Borderline Personality Disorder (Personality Disorders, Borderline)

A personality disorder marked by a pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts. (DSM-IV)

Also Known As:

Networked: 1175 relevant articles (102 outcomes, 253 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder)
2.	Mental Disorders (Mental Disorder)
3.	Psychotic Disorders (Schizoaffective Disorder)
4.	Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depressive Psychosis)
5.	Personality Disorders (Personality Disorder)

Experts

1.	Roepke, Stefan: 23 articles (01/2022 - 04/2009)
2.	Bellino, Silvio: 20 articles (11/2021 - 09/2005)
3.	Schmahl, Christian: 19 articles (01/2022 - 05/2004)
4.	Herpertz, Sabine C: 18 articles (01/2022 - 11/2007)
5.	Soler, Joaquim: 17 articles (01/2022 - 09/2004)
6.	Bohus, Martin: 17 articles (12/2019 - 05/2004)
7.	Zanarini, Mary C: 17 articles (01/2019 - 05/2002)
8.	Wingenfeld, Katja: 16 articles (02/2021 - 10/2005)
9.	Lieb, Klaus: 16 articles (05/2020 - 05/2004)
10.	Arntz, Arnoud: 14 articles (01/2022 - 02/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Borderline Personality Disorder:

1.	Valproic Acid (Depakote)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2002 - "The results of this study suggest that divalproex sodium may be a safe and effective agent in the treatment of women with criteria-defined borderline personality disorder and comorbid bipolar II disorder, significantly decreasing their irritability and anger, the tempestuousness of their relationships, and their impulsive aggressiveness." 11/01/1995 - "Valproate led to overall improvement in 50% of a small sample of borderline personality disorder patients who completed an 8-week open trial. " 11/01/2012 - "Efficacy of extended-release divalproex combined with "condensed" dialectical behavior therapy for individuals with borderline personality disorder." 06/01/2007 - "An open-label trial of divalproex extended-release in the treatment of borderline personality disorder." 05/01/2002 - "The intent of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of divalproex sodium and placebo in the treatment of women with borderline personality disorder and comorbid bipolar II disorder. "
2.	Quetiapine Fumarate (Seroquel)FDA Link 11/01/2014 - "Participants treated with 150 mg/day of quetiapine had a significant reduction in the severity of borderline personality disorder symptoms compared with those who received placebo. " 12/01/2009 - "We aimed to assess whether executive functioning improved over time in a sample of borderline personality disorder (BPD) subjects that took part in a quetiapine treatment trial. " 12/01/2009 - "Quetiapine treatment and improved cognitive functioning in borderline personality disorder." 04/01/2008 - "Data on the efficacy of quetiapine in borderline personality disorder (BPD) are still scarce. " 04/01/2008 - "Efficacy of quetiapine for impulsivity and affective symptoms in borderline personality disorder."
3.	Antipsychotic Agents (Antipsychotics)IBA 01/01/2010 - "The current evidence from randomised controlled trials suggests that drug treatment, especially with mood stabilisers and second-generation antipsychotics, may be effective for treating a number of core symptoms and associated psychopathology, but the evidence does not currently support effectiveness for overall severity of borderline personality disorder. " 01/01/1984 - "A dramatic improvement in mood and behavior after TRH occurred during treatment with low-dose neuroleptics in a patient with major depression and borderline personality disorder. " 08/01/2011 - "Differential effectiveness of antipsychotics in borderline personality disorder: meta-analyses of placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials on symptomatic outcome domains." 01/30/2007 - "Only a few studies have commented on the use of atypical antipsychotics for the treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) features, including affective dysregulation and aggression. " 10/01/2005 - "Recent studies indicate that atypical neuroleptics may be safe and useful in treating many symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD), including impulsivity, which can constitute the core dimension of this pathology. "
4.	Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)IBA 01/01/1995 - "A number of studies have indicated that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are effective in reducing the symptomatology accompanying borderline personality disorder (BPD). " 11/01/2004 - "The goals of the present study were to attempt to replicate the finding of improvement in impulsive aggression in borderline personality disorder with SSRIs and to investigate the specific cortical areas modified by medication, which might underlie the observed clinical improvement using (18)FDG-PET. " 11/01/2007 - "This study aims to study these polymorphisms to predict the response of aggressive and impulsive behaviors to SSRIs in borderline personality disorder. " 02/28/2021 - "Selective Serotonin Reuptake-Inhibitors for Symptom-Based Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorders in Older Adults: An International Delphi Study." 03/01/2013 - "Results indicate that patients displaying greater variability in activation and using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have a higher probability to engage in lifetime NSSI after adjustment for depression and borderline personality disorder. "
