Blast Injuries

Injuries resulting when a person is struck by particles impelled with violent force from an explosion. Blast causes pulmonary concussion and hemorrhage, laceration of other thoracic and abdominal viscera, ruptured ear drums, and minor effects in the central nervous system. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

Also Known As:

Networked: 180 relevant articles (3 outcomes, 13 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Burns
2.	Pneumoperitoneum
3.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma)
4.	Tympanic Membrane Perforation
5.	Lacerations

Experts

1.	Potter, Benjamin K: 5 articles (09/2015 - 03/2007)
2.	Ma, Li: 3 articles (05/2015 - 06/2010)
3.	Murray, Clinton K: 3 articles (10/2014 - 12/2012)
4.	Forsberg, Jonathan A: 3 articles (09/2014 - 01/2012)
5.	Elster, Eric A: 3 articles (09/2014 - 01/2012)
6.	Kirkman, E: 3 articles (01/2011 - 05/2001)
7.	Cernak, I: 3 articles (07/2001 - 01/2000)
8.	Turner, Ryan C: 2 articles (12/2015 - 10/2013)
9.	Logsdon, Aric F: 2 articles (12/2015 - 10/2013)
10.	Huber, Jason D: 2 articles (12/2015 - 10/2013)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Blast Injuries:

1.	Silver Sulfadiazine (SSD)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2012 - "We conclude application of silver sulfadiazine cream on facial burn-blast injury tattoos several hours before surgical removal of particles is highly efficacious in facilitating particle removal and attaining a good result following surgical intervention, and primary repair. " 01/01/2012 - "Application of silver sulfadiazine cream with early surgical intervention in patients suffering from combined burn-blast injury facial tattoos." 01/01/2012 - "We report two patients suffering from facial burn-blast injury following dynamite explosion in which after primary stabilization, silver sulfadiazine cream was applied to the wounds and 12 hours later the wounds were cleaned under general anesthesia with vigorous saline solution irrigation and brushing. "
2.	Arginine (L-Arginine)FDA Link 04/01/2000 - "Furthermore, the results suggest that depleted arterial levels of arginine and NO overproduction may be helpful in diagnosis and prognosis of blast injury." 04/01/2000 - "Pulmonary blast injury increases nitric oxide production, disturbs arginine metabolism, and alters the plasma free amino acid pool in rabbits during the early posttraumatic period."
3.	Explosive Agents (Explosives)IBA 12/01/2013 - "Fatal blast injuries are generally reported in literature as a consequence of the detonation of explosives in war settings. " 08/01/2013 - "We present a unique case of bilateral traumatic corneal endothelial rings secondary to blast injury from homemade explosives. " 08/10/2012 - "In addition to military personnel, the increasing use of explosives by terrorists has resulted in growing numbers of blast injuries in civilian populations. " 05/01/2011 - "The increased use of explosives in recent wars has increased the number of veterans with blast injuries. " 01/01/2011 - "A primary blast injury occurs due overpressure occurring as a result of the detonation of high explosives. "
4.	Nitric Oxide (Nitrogen Monoxide)FDA Link 04/01/2005 - "In our previous experimental studies, we found evidence for the increase of nitric oxide (NO) formation immediately after blast injury. " 07/01/2001 - "Cognitive deficits following blast injury-induced neurotrauma: possible involvement of nitric oxide." 07/01/2001 - "Furthermore, it is hypothesized that blast injury, stimulating nitric oxide production in the medial mesodiencephalic reticular formation and the dorsal hippocampus, both structures being involved in memory processing, may induce memory deficits. " 04/01/2000 - "Pulmonary blast injury increases nitric oxide production, disturbs arginine metabolism, and alters the plasma free amino acid pool in rabbits during the early posttraumatic period." 06/01/2009 - "Superoxide radicals combine with nitric oxide (NO), another ROS produced by blast injury as well as other types of TBI, to form peroxynitrite, a powerful oxidant that impairs cerebral vascular responses to reduced intravascular pressure and other cerebral vascular responses. "
5.	Interleukin-6 (Interleukin 6)IBA 04/01/2011 - "In an airtight environment, rabbit ARDS model can be reproduced successfully by blast injury with 1 917.3 mm Hg explosion pressure; TNF-α and IL-6 are involved in the pathogenesis and development of ARDS in blast injury. " 04/01/2011 - "Circulating IL-6 level was markedly elevated in response to blast injury and hypothalamus destruction further increased IL-6 secretion (P<0.05). " 04/01/2011 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dynamic relationship between plasma corticosterone and interleukin-6 in the hypothalamus-destroyed rats after blast injury. " 04/01/2011 - "Effects of hypothalamus destruction on the level of plasma corticosterone after blast injury and its relation to interleukin-6 in rats." 09/01/2014 - "The level of plasma tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) together with hepatic and renal MPO, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase, and total antioxidant capacity were measured 6 hours after the blast injury. "
