Blindness (Hysterical Blindness)

The inability to see or the loss or absence of perception of visual stimuli. This condition may be the result of EYE DISEASES; OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; OPTIC CHIASM diseases; or BRAIN DISEASES affecting the VISUAL PATHWAYS or OCCIPITAL LOBE.

Also Known As:

Networked: 3116 relevant articles (116 outcomes, 144 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Diabetic Retinopathy (Retinopathy, Diabetic)
2.	Retinopathy of Prematurity (Retrolental Fibroplasia)
3.	Macular Degeneration (Age-Related Maculopathy)
4.	Infection
5.	Cataract (Cataracts)

Experts

1.	Hauswirth, William W: 13 articles (10/2015 - 11/2005)
2.	Jacobson, Samuel G: 10 articles (05/2015 - 04/2002)
3.	Cideciyan, Artur V: 10 articles (05/2015 - 04/2002)
4.	Gilbert, Clare: 10 articles (01/2015 - 01/2005)
5.	Morlet, Nigel: 8 articles (09/2015 - 11/2013)
6.	Bennett, Jean: 8 articles (07/2015 - 02/2004)
7.	Kim, Jeong Hun: 8 articles (05/2014 - 11/2007)
8.	Smith, Lois E H: 8 articles (03/2014 - 12/2003)
9.	Aleman, Tomas S: 8 articles (04/2011 - 04/2002)
10.	Gillies, Mark C: 7 articles (09/2015 - 05/2012)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Blindness:

1.	ROPIBA 01/01/2010 - "In order to achieve a significant reduction in childhood blindness determined by ROP the current screening and treatment programme needs to be extended to the entire country." 10/01/2012 - "It is projected that without improvement in perinatal medical care that ROP will continue to be a major cause of childhood blindness." 01/01/2006 - "Until then, one can work toward the future, but be thankful now that the rate of blindness from ROP has dropped, thanks to close surveillance, improved understanding of natural history, and a treatment that, while not perfect, is remarkably effective in preserving central vision." 01/01/2005 - "Can ROP blindness be eliminated?" 12/01/1990 - "As the number of children with ROP has not changed appreciably over the last 40 years, while birth rates in the Netherlands have steadily decreased, the incidence of blindness/impaired vision due to ROP has probably increased. "
2.	Retinaldehyde (Retinal)IBA 02/01/2012 - "Recently, subretinal administration of AAV2 has been demonstrated to be safe and effective in patients with a rare form of inherited childhood blindness, suggesting that AAV-mediated retinal gene therapy may be successfully extended to other blinding conditions. " 05/01/2007 - "This identification of a large animal model for human retinal blindness offers considerable promise in developing gene-based therapies." 06/01/2009 - "A prospective trial was initiated to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a wireless intraocular retinal implant (EPIRET3) in six volunteers with blindness and RP. " 01/01/2006 - "Ophthalmic examination and electrodiagnostic evaluation eliminated outer retinal abnormalities as the primary cause of the bilateral blindness, implicating instead a central neurologic effect of the drug. " 08/01/2005 - "In comparison, in a dog model of Leber's congenital amaurosis gene therapy could establish retinal function, thus supplying proof of efficacy of the method."
3.	Vitamin A (Retinol)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1997 - "Intermittent treatment with the very large doses of vitamin A prescribed to combat blindness was shown to be effective. " 01/01/2015 - "The correct diagnosis and therapy with prompt vitamin A supplementation avoid blindness. " 01/01/2014 - "Reduced vitamin A concentration increases the risk of blindness in children infected with the measles virus. " 01/01/2014 - "Preventing blindness and saving lives: the centenary of vitamin A." 07/01/2012 - "Developing countries have adopted universal, high-potency vitamin A (VA) supplementation and food fortification as major strategies to control deficiency, prevent nutritional blindness and reduce child mortality. "
4.	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor)IBA 01/01/2014 - "Improved access to IVT is important, as treatment with anti-VEGF therapy reduces blindness at population levels." 10/01/2014 - "Anti-VEGF therapies have yielded impressive results; however, they are not a cure for blindness. " 01/01/2012 - "However, substantial improvement in vision occurs in only one-third of patients treated with vascular endothelial growth factor antagonists, and one-sixth of treated patients still progress to legal blindness. " 05/01/2015 - "Ischemic retinopathies causing overexpression of pro-angiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), are the most common cause of blindness. " 01/01/2015 - "As a result of the introduction of anti-VEGF drugs, the incidence of blindness from neovascular AMD has greatly reduced. "
5.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 01/01/1997 - "Good results were obtained by a medical care with corticoids and chloraminophen in case of threatening blindness. " 08/01/2013 - "'Blindness cured!': long-standing visual loss responding to corticosteroids." 01/01/1997 - "Visual deterioration occurred less frequently in those treated with corticosteroids (2/16 [12.5%] vs. 7/10 [70%], P = 0.007), blindness was less frequent (1/16 [5.3%] vs. 5/10 [50%], P = 0.018), and in 3 patients vision improved. " 11/01/2015 - "GCA represents a challenging illness to clinicians because of its potential for causing blindness and the need for prolonged high doses of corticosteroids with their many complications." 07/15/2014 - "We review other cases of blindness in CM with normal ICP and the potential role of corticosteroids as treatment. "
6.	OxygenIBA 03/01/2009 - "In this fMRI study we compared blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) activations and deactivations during the kinesthetic imagery of standing, walking, and running in seven congenitally totally blind subjects, seven sighted age-matched controls, and five subjects with age at onset of complete blindness > or =9 y or minimal residual vision. " 01/01/1985 - "Maybe not in same way as the discovery of the relationship of high oxygen concentrations to the development of blindness in premature infants, but the study may identify women at higher risk and provide new insights to scientists studying the pathophysiology of breast oncogenesis. " 07/01/2013 - "The relationship between high oxygen levels and blindness in small preterm infants is common knowledge in today's NI CU. " 01/01/2011 - "Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of oxygen may cause irreversible damage to the eyes of very-low-birth-weight preterm infants and is a potential cause of blindness. " 05/01/2007 - "Oxygen targeting and early surgery show promise to reduce the risk of blindness in the smallest premature infants. "
7.	SteroidsIBA 01/01/2015 - "The management strategy to avoid vision loss and blindness currently involves the use of local and systemic drugs including steroids and immunosuppressive and biologic agents. " 01/01/2012 - "This ocular involvement of GCA should be treated as a medical emergency to prevent possible blindness and steroids should be commenced immediately. " 10/14/2011 - "In our current case report, we describe a child with active CD who developed sudden blindness due to bilateral ON that was not related to any known cause, and that promptly responded to a high dose of steroids. " 07/01/2008 - "The blindness was resolved with this procedure as well as treatment with systemic steroids. " 01/01/2004 - "High dose steroids may have reduced the mass effect of the tumour or the blindness may have been hysterical but is unlikely."
8.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 01/01/2013 - "Delay of diagnosis and inappropriate antibiotics are associated with poor outcomes, such as blindness." 01/01/2009 - "Although this pathogen is relatively benign for domestic animals treated by antibiotics, it can lead wild animals to blindness and death. " 01/01/2007 - "Despite the use of antibiotics, the host inflammatory response continues to cause damage to the cornea, which may lead to blindness. " 12/01/2001 - "The blindness in applying antibiotics should be recovered. " 09/01/2000 - "Foremost among the therapeutic developments were antibiotics, due to their potential to cure conditions that frequently resulted in blindness. "
9.	ZincIBA 10/01/2014 - "Decreased incidences of blindness in patients with AMD and increased atheroprotective effect have been observed in the zinc supplemented elderly. " 11/01/2009 - "Zinc supplementation has prevented blindness in 25% of the elderly individuals with dry type of AMD. " 06/01/2009 - "Zinc supplementation was effective in preventing blindness in 25% of the elderly with dry type of age related macular degeneration. " 10/01/2014 - "Zinc has been very successfully used as a therapeutic modality for the management of acute diarrhea in children, Wilson's disease, the common cold and for the prevention of blindness in patients with age-related dry type of macular degeneration. " 03/01/2013 - "Zinc has been very successfully used as a therapeutic modality for the management of acute diarrhea in children, Wilson's disease, the common cold and for the prevention of blindness in patients with age-related dry type of macular degeneration and is very effective in decreasing the incidence of infection in the elderly. "
10.	Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)FDA LinkGeneric 02/28/1978 - "Aspirin effectively abolished SPA in 50 patients and relieved the clinical symptoms of patients with recurrent complaints of transient blindness and paraesthesia." 06/01/1994 - "Although there was a trend toward fewer episodes of amaurosis with use of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), the difference was not statistically significant. " 02/10/1972 - "[Aspirin in the treatment of amaurosis. " 01/01/2008 - "According to our results, all the measured hemorheological parameters were in the pathological range, although aspirin treatment could decrease these factors and thus may help to prevent the progression of severe diabetic retinopathy and perhaps blindness." 02/04/2003 - "Over the 10 to 15 years after clinical diagnosis, tight glycemic control probably reduces the risk for blindness and end-stage renal disease, and aggressive control of hypertension, lipid therapy, and aspirin use reduce cardiovascular events. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Lasers (Laser) 12/01/2015 - "However, laser strikes cause immediate visual effects, including glare, flash blindness, and ocular irritation that can interfere with a pilot's visual function. " 04/01/2014 - "Despite laser and surgical treatments, antiangiogenic and other therapies, and strict metabolic control, many patients progress to visual impairment and blindness. " 12/01/2012 - "Certain areas of the retina with such conditions are to be photocoagulated by laser to stop the disease progress and prevent blindness. " 12/01/2010 - "To report the first case of prophylactic laser treatment to prevent blindness in a patient who was diagnosed with Norrie's disease by genetic testing with amniocentesis. " 02/15/2010 - "Since the detection of these corneal dystrophies is urgently needed before laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis operation to prevent blindness, genetic analysis of the BIGH3 gene is critical in most ophthalmological clinics. "
2.	Corneal Transplantation (Keratoplasty) 01/01/2010 - "Keratoplasty is the most effective treatment for corneal blindness, but suboptimal medical conditions and lack of qualified medical personnel and donated cornea often prevent the performance of corneal transplantation in developing countries. " 07/01/2010 - "Corneal blindness is one of the important types of blindness that can be prevented by proper health care education and conventionally cured by corneal transplantation for which awareness regarding eye donation is essential. " 03/01/2003 - "Osteo-odontokeratoprosthesis shows good results in patients with corneal blindness not amenable to keratoplasty. " 01/01/2012 - "Boston Kpro offers a reasonably safe and effective solution for patients with corneal blindness in whom the prognosis for natural corneal grafting is poor." 02/01/2015 - "Though all the causes of blindness can't be cured, corneal blindness can be reverted by corneal transplantation, for which a suitable donor cornea is required at right time. "
3.	Light Coagulation 03/01/2013 - "Research has demonstrated that blindness from diabetes is preventable with early diagnosis, optimization of risk factors, and timely photocoagulation. " 08/01/2004 - "Since it reduces legal blindness by more than 90% in proliferative retinopathy and prevents severe sight loss in diabetic maculopathy, photocoagulation is probably one of the most effective forms of treatment known today. " 05/15/1993 - "Panretinal photocoagulation could prevent most blindness from proliferative disease--if risk is identified early. " 10/11/1991 - "Out of 22 patients with unilateral or bilateral blindness, 2 (10%) had received no photocoagulation. " 08/01/1991 - "The proliferation continued in 4 patients (22%) leading to blindness in 2 patients and recurrence of vitreous haemorrhages despite the photocoagulation in the other 2 cases. "
4.	Decompression 11/01/2013 - "To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of endoscopic optic nerve decompression in the treatment of traumatic blindness and to evaluate the relevant prognostic factors. " 12/01/2014 - "In 2 of 6 cases with optic canal decompression, 1 exhibited half-blindness, and the other exhibited quarter-blindness postoperatively. " 11/01/2013 - "Analysis of prognostic factors of endoscopic optic nerve decompression in traumatic blindness." 07/01/2011 - "Although the prognosis for blindness resulting from an indirect optic injury is poor, some patients have a chance to recover with enough decompression on the traumatized optic nerve. " 01/01/2009 - "Clinical approaches to the surgical management of optic chiasm compression stress quick action, as several case series have demonstrated minimal vision restoration following aggressive decompression in patients presenting more than 3 days after the onset of blindness. "
5.	Vitrectomy 09/01/1997 - "Vitrectomy for patients who do not exhibit spontaneous improvement in vision results in a dramatic reversal of blindness." 11/01/1998 - "Blindness was also described in two patients with vitritis who did not undergo vitrectomy. " 01/01/1996 - "Further analyses demonstrate that this benefit of early photocoagulation is greater in patients with type II diabetes than in those with type I. The relative benefit of early photocoagulation in patients with type II diabetes is also seen for other outcomes (development of high-risk proliferative retinopathy, development of the combined end point [severe visual loss or vitrectomy], development of moderate visual loss, or development of legal blindness). " 01/01/1985 - "Despite treatment with laser and vitrectomy the eye lesions progressed to total blindness within 30 months after the diagnosis of diabetes." 10/01/1980 - "Following vitrectomy the edema resolved clinically in 10 of the 12 eyes, in an average of 3.7 months, and the visual acuity improved significantly in 8 of the 12 eyes--in five instances from legal blindness to 20/50 or better. "