5.	Anticonvulsants (Antiepileptic Drugs)IBA 11/01/2007 - "Anticonvulsants are showing to be helpful in the treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder and are widely used in clinical settings, although few studies have been published and their role in different borderline patients is not completely outlined. " 02/01/2006 - "While continued clinical investigation of the use of anticonvulsants in borderline personality disorder is needed, anticonvulsants may be useful in the treatment of this condition, combined with appropriate psychotherapy." 06/01/2007 - "Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with several symptoms, including impulsivity, aggression, and intense unstable affect, which can be targeted with anticonvulsant agents. " 02/01/2006 - "A review of pharmacologic studies suggests that anticonvulsants may have similar stabilizing effects in both borderline personality disorder and rapid cycling bipolar disorder. " 10/01/1989 - "We conclude that suicide attempts in epileptics are primarily associated with interictal psychopathologic factors, such as borderline personality disorder and psychosis, rather than with specific psychosocial stressors, seizure variables, or anticonvulsant medications."
6.	Lamotrigine (Lamictal)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2007 - "The patients had initial Clinical Global Impression-Severity scores of 5 or 6 and a final scores of 1 or 2, except for one patient with an initial score of 3 and a final score of 1 and one patient with an initial score of 6 and a final score of 7. Lamotrigine seems to be a safe and effective option for the treatment of patients with symptoms of affective instability associated with borderline personality disorder." 01/01/2018 - "The results suggest that treating people with borderline personality disorder with lamotrigine is not a clinically effective or cost-effective use of resources." 01/01/2018 - "The authors examined whether lamotrigine is a clinically effective and cost-effective treatment for people with borderline personality disorder. " 05/01/2005 - "The goal of this study was to compare the efficacy of lamotrigine versus placebo in the treatment of aggression in women meeting the criteria for borderline personality disorder (BPD). " 12/01/2018 - "An Opportunity to Report Closer-to-Efficacy Findings in a Study of Lamotrigine for Borderline Personality Disorder."
7.	Carbamazepine (Tegretol)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/1986 - "While carbamazepine may prove to be an effective medication for some patients with borderline personality disorder, careful attention to change in depressive symptoms is suggested." 12/01/1994 - "A trial of carbamazepine in borderline personality disorder." 03/01/2009 - "The paper presents the case report of a patient diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, treated with carbamazepine. " 08/01/1986 - "Because patients with borderline personality disorder show prominent affective symptomatology on the one hand and symptoms suggestive of an epileptoid disorder on the other, carbamazepine was included in a multidrug, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. " 04/01/1986 - "Positive effects of carbamazepine on behavioral dyscontrol in borderline personality disorder."
8.	Topiramate (Topamax)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/2006 - "Topiramate appears to be a safe and effective agent in the treatment in women with borderline personality disorder. " 11/01/2004 - "Topiramate appears to be a safe and effective agent in the treatment of anger in women with borderline personality disorder as defined by SCID criteria. " 03/01/2005 - "The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of topiramate versus placebo in the treatment of aggression in men with borderline personality disorder. " 02/01/2006 - "Topiramate treatment for women with borderline personality disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study." 11/01/2004 - "We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of topiramate in 29 female subjects (response rate 93.5%) meeting SCID (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV) criteria for borderline personality disorder. "
9.	Olanzapine (Zyprexa)FDA Link 08/01/2009 - "No significant difference between olanzapine and placebo for improvement in borderline personality disorder symptoms." 06/01/2008 - "This double-blind study examined whether olanzapine augments the efficacy of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) in reducing anger and hostility in borderline personality disorder patients. " 10/01/2006 - "Our objective was to determine the efficacy of olanzapine on 20 patients with borderline personality disorder. " 10/01/2011 - "In this 12-week randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 451 outpatients aged 18-65 years with DSM-IV borderline personality disorder received olanzapine 2.5 mg/d (n = 150), olanzapine 5-10 mg/d (n = 148), or placebo (n = 153). " 10/01/2011 - "A dose comparison of olanzapine for the treatment of borderline personality disorder: a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study."
10.	Fluoxetine (Prozac)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/1995 - "Clinical data and uncontrolled observations have suggested that fluoxetine is helpful in some patients with borderline personality disorder. " 04/01/1991 - "The findings from this work suggested efficacy for fluoxetine in treating the depressive and impulsive symptoms of refractory patients with borderline personality disorder." 01/01/1990 - "Fluoxetine trial in borderline personality disorder." 03/01/2011 - "She was diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and started treatment with oral fluoxetine, showing a rapid decrease of impulsive behavior and anxiety from the second week with a mean dose of 80 mg/d." 11/01/2004 - "Ten impulsive aggressive patients with borderline personality disorder were imaged with (18)F-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography at baseline and after receiving fluoxetine at 20 mg/day for 12 weeks. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 04/30/2021 - "Despite the proven efficacy of in-person dialectical behavioral therapy in the treatment of borderline personality disorder, there are barriers to receiving this treatment. " 11/01/2018 - "Dialectical behaviour therapy skills training (DBT-ST) has proven effective to treat individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD). " 08/01/2012 - "Psychoanalytically oriented day hospital therapy, later manualized and named mentalization-based treatment (MBT), has proven to be a (cost-) effective treatment for patients with severe borderline personality disorder and a high degree of psychiatric comorbidity (BPD) in the United Kingdom (UK). " 08/01/2011 - "A substantial proportion of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) patients respond by a marked decrease of psychopathology when treated with Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). " 09/01/2005 - "Sustained efficacy of dialectical behaviour therapy for borderline personality disorder."
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 02/01/1988 - "As an adjunct to psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy can produce modest but clinically important improvement in the mood and behavior of patients with borderline personality disorder. " 09/01/2008 - "There is good support for well-structured methods of psychotherapy, mainly in borderline personality disorder (BPD), but evidence for the efficacy of pharmacotherapy is weak. " 08/01/1987 - "Although many creative and articulate psychodynamic formulations of borderline personality disorder have been proposed, an initial "cognitive" approach to psychotherapy combined with pharmacotherapy can be effective in alleviating acute symptoms, and more psychodynamic approaches can be employed when the patient is better equipped to use them." 11/01/2006 - "Efficacy of pharmacotherapy against core traits of borderline personality disorder: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials." 01/01/2020 - "Pharmacotherapy for Borderline Personality Disorder: an Update of Published, Unpublished and Ongoing Studies."
3.	Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation 01/01/2020 - "Improvement in borderline personality disorder symptomatology after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex: preliminary results." 02/15/2009 - "Neurophysiological correlates of borderline personality disorder: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study." 09/01/2023 - "Treatment of depression and borderline personality disorder with 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the orbitofrontal cortex - A pilot study." 01/01/2023 - "The use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the treatment of people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) highlights the need for systematic review of the evidence supporting this practice. " 10/01/2021 - "The literature on the application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is unclear, even though its neuromodulatory effects on underlying neural circuitry involved in BPD symptoms suggest that it could be a potential treatment option. "
4.	Medical Day Care (Partial Hospitalization) 10/01/1999 - "Psychoanalytically oriented partial hospitalization is superior to standard psychiatric care for patients with borderline personality disorder. " 05/01/2009 - "This study describes naturalistic 3-month follow-up after discharge from a 5-day partial hospitalization dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) program for women diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD). " 05/01/2008 - "This study evaluated the effect of mentalization-based treatment by partial hospitalization compared to treatment as usual for borderline personality disorder 8 years after entry into a randomized, controlled trial and 5 years after all mentalization-based treatment was complete. " 01/01/2001 - "The aim of this study was to determine whether the substantial gains made by patients with borderline personality disorder following completion of a psychoanalytically oriented partial hospitalization program, in comparison to patients treated with standard psychiatric care, were maintained over an 18-month follow-up period. " 10/01/1999 - "This study compared the effectiveness of psychoanalytically oriented partial hospitalization with standard psychiatric care for patients with borderline personality disorder. "
5.	Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation 06/10/2019 - "Efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation in reducing impulsivity in borderline personality disorder (TIMBER): study protocol of a randomized controlled clinical trial." 01/01/2021 - "Challenging control over emotions in borderline personality disorder - a tDCS study." 01/01/2020 - "Change in core symptoms of borderline personality disorder by tDCS: A pilot study." 01/01/2019 - "Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on the cognitive control of negative stimuli in borderline personality disorder." 01/01/2020 - "Repeated transcranial direct current stimulation of dorsolateral-prefrontal cortex improves executive functions, cognitive reappraisal emotion regulation, and control over emotional processing in borderline personality disorder: A randomized, sham-controlled, parallel-group study."