycin was noninferior to azithromycin with rifampin for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in the study population but had a higher frequency of adverse reactions."
7.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination (Co-amoxiclav)FDA Link 01/01/2023 - "Retracted: Efficacy of Ambroxol Hydrochloride Combined with Amoxicillin Potassium Clavulanate Combination on Children with Bronchopneumonia and Its Impact on the Level of Inflammatory Factors." 01/01/2022 - "Efficacy of Ambroxol Hydrochloride Combined with Amoxicillin Potassium Clavulanate Combination on Children with Bronchopneumonia and Its Impact on the Level of Inflammatory Factors." 01/01/2022 - "The findings of the present study demonstrate that ambroxol hydrochloride combined with amoxicillin potassium clavulanate combination might be a reliable approach for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in children. " 01/01/2022 - "The goal of the present study was to examine the effect of ambroxol hydrochloride combined with amoxicillin potassium clavulanate combination on children with bronchopneumonia and its influence on the level of inflammatory factors. " 05/01/2004 - "During hospitalization, the following drugs were given: Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid and Levofloxacin for bronchopneumonia, Furosemide and Canreonate for renal impairment, Pantoprazole for gastric protection, and Itraconazole for oral candidiasis. "
8.	Biomarkers (Surrogate Marker)IBA 12/13/2013 - "Fifteen studies report that approximately 700 cases of bacterial (lobar and bronchopneumonia), sulfanilamide non-responsive, interstitial, and atypical pneumonia were effectively treated by low doses of X-rays, leading to disease resolution, based on clinical symptoms, objective disease biomarkers, and mortality incidence. " 04/01/2012 - "The efficacy of SP-D concentration as a useful biomarker of the severity of lung injury in children with bronchopneumonia with or without chronic airway disease was studied. " 04/01/2012 - "Serum SP-D levels as a biomarker of lung injury in children suffering of bronchopneumonia."
9.	FlumethasoneIBA 10/08/2003 - "These results suggest that the combination of meloxicam with an antibiotic in calves suffering from enzootic bronchopneumonia is superior to the antibiotic alone and also to the combination of the antibiotic with flumethasone." 05/01/1997 - "Efficacy of the combination sodium ceftiofur-flumethasone in the treatment of experimental Pasteurella haemolytica bronchopneumonia in calves." 10/08/2003 - "The study was performed on 30 Black-and-White Lowland Breed calves with clinical signs of enzootic bronchopneumonia divided randomly into three equal groups and, respectively, treated with-Group I: oxytetracycline and meloxicam; Group II: oxytetracycline and flumethasone; Group III (control): oxytetracycline only. " 10/08/2003 - "The aim of this paper was to compare the effect of flumethasone and meloxicam in combination with oxytetracycline on clinical and immunological parameters of calves suffering from enzootic bronchopneumonia. "
10.	flunixin meglumine (Banamine)IBA 12/01/2017 - "The obtained results indicate the selectively potent anti-inflammatory effect of flunixin meglumine on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in pneumonic buffalo calves and highlight the efficacy of flunixin meglumine in the treatment of bronchopneumonia in buffalo calves when used in combination with tulathromycin." 01/01/2003 - "These results suggest that the combination of meloxicam with an antibiotic or flunixin meglumine with an antibiotic which does not exert an immunosuppressive influence on the organism of calves suffering from enzootic bronchopneumonia is equally effective in the treatment of calves and superior to the antibiotic alone." 01/01/2003 - "The study was performed on 18 Black-and-White Lowland Breed calves with clinical signs of enzootic bronchopneumonia divided into three groups and respectively treated with oxytetracycline and meloxicam--Group I (9 animals); oxytetracycline and flunixin meglumine--Group II (3 animals); and oxytetracycline only--Group III (6 animals--control). " 01/01/2003 - "A comparative study of the effects of meloxicam and flunixin meglumine (NSAIDs) as adjunctive therapy on interferon and tumor necrosis factor production in calves suffering from enzootic bronchopneumonia."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/1980 - "There was temporary improvement with steriod therapy, but ever-deepening stupor appeared till death due to bronchopneumonia. " 11/01/2019 - "Based upon previous research showing the importance of respiratory commensal bacteria in protecting against bronchopneumonia, this study aimed to develop bacterial therapeutics that could be used to mitigate the BRD pathogen Mannheimia haemolytica Bacteria isolated from the respiratory tracts of healthy cattle were characterized for their inhibitory, adhesive, and immunomodulatory properties. " 01/01/2022 - "Clinical value of atomization therapy in children with bronchopneumonia." 01/01/2020 - "Based on this NMA, XXN + WM and YHN + WM were potential optimal therapies in pediatric bronchopneumonia, and their safety should be strictly monitored." 01/01/2020 - "anatis isolates from bronchoalveolar lavage samples of 10 calves with bronchopneumonia unresponsive to antimicrobial therapy. "
2.	Injections 01/01/2020 - "Comparative Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Injections for Treating Pediatric Bronchopneumonia: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials." 01/01/2020 - "Chinese herbal injections (CHIs) are widely used to treat pediatric bronchopneumonia. " 07/01/2007 - "Consecutive injections of viruses resulted in acute respiratory disease that was severer and accompanied by necrotic rhinotracheitis and acute catarrhal bronchopneumonia than individual injections. " 09/01/2015 - "FTAAH therapy in injectable form was effective in the model of a combined viral-bacterial pneumonia of mice by all the studied criteria: treatment increased mice survival, reduced the decrease of their body weight, resulted in a reduction of virus titers and density of bacteria in lungs, that correlated with the data from morphological study and signs of bronchopneumonia resolution in mice. " 06/01/1993 - "Six calves with areas of pulmonary consolidation attributable to bronchopneumonia, and 6 calves with no areas of consolidation were given i.v. injections of danofloxacin. "
3.	Transplantation 07/01/2000 - "One patient died 111 days from transplantation due to bronchopneumonia, four are alive and well, in the stable disease, 35, 36, 51 and 52 weeks after transplantation. " 04/01/1992 - "When 10(4) colony-forming units or as few as 10(2) were instilled into the left middle lobe of donors 24 hours before explantation and use of the lung for transplantation, severe acute bronchopneumonia developed in all 18 recipients. " 01/01/1982 - "After 46 days post transplantation she died from bronchopneumonia. " 03/01/2000 - "One patient died due to acute rejection 40 days after transplantation; another patient died 2 years after transplantation due to lymphoproliferative disorder; a third patient died because of primary failure of the graft; and a fourth patient died due to bronchopneumonia. " 04/01/2003 - "Pulmonary deaths occurred in three patients from pulmonary hemorrhage, pulmonary infection with Aspergillus and Candida glabrata, and acute bronchopneumonia associated with polymicrobial sepsis because of Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, and Candida albicans 1.44, 0.78, and 1.83 yr, respectively, after transplantation. "
4.	Intravenous Administration 11/15/2002 - "After nebulization, AMK lung tissue concentrations were 3- to 30-fold higher than after intravenous administration and were influenced by the severity of lung lesions: 188 +/- 175 microg x g-1 in lung segments with mild bronchopneumonia versus 40 +/- 65 microg x g-1 in lung segments with severe bronchopneumonia (p < 0.01). " 11/01/1979 - "3) Serious upper respiratory tract inflammations, low respiratory tract inflammations (acute bronchitis and bronchopneumonia), staphylococcal exanthema and acute urinary tract infections mostly responded well to CXM intravenous administration (one shot injection, or instillation at dose of 50 approximately mg/kg/day in 2 approximately 3 daily divided doses. " 11/01/1980 - "The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. Intravenous administration was effective in three cases of pulmonary abscess, in one case of bronchopneumonia, in one case of urinary tract infection complicated to nephrolithiasis, in one case of Mycoplasma pneumonia and in one case of tsutsugamushi disease. " 05/01/2005 - "As compared with intravenous administration, nebulization of ceftazidime significantly increased lung tissue concentrations (17 +/- 13 vs. 383 +/- 84 microg/g in noninfected piglets and 10 +/- 3 vs. 129 +/- 108 microg/g in piglets with experimental bronchopneumonia; P < 0.001). " 07/01/2002 - "In a porcine model of severe bronchopneumonia, the nebulization of amikacin provided 3-30 times higher pulmonary concentrations than the intravenous administration of an equivalent dose. "
5.	Artificial Respiration (Mechanical Ventilation) 10/12/2022 - "To investigate the characteristics of sleep cycle in children with severe acute bronchopneumonia treated with invasive mechanical ventilation at different sedation depths. " 10/12/2022 - "Sleep cycle in children with severe acute bronchopneumonia during mechanical ventilation at different depths of sedation." 01/01/2001 - "The mean duration of mechanical ventilation was 2.0+/-2.83 days, one patient who developed bronchopneumonia needed prolonged ventilation for 14 days. " 03/01/1995 - "Aspiration bronchopneumonia occurs in most patients undergoing prolonged mechanical ventilation. " 01/01/1993 - "Development was complicated by several periods of bronchopneumonia necessitating artificial respiration each time."