6.	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor)IBA 04/01/2001 - "[Study of the changes and effect of VEGF and bFGF in early stage of maxillofacial blast injury in rabbits]." 04/01/2001 - "VEGF and bFGF take part in two angiogenic cascades with synergistic action in maxillofacial blast injury. " 12/01/2000 - "The stage of the VEGF expression at the maxillofacial blast injury site is similar to the angiopoietic stage during would healing, and KDR expression also occurs during that period. " 12/01/2000 - "To determine the expression and the change of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its acceptor KDR during the early stage of maxillofacial blast injury. " 12/01/2000 - "Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor during the early stage of maxillofacial blast injury."
7.	MagnesiumIBA 09/01/1995 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate lung and brainstem total tissue magnesium concentrations in adult rabbits following pulmonary blast injury. " 01/01/2000 - "Similar changes in magnesium, but not calcium, were present in the GCS 13-15 and the blast injury groups, but only up until day 3 after injury. "
8.	Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II (Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase)IBA 02/01/2004 - "The present study investigated the neuroprotective role of aminoguanidine, a known inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, in both behavioral and morphologic changes in rats subjected to nonpenetrative blast injury. "
9.	Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor)IBA 04/01/2001 - "The aim of this study is to determine the content of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the wound fluid during maxillofacial soft tissue blast injury, and to evaluate their effects on angiogenesis of wound healing. "
10.	ThrombinFDA Link 06/01/2015 - "In this study, 13 pigs were subjected to severe isolated open-field blast injury and we measured indices of coagulation impairment during the first hour after injury: ROTEM, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, coagulation factors, thrombin generation potential, platelet count, platelet activation, platelet function, and procoagulant microparticle formation. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Surgical Decompression 05/01/1998 - "Tension pneumoperitoneum after blast injury: dramatic improvement in ventilatory and hemodynamic parameters after surgical decompression."
2.	Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy 02/01/2013 - "This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic potential of regulated negative pressure wound therapy (RNPT) in treating infected blast injuries in swine. " 02/01/2013 - "Treatment of infected soft tissue blast injury in swine by regulated negative pressure wound therapy." 12/01/2010 - "Comparison of vacuum-assisted closure to the antibiotic bead pouch for the treatment of blast injury of the extremity." 02/01/2010 - "Comparison of vacuum-assisted closure to the antibiotic bead pouch for the treatment of blast injury of the extremity." 01/01/2010 - "Use of negative pressure wound therapy during aeromedical evacuation of patients with combat-related blast injuries."
3.	Tympanoplasty 01/01/1990 - "[Tympanoplasty in the treatment of sequelae of blast injuries of the ear]." 01/01/1990 - "This study deals with 40 clinical files relating to auricular blast injury patients with ensuing eardrum perforation, managed either by tympanoplasty or by placement of a healing support. " 12/01/2001 - "Tympanoplasty was performed in 119 (a total of 181 injuries) out of 651 patients examined for blast injury of the ear between 1991 and 2000. " 12/01/2001 - "To establish whether hearing loss after eardrum blast injury could be recovered by tympanoplasty performed immediately after injury and what material is the most suitable for eardrum closure. "
4.	Lasers (Laser) 04/01/2010 - "The aim of this study was to establish a small-animal model for blast injuries, using laser-induced stress waves (LISWs) with high controllability, high reproducibility, and easy experimental settings. " 04/01/2010 - "Pulmonary blast injury in mice: a novel model for studying blast injury in the laboratory using laser-induced stress waves."
5.	Amputation 01/01/2015 - "We treated an active duty service member who suffered an amputation of his right upper extremity after sustaining a blast injury in Afghanistan. " 10/01/2014 - "Our analysis indicates that dismounted blast injuries, resulting in above the knee amputations, and requirement of large volume PRBC transfusions are independent predictors of IFI development. " 10/01/2014 - "Parameters associated significantly with the development of IFI multivariate analysis were blast injuries (OR: 5.7; CI: 1.1-29.6), dismounted at time of injury (OR: 8.5; CI: 1.2-59.8); above the knee amputations (OR: 4.1; CI: 1.3-12.7), and large-volume packed red blood cell (PRBC; >20 U) transfusions within first 24 h (OR: 7.0; CI: 2.5-19.7). " 12/01/2013 - "There were also significant differences in the surgical techniques, with more guillotine amputations in the early group, and mechanism of injury, with more blast injuries in the late group. " 12/01/2012 - "Common findings include blast injury (100%) during foot patrol (92%) occurring in southern Afghanistan (94%) with lower extremity amputation (80%) and large volume blood transfusion (97.2%). "