Brain Concussion (Cerebral Concussion)

A nonspecific term used to describe transient alterations or loss of consciousness following closed head injuries. The duration of UNCONSCIOUSNESS generally lasts a few seconds, but may persist for several hours. Concussions may be classified as mild, intermediate, and severe. Prolonged periods of unconsciousness (often defined as greater than 6 hours in duration) may be referred to as post-traumatic coma (COMA, POST-HEAD INJURY). (From Rowland, Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p418)

Also Known As:

Networked: 82 relevant articles (2 outcomes, 3 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Multiple Sclerosis
2.	Movement Disorders (Movement Disorder)
3.	Contusions
4.	Brain Injuries (Brain Injury)
5.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma)

Experts

1.	Liu, Jie: 2 articles (05/2003 - 04/2003)
2.	Puchin'ian, D M: 2 articles (01/2001 - 07/2000)
3.	Ivanov, D E: 2 articles (01/2001 - 07/2000)
4.	Ninel', V G: 2 articles (01/2001 - 07/2000)
5.	Thiagarajan, Preethi: 1 article (11/2014)
6.	Ciuffreda, Kenneth J: 1 article (11/2014)
7.	Capo-Aponte, Jose: 1 article (11/2014)
8.	Yadav, Naveen K: 1 article (11/2014)
9.	Ludlam, Diana P: 1 article (11/2014)
10.	Hermanowicz, Adam: 1 article (07/2014)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Brain Concussion:

1.	CD31 AntigensIBA 01/01/2011 - "The more rapid progression of multiple sclerosis was associated with male sex, a history of brain concussion, a short first remission, late disease onset, movement disorders at onset of the disease and the high level of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (sPECAM-1) in the spinal fluid."
2.	Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor)IBA 04/01/2003 - "[Study on the expressions of basic fibroblast growth factor and nervous growth factor genes in rat cerebral concussion]." 04/01/2003 - "To study the expressions of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and nervous growth factor(NGF) genes in rat cerebral concussion. " 08/01/2009 - "Brain tissues were sampled from the established SD rat animal model of brain concussion, routinely processed and stained with HE and immunohistochemically stained with antibodies directed against heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). "
3.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)IBA 02/01/1967 - "[Changes in the proteins of blood serum electrophoresis in cases of brain concussion]." 01/01/1993 - "RIA was used to study the quantitative content in the blood serum of thyrotropic (TTH), thyroid (total thyroxine (T4), free thyroxine, triiodothyronine (T3) hormones and thyroxine-binding capacity of blood plasma proteins in 30 patients with brain concussion from the first to the 12th day of disease. "
4.	Nerve Growth Factor (NGF)IBA 04/01/2003 - "The expressions of bFGF and NGF genes were studied in the course of cerebral concussion by means of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. " 04/01/2003 - "The expression of bFGF gene participates in the course of cerebral concussion, might play an important role in the nervous cells degeneration and necrosis; NGF gene expression participates in the whole course of cerebral concussion, especially in the early phase." 04/01/2003 - "To study the expressions of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and nervous growth factor(NGF) genes in rat cerebral concussion. "
5.	Triiodothyronine (Liothyronine)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1993 - "RIA was used to study the quantitative content in the blood serum of thyrotropic (TTH), thyroid (total thyroxine (T4), free thyroxine, triiodothyronine (T3) hormones and thyroxine-binding capacity of blood plasma proteins in 30 patients with brain concussion from the first to the 12th day of disease. "
6.	Thyroxine (Levothyroxine)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1993 - "RIA was used to study the quantitative content in the blood serum of thyrotropic (TTH), thyroid (total thyroxine (T4), free thyroxine, triiodothyronine (T3) hormones and thyroxine-binding capacity of blood plasma proteins in 30 patients with brain concussion from the first to the 12th day of disease. "
7.	SilverIBA 07/02/1981 - "This study has demonstrated widespread nerve fiber degeneration (nfd) following experimental cerebral concussion (ECC) in the rat by use of the Fink-Heimer modification of the Nauta--Gygax silver staining method for impregnation of degenerating axons. "
8.	HormonesIBA 01/01/1993 - "RIA was used to study the quantitative content in the blood serum of thyrotropic (TTH), thyroid (total thyroxine (T4), free thyroxine, triiodothyronine (T3) hormones and thyroxine-binding capacity of blood plasma proteins in 30 patients with brain concussion from the first to the 12th day of disease. "
9.	N-formyl-13-dihydrocarminomycin (NFD)IBA 07/02/1981 - "This study has demonstrated widespread nerve fiber degeneration (nfd) following experimental cerebral concussion (ECC) in the rat by use of the Fink-Heimer modification of the Nauta--Gygax silver staining method for impregnation of degenerating axons. "
10.	Procaine (Novocaine)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1959 - "[The influence of vago-sympathetic novocaine blockade on capillary permeability in brain concussion]." 01/01/1959 - "[Treatment of commotio cerebri by cervical novocaine block]." 05/01/1957 - "[Intravenous administration of novocaine in the treatment of cerebral concussions]." 09/17/1954 - "[The effect of novocain on disorder of water secretion and headache associated with commotio cerebri]."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Laser Therapy (Surgery, Laser) 07/01/2012 - "The efficacy of magnetic-laser therapy used according to the method developed by us was studied in patients having the brain concussion (BC) in an acute period. " 07/01/2012 - "[Possibilities of magnetic-laser therapy in comprehensive treatment of patients with brain concussion in acute period]."
2.	Amputation 03/01/2011 - "She had multiple musculoskeletal injuries, severe concussion of the liver with amputation of the left liver lobe, disruption of the left hepatic vein from the inferior vena cava, and impaired hemostasis. " 01/01/1980 - "A permanent amputation illusion regularly follows a complete spinal injury with concomitant brain concussion, whereas all patients who are conscious during their spinal trauma remain aware of their paralyzed limbs in definite phantom positions which are clearly related to the position of the body at the moment of injury."
3.	Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 02/15/2000 - "Acute CNS catastrophe may be due to direct ("primary") brain damage (e.g., intracerebral hemorrhage, severe concussion, brain tumors), or indirect ("secondary") brain damage (e.g., cerebral hypoxia following cardio-pulmonary resuscitation). "
4.	Acupuncture Points (Acupuncture Point) 10/01/2000 - "Laser application to the acupuncture points in children with acute brain concussion should reduce the incidence of complications of brain injury disease."
5.	X-Ray Therapy 05/01/1962 - "[Roentgenotherapy in the treatment of posttraumatic cerebral concussion syndromes]."