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Brain Neoplasms (Brain Tumor)

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Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.

Also Known As:

Brain Tumor; Brain Tumors; Brain Cancer; Tumor, Brain; Benign Neoplasms, Brain; Brain Neoplasm, Primary; Brain Neoplasms, Benign; Brain Neoplasms, Malignant; Brain Neoplasms, Malignant, Primary; Brain Neoplasms, Primary Malignant; Brain Tumor, Primary; Brain Tumor, Recurrent; Cancer of the Brain; Intracranial Neoplasms; Malignant Neoplasms, Brain; Malignant Primary Brain Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Brain; Neoplasms, Brain, Benign; Neoplasms, Brain, Malignant; Neoplasms, Brain, Primary; Primary Brain Neoplasms; Primary Malignant Brain Neoplasms; Primary Malignant Brain Tumors; Benign Brain Neoplasm; Benign Brain Neoplasms; Benign Neoplasm, Brain; Brain Benign Neoplasm; Brain Benign Neoplasms; Brain Cancers; Brain Malignant Neoplasm; Brain Malignant Neoplasms; Brain Neoplasm; Brain Neoplasm, Benign; Brain Neoplasm, Malignant; Brain Neoplasms, Primary; Brain Tumors, Primary; Brain Tumors, Recurrent; Cancer, Brain; Cancers, Brain; Intracranial Neoplasm; Malignant Brain Neoplasm; Malignant Brain Neoplasms; Malignant Neoplasm, Brain; Neoplasm, Brain; Neoplasm, Intracranial; Primary Brain Neoplasm; Primary Brain Tumor; Primary Brain Tumors; Recurrent Brain Tumor; Recurrent Brain Tumors; Tumors, Brain; Cancer of Brain; Malignant Primary Brain Tumors; Neoplasms, Intracranial

Networked: 9873 relevant articles (476 outcomes, 1539 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
2.	Glioma (Gliomas)
3.	Brain Neoplasms (Brain Tumor)
4.	Glioblastoma (Glioblastoma Multiforme)
5.	Medulloblastoma

Experts

1.	Bigner, Darell D: 34 articles (12/2015 - 11/2002)
2.	Black, Keith L: 32 articles (09/2014 - 06/2002)
3.	Lesniak, Maciej S: 31 articles (07/2015 - 08/2003)
4.	Berger, Mitchel S: 30 articles (10/2015 - 02/2002)
5.	Friedman, Henry S: 30 articles (07/2014 - 04/2002)
6.	Brem, Henry: 29 articles (06/2015 - 07/2002)
7.	Kun, Larry E: 29 articles (03/2014 - 09/2002)
8.	Wen, Patrick Y: 26 articles (10/2015 - 01/2004)
9.	Chang, Susan M: 26 articles (09/2015 - 04/2002)
10.	Gajjar, Amar: 26 articles (09/2015 - 08/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Brain Neoplasms:

1.	temozolomide (Temodar)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2015 - "Collectively, these results suggest that limited drug delivery into brain tumors may significantly limit the efficacy of rucaparib combined with temozolomide in GBM. " 05/01/2009 - "In this preliminary study, oral temozolomide shows promising results on recurrent embryonal brain tumors in children. " 05/01/2009 - "This study analyzed the efficacy of temozolomide on the treatment of recurrent embryonal brain tumors in children. " 01/01/2013 - "Myeloablative temozolomide enhances CD8⁺ T-cell responses to vaccine and is required for efficacy against brain tumors in mice." 05/01/2009 - "Efficacy of temozolomide for recurrent embryonal brain tumors in children."
2.	Etoposide (VP 16)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/2011 - "In this study, we investigated whether DHA, a nutritionally important n-3 unsaturated fatty acid, modulated the sensitivity of brain tumor cells to the anticancer drug, etoposide (VP16). " 01/01/2008 - "The aim of this study was to determine the response and toxicity of patients with recurrent or treatment-induced brain tumors to TMZ and oral VP-16. " 05/01/1984 - "Etoposide (VP-16-213) in malignant brain tumors: a phase II study." 08/01/2011 - "Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) sensitizes brain tumor cells to etoposide-induced apoptosis." 01/01/2011 - "Pediatric brain tumor cancer stem cells: cell cycle dynamics, DNA repair, and etoposide extrusion."
3.	Carmustine (FIVB)FDA Link 04/01/2011 - "Anti-EGFR/BCNU-CASLNs demonstrated the properties including an effective delivery to U87MG cells and antiproliferative efficacy against the growth of malignant brain tumors." 10/01/1982 - "This preliminary study was undertaken to identify the combined efficacy of perfluorochemicals (Fluosol-43) and a chemotherapeutic agent (BCNU) in a rat brain tumor model. " 06/01/1975 - "An in vitro colony formation assay was used to determine the efficacy of in vitro therapy with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) on a rat brain tumor. " 08/01/2004 - "As part of a Pediatric Oncology Group Phase I study, 120 mg/m(2) of O(6)BG was administered i.v. over 1 h, before 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea administration in children with recurrent or refractory brain tumors. " 08/27/1999 - "This paper reports the development of three-dimensional simulations to study the effect of various factors on the delivery of 1-3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) to brain tumors. "
4.	Cisplatin (Platino)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/1982 - "In summary, cisplatin appears to be active in a spectrum of brain tumors and should be studied further for therapeutic efficacy." 01/01/2011 - "Comment to the paper "efficacy of intracerebral delivery of cisplatin in combination with photon irradiation for treatment of brain tumors" from Rousseau et al., in press." 07/01/2010 - "Efficacy of intracerebral delivery of cisplatin in combination with photon irradiation for treatment of brain tumors." 08/05/2011 - "In this in vitro metabonomic study, four brain cancer cell lines were exposed to cisplatin and studied for metabolic responses using (1)H NMR. " 03/01/1992 - "A phase II randomized study comparing sequential and combined intraarterial cisplatin and radiation therapy in primary brain tumors. "
5.	bevacizumab FDA Link 05/01/2014 - "This study evaluated prolonged diffusion restriction, in the corpus callosum (CC), of patients with malignant brain tumors treated with bevacizumab. " 09/01/2015 - "Wound healing complications in brain tumor patients on Bevacizumab." 06/01/2015 - "Twenty-four patients diagnosed with cerebral RN and treated with different schedules of bevacizumab between July 2007 and June 2012, were identified from the Cleveland Clinic Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center's database. " 12/01/2014 - "This sequence was tested in a mouse brain tumor model (U87_MG), also under treatment with an antiangiogenic agent (bevacizumab). " 09/01/2014 - "A 38-year-old female with metastatic brain cancer developed non-enhancing, diffusion restricted lesions following bevacizumab treatment. "
6.	Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/2009 - "Therapeutic efficacy of a polymeric micellar doxorubicin infused by convection-enhanced delivery against intracranial 9L brain tumor models." 06/01/1981 - "[Intraneoplastic local injection of adriamycin for the treatment of experimental brain tumor--an autoradiographic study (author's transl)]." 01/01/2015 - "Free doxorubicin (DXR) is not currently used to treat brain tumors because (i) the blood-brain barrier limits the drug deposition into the brain (ii) lethal toxic effects occur when combined with radiation therapy. " 08/10/2014 - "Local doxorubicin (DOX) concentration in MB-FUS sonicated normal brain tissue as well as in brain tumor tissue was increased as compared to the unsonicated control tissue in the contralateral hemisphere. " 06/01/2011 - "This hampers the use of some drugs, as doxorubicin, potentially active for treatment of brain tumors. "
7.	Interleukin-2 (IL2)IBA 05/15/2005 - "Recombinant Sendai virus vector induces complete remission of established brain tumors through efficient interleukin-2 gene transfer in vaccinated rats." 03/21/1990 - "Local brain tumor therapy using lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) has not proved to be effective in preliminary clinical trials. " 07/01/1993 - "Intratumoral administration of LAK cells and IL-2 can be effective in patients with malignant brain tumors." 09/01/2000 - "The present study may also raise the possibility of a therapeutic strategy for brain tumors by the combinatory expression of IL-2 gene using s.c. " 07/01/1988 - "Immunological study of interleukin-2 in the patients with malignant brain tumors."
8.	Carboplatin (JM8)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2001 - "Carboplatin is effective in the treatment of malignant brain tumors. " 09/01/2006 - "Phase II trial of intravenous lobradimil and carboplatin in childhood brain tumors: a report from the Children's Oncology Group." 09/01/2004 - "Carboplatin pharmacokinetic studies were performed on 21 of 25 children with primary brain tumors who received carboplatin and lobradimil on two consecutive days every 28 days in a phase I dose-escalation trial of lobradimil. " 05/01/2004 - "As part of a phase II study, a total of 110 patients were treated for malignant brain tumors with intra-arterial carboplatin, enhanced by the BBBD procedure, at the Sherbrooke University Hospital. " 10/01/2001 - "Phase I trial of lobradimil (RMP-7) and carboplatin in children with brain tumors."
9.	Liposomes (Liposome)IBA 01/01/2015 - "The purpose of this study is to prepare T7 and TAT dual modified liposomes (T7-TAT-LIP) to penetrate through blood brain barrier and target to brain tumor cells. " 01/01/2007 - "In this study, we have investigated the potential of trans-activating transcriptional activator peptide (TATp)-modified liposomes to enhance the delivery of the model gene, plasmid encoding for the green fluorescent protein (pEGFP-N1), to human brain tumor U-87 MG cells in vitro and in an intracranial model in nude mice. " 12/01/2005 - "In previous studies, we investigated possible clinical applications of liposomes to the treatment of brain tumors. " 04/01/2004 - "Because convection-enhanced delivery (CED) of liposomes may improve the therapeutic index for targeting brain tumors, we conducted a three-stage study: stage 1 established the feasibility of using in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to confirm adequate liposomal distribution within targeted regions in normal rat brain. " 04/01/1990 - "In this study liposomes, which can cross the blood-brain barrier, were investigated for their potential in delivering therapeutic agents to brain tumors. "
10.	Paclitaxel (Taxol)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2011 - "The proposed brain-targeted NP delivery of paclitaxel could be an effective treatment for the brain cancers." 08/01/1995 - "Taxol demonstrated modest efficacy with minimal toxicity in this heavily pretreated cohort of young patients with recurrent primary brain tumors." 10/01/2001 - "A phase I study of cranial radiation therapy with concomitant continuous infusion paclitaxel in children with brain tumors." 06/01/2001 - "Paclitaxel for the treatment of progressive or recurrent childhood brain tumors: a pediatric oncology phase II study." 08/01/2010 - "A thermal gel depot for local delivery of paclitaxel to treat experimental brain tumors in rats."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 01/01/1996 - "Chemotherapy seems effective in some brain neoplasms, however most suitable drugs and dose need to be established. " 07/01/1991 - "Survival of children with brain tumors has improved over the past 20 years due in part to advances in surgery, radiation, and most recently chemotherapy. " 08/01/1990 - "Nowadays best results in the treatment of malignant brain tumors can be obtained with an interdisciplinary combined treatment (operation, radiation, antineoplastic chemotherapy). " 03/01/1985 - "These observations may be important in understanding the partial preservation of the blood-brain barrier in metastatic brain tumors and the mode of growth of the metastatic lesion, and in selecting the type of chemotherapy that will be most effective in controlling this central nervous system complication of systemic malignancies." 01/01/2015 - "This highlights an urgent need to develop novel therapies and increase the efficacy of radio/chemotherapy for these very aggressive and malignant brain tumors. "
2.	Radiotherapy 09/01/2014 - "In the past decade, our understanding of the roles of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in the management of brain tumors has dramatically improved. " 01/01/2014 - "Radiotherapy is the most effective non-surgical treatment of brain tumors and with the improvement in overall survival for these patients over the last few decades, there is an effort to minimize potential adverse effects leading to possible worsening in quality of life, especially worsening of neurocognitive function. " 12/01/1999 - "For example, HBO therapy combined with radiotherapy (UOEH regimen) and anticoagulant therapy appear to be very effective in the treatments of malignant brain tumors and ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, respectively. " 03/01/2004 - "In this work, we evaluate the clinical efficacy of DWMRI and high diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (HDWMRI), acquired up to b = 4000 sec/mm(2) to amplify sensitivity to water diffusion properties, in pretreatment prediction of brain tumors' response to radiotherapy. " 12/01/2003 - "The effects of radiosurgery for metastatic brain tumors have been thought to be superior to fractionated radiotherapy due to high response and control rates, and patients showed improved quality of life although no prolongation of the life span was obtained. "
3.	Immunotherapy 05/01/2009 - "The development of an immune competent mouse model for the study of immunosuppressive mechanisms is important for improving the efficacy of brain tumor immunotherapy. " 09/01/2002 - "The authors evaluated dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy for malignant brain tumor to improve its therapeutic efficacy. " 09/01/2006 - "Immunotherapy holds great promise for the treatment of invasive brain tumors, and we are interested specifically in evaluating immune stimulation of microglial cells as one potential strategy. " 09/01/2000 - "The central nervous system shows tolerance for activated host immune reactions, and this relative unresponsiveness may lessen the efficacy of an immunotherapy for brain tumors. " 08/01/2001 - "These data support the efficacy of DC-based immunotherapy for patients with malignant brain tumors."
4.	Heterologous Transplantation (Xenotransplantation) 01/28/2015 - "The current study evaluated the vascular-disrupting activity of CA4P on subcutaneous 9L rat brain tumor xenografts in mice using dynamic bioluminescence imaging. " 12/01/2010 - "This study preclinically investigated its potential as an antitumor agent against human brain tumor xenografts. " 11/01/2005 - "In addition, this review also details the role of molecular cytogenetic techniques in other aspects of understanding the pathogenesis of brain tumors, including xenograft, cancer stem cell, and telomere length studies." 07/01/1998 - "We are currently using all 3 of these human brain tumor xenograft models in other in vivo studies." 05/01/1996 - "Restriction fragment length polymorphism studies comparing the primary brain tumor tissue from each patient against multiple passages of the resulting xenografts confirm the origin of both xenografts. "
5.	Therapeutics 06/01/2008 - "However, the efficacy of these therapeutics is still limited and new therapeutic approaches based on the understanding of brain tumor biology are emerging. " 03/01/2005 - "However, the efficacy of these therapeutics is still limited and new therapeutic approaches based on the understanding of brain tumor biology are emerging. " 07/01/2015 - "Strategies targeting the microenvironment of pediatric brain cancers have the potential to improve the efficacy of standard and genome-based molecular therapeutics. " 04/01/2015 - "Improved biological understanding of pediatric brain tumors is resulting in new molecular-based classification and the development of rationally designed therapeutics. " 01/01/2014 - "Our case argues that next generation sequencing may play a role in the pathological classification of pediatric brain cancers and guiding targeted therapy, supporting additional studies of genetically targeted therapeutics